馬德賓,馮 帆,張 帆,楊俊蘭,史國兵,韓雅玲,張志遠沈陽軍區(qū)總醫(yī)院,遼寧沈陽 006;解放軍總醫(yī)院 腫瘤內(nèi)科,北京 00853
MicroRNA 122促進吉西他濱對體外非小細胞肺癌細胞系A(chǔ)549的殺傷作用
馬德賓1,馮 帆1,張 帆2,楊俊蘭2,史國兵1,韓雅玲1,張志遠1
1沈陽軍區(qū)總醫(yī)院,遼寧沈陽 110016;2解放軍總醫(yī)院 腫瘤內(nèi)科,北京 100853
目的探討microRNA 122(miRNA122)對細胞毒性化療藥吉西他濱對體外殺傷非小細胞肺癌細胞株的影響。方法利用脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122的表達載體;CCK-8測定系列濃度梯度吉西他濱檢測對非小細胞肺癌細胞株A549的抑制率,計算IC50值;平板克隆實驗檢測吉西他濱對A549細胞殺傷的影響;流式細胞儀-Annexin/PI雙染實驗檢測吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)A549細胞凋亡率。結(jié)果吉西他濱對A549細胞具有明顯地體外殺傷作用,其IC50值為(78.65±5.25)nmol/L,轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122能夠上調(diào)吉西他濱的活性,其IC50值為(10.26±1.18)nmol/L;流式細胞術(shù)結(jié)果顯示:A549細胞凋亡率誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)染空載體組為26.24%±1.94%,誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122組為63.30%±3.96%。miRNA122能夠顯著上調(diào)吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)A549細胞凋亡率。RT-PCR和蛋白印跡實驗表明,轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122能夠顯著上調(diào)A549細胞內(nèi)miRNA122的表達水平,降低miRNA122靶基因和調(diào)控基因的表達水平。結(jié)論miRNA122能夠上調(diào)吉西他濱對非小細胞肺癌細胞系A(chǔ)549的體外殺傷作用。
微小RNA122;非小細胞肺癌;吉西他濱;
MicroRNAs在真核生物系統(tǒng)發(fā)育以及細胞增殖調(diào)控等生理過程中發(fā)揮了重要作用,作為特殊的調(diào)節(jié)因子,miRNA也能夠參與調(diào)控多種腫瘤的發(fā)生。miRNA122最早被發(fā)現(xiàn)與丙型肝炎病毒相關(guān),能夠在肝癌細胞增殖調(diào)控發(fā)揮作用[1-2]。最近的研究顯示, miRNA122有可能參與肺癌細胞株的增殖[3]。吉西他濱是一種核糖核苷酸還原酶抑制劑,能夠通過阻斷DNA合成和修復(fù)抑制腫瘤細胞增殖,阻斷其周期運轉(zhuǎn)[4]。本研究利用非小細胞肺癌細胞株A549,觀察miRNA122對吉西他濱體外抗腫瘤活性的影響。
1 藥品和試劑 吉西他濱購自大連美侖生物技術(shù)有限公司,由質(zhì)譜確認其結(jié)構(gòu)正確,采用高效液相色譜(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)檢測其純度>98%,使用DMSO配制成3 mmol/L的母液,4℃保存;miRNA122由上海捷瑞公司化學(xué)合成;DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基和胎牛血清(fetal bovine serum,F(xiàn)BS)購自美國Hyclone公司;CCK-8試劑購自美國Amerresco公司;雙染法細胞凋亡試劑盒(包含Annexin V Binding Buffer、FITCAnnexinV以及7-AAD Viability Staining Solution)購自Biolegend公司;CCK-8試劑盒和Lipofectamine-RNAi MAX轉(zhuǎn)染試劑購自Invitrogen公司;RTPCR試劑盒購自美國Promega公司;蛋白印跡實驗(Western blot)檢測試劑盒(包括SDS-蛋白電泳Loading Buffer、蛋白Marker,以及硝酸纖維素膜)購自美國Bio-Rad公司;蛋白印跡實驗所用抗體均購自Santa Cruz公司;化學(xué)發(fā)光試劑盒(北京Qiangen公司);其余試劑均為國產(chǎn)分析純試劑。細胞培養(yǎng)瓶(Corning 430641)以及24孔細胞培養(yǎng)板(Corning 3337)購自美國Corning公司。
2 主要設(shè)備 多功能酶標(biāo)儀(Wallac公司);TS-100倒置相差顯微鏡購自日本Nikon公司。
3 細胞培養(yǎng)和轉(zhuǎn)染 非小細胞肺癌細胞株A549購自中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院中國協(xié)和醫(yī)科大學(xué)細胞庫,培養(yǎng)于含2 mmol/L的L-谷氨酰胺和10% FBS的高糖DMEM培養(yǎng)液中;置37℃,5% CO2孵箱中培養(yǎng)。先分別將0.5μl的Lipofectamine-RNAi MAX轉(zhuǎn)染試劑和200 ng質(zhì)粒(由0.5μl無血清無抗生素的RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基溶解與稀釋)加入到2管(含24.5μl無血清無抗生素培養(yǎng)基)中,混勻,室溫靜置15 min后,將兩管液體等比例混合,混勻后室溫靜置15 min。
4 細胞抑制率實驗 將非小細胞肺癌細胞株A549細胞接種于24孔板中,待每空細胞密度達到80% ~90%時換新鮮培養(yǎng)基,每孔1 ml;配置系列濃度梯度的吉西他濱工作液(0.000 3 mmol/L、0.001 mmol/L、0.003 mmol/L、0.01 mmol/L、0.03 mmol/L、0.1 mmol/L以及0.3 mmol/L),按照1∶1 000的比例加入24孔板中(每孔1 μl),使吉西他濱的終濃度為:0.000 3μmol/L、0.001μmol/L、0.003μmol/L、0.01μmol/L、0.03μmol/L、0.1μmol/L以及0.3μmol/L;藥物處理A549細胞48 h后,每孔加入30μl CCK-8試劑,置于37℃、5% CO2的細胞培養(yǎng)箱中孵育4 h后,多功能酶標(biāo)儀在450 nm測定吸光度,并計算細胞增殖抑制率。抑制率(%)=(對照組A 450 nm-藥物處理組A 450 nm)/(對照組A 450 nm-溶劑對照組A 450 nm) ×100%。
5 平板克隆實驗 對數(shù)生長期的非小細胞肺癌細胞株A549加入IC50濃度的吉西他濱處理48 h后,制備細胞懸液,以200個細胞/皿的密度種于9 cm直徑培養(yǎng)皿中,置37℃、5% CO2及飽和濕度的細胞培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)10 ~ 15 d。當(dāng)克隆肉眼可見時,終止培養(yǎng)。用無水乙醇固定過夜,加適量結(jié)晶紫染液染色10 ~ 30 mins,洗去染色液,空氣干燥。
6 凋亡實驗 實驗步驟參考文獻[5],對數(shù)生長期的非小細胞肺癌細胞株A549加入IC50濃度的吉西他濱處理48 h后,消化并離心(800 r/m),使用PBS洗3次,使用100μl Annexin V Binding Buffer重懸,加入FITC-AnnexinV和7-AAD各5μl,室溫避光染色15 min,再用500μl Annexin V Binding Buffer重懸于流式管中,上機檢測。
7 反轉(zhuǎn)錄實驗 基本按照文獻[6-9]描述的方法,A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染核酸后,收集細胞,提取RNA,反轉(zhuǎn)錄,DNA電泳檢測。
8 蛋白免疫印跡實驗 基本按照馮帆等[10]的方法進行實驗,一抗稀釋條件:兔抗人CycinG1單抗(1∶2 000稀釋),兔抗人IGF1R單抗(1∶1 000稀釋),鼠抗人CycinB1多抗(1∶1 000稀釋),鼠抗人P-GP多抗(1∶500稀釋),兔抗人GAPDH多抗(1∶5 000稀釋);二抗稀釋條件:HRP-羊抗兔單克隆抗體(1∶5 000稀釋),HRP-羊抗鼠單克隆抗體(1∶5 000稀釋)。
9 統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析 應(yīng)用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件,采用單因素方差分析比較多組件的±s,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義;使用統(tǒng)計和繪圖軟件Origin 6.1中的Sigmoidal Fit模塊進行回歸分析,擬合量藥物作用的效曲線并計算相應(yīng)IC50值;使用Polymoidal Fit模塊計算藥物作用曲線的R2值和P值。
1 miRNA122對吉西他濱抑制A549細胞的影響利用Origin 6.1軟件繪制吉西他濱對A549細胞的劑量-抑制率曲線(圖1)。結(jié)果顯示,吉西他濱能夠劑量依賴性地殺傷A549細胞(圖1A),其IC50值為(78.65±5.25) nmol/L,R2值和P值分別為0.94和0.005 8;轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122的A549細胞對吉西他濱的敏感性明顯上調(diào)(圖1B),其IC50值為(10.26± 1.18) nmol/L,R2值和P值分別為0.96和0.003 6。
2 miRNA122上調(diào)吉西他濱對A549細胞克隆形成的抑制作用 檢測miRNA122對吉西他濱抑制A549細胞克隆形成的影響(圖2)。結(jié)果顯示,與溶劑對照相比(圖2A),IC50濃度(80 nmol/L)的吉西他濱能夠顯著抑制A549細胞的克隆形成能力(圖2B);轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122能夠顯著促進吉西他濱對A549細胞克隆形成的抑制作用(圖2C)。
3 miRNA122促進吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)A549細胞凋亡檢測miRNA122對吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)A549細胞凋亡的影響(圖3)。結(jié)果顯示,與溶劑對照相比(圖3A),IC50濃度(80 nmol/L)的吉西他濱能夠顯著誘導(dǎo)A549細胞凋亡(圖3B);轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122能夠顯著促進吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)的A549細胞凋亡(圖3C)。吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)溶劑對照組細胞凋亡率(圖3D)為6.24%±0.32%;誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)染空載體組A549細胞凋亡率為26.24%±1.94%;誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122組A549細胞凋亡率為63.30%±3.96%。進一步的RT-PCR和蛋白印跡實驗結(jié)果證實了miRNA122的轉(zhuǎn)染效率,與對照相比,轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122的A549細胞中,miRNA122的表達水平明顯上調(diào)(圖4A),miRNA122能夠顯著下調(diào)其作用靶基因CyclinG1和IGF1R的蛋白水平(圖4B),并能夠下調(diào)其相關(guān)蛋白CyclinB1和P-GP的表達(圖4C)。
DNA是重要生物大分子,也是重要的藥物作用靶標(biāo),依托泊苷、氮芥、絲裂霉素C、米托蒽醌等、阿糖胞苷、甲氨蝶呤、阿霉素、表柔比星、順鉑等細胞毒性化療藥物,能夠通過多種機制造成DNA損傷,抑制腫瘤細胞存活、增殖與周期運轉(zhuǎn)[11-15]。與分子靶向藥物相比,上述細胞毒性藥物有作用濃度低、不易出現(xiàn)耐受等優(yōu)點。作為一種新型細胞毒性抗腫瘤藥物,吉西他濱一方面能夠作為核苷酸的類似物摻入DNA中,造成DNA損傷,阻斷DNA復(fù)制與修復(fù),誘導(dǎo)細胞凋亡;另一方面,能夠作為核糖核苷酸還原酶抑制劑,通過抑制核苷酸合成阻斷DNA復(fù)制與修復(fù),誘導(dǎo)細胞凋亡[16-17]。作為重要的miRNA,miRNA122一直被認為是肝炎,以及肝癌的重要調(diào)節(jié)因子,但近年來也發(fā)現(xiàn)其在肺癌中也具有重要功能[1-2]。Ma等[3]報道,利用腺病毒在非小細胞肺癌細胞中表達miRNA122,能夠阻滯細胞增殖,誘導(dǎo)細胞凋亡。我們的結(jié)果顯示,吉西他濱對A549細胞具有明顯地體外殺傷作用,其IC50值為(78.65±5.25) nmol/L,轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122能夠上調(diào)吉西他濱的活性,其IC50值為(10.26±1.18) nmol/L;流式細胞術(shù)結(jié)果顯示:吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)溶劑對照組細胞凋亡率(圖3D)為6.24%±0.32%;誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)染空載體組A549細胞凋亡率為26.24%±1.94%;誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122組 A549細胞凋亡率為63.30%±3.96%。
圖 1 miRNA122對吉西他濱殺傷A549細胞的影響A: A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染空對照; B: A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122Fig. 1 Effect of miRNA122 on Gemcitabine activity in A549 cells A: A549 cells transfected with control; B: A549 cells transfected with miRNA122
圖 2 miRNA122對吉西他濱抑制A549細胞克隆形成的影響A: DMSO + A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染空對照; B:Gemcitabine + A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染空對照; C: Gemcitabine + A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122 Fig 2 Effect of miRNA122 on Gemcitabine activity in colony formation of A549 cellsA: A549 cells which transfected with control were treated with DMSO; B: A549 cells which transfected with control were treated with Gemcitabine; C: Gemcitabine + A549 cells transfected with miRNA122 vectors
圖 3 miRNA122對吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)A549細胞凋亡的影響 A: DMSO + A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染空對照; B: Gemcitabine + A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染空對照; C: Gemcitabine + A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122; D:各實驗組的凋亡率(aP=0.012,bP=0.004 4,cP=0.009 5)Fig. 3 Effect of miRNA122 on Gemcitabine activity in apoptosis of A549 cells A: A549 cells which transfected with control were treated with DMSO; B: A549 cells which transfected with control were treated with Gemcitabine; C: Gemcitabine + A549 cells transfected with miRNA122 vectors; D: Apoptosis rates of groups(aP=0.012,bP=0.004 4,cP=0.009 5)
圖 4 miRNA122等的轉(zhuǎn)染效率 A ~ C: A549細胞分別轉(zhuǎn)染對照或miRNA122; A: RT-PCR實驗檢測miRNA122的表達水平; B: 蛋白印跡實驗檢測A549細胞中miRNA122的作用靶標(biāo)蛋白CyclinG1和IGFR的表達量; C: 蛋白印跡實驗檢測A549細胞中miRNA122調(diào)控基因CyclinB1和P-GP的表達量Fig. 4 Transfection of miRNA12 in A549 cells A-C: A549 cells which were transfected with control or miRNA122, was analyzed by WB assays. The expression level of miRNA122 was determined by RT-PCR assays (A). The expression of microRNA122 targeted genes CyclinG1 or IGFR (B), and the expression of CyclinB1 or MDR-1 (P-GP) was detected via anti-bodies (C). The β-Actin or GAPDH was used as the loading control
文獻報道m(xù)iRNA122能夠降低多藥耐藥基因MDR(Multi-drug resistance,MDR)以及AKT、BCL-2等的表達[7,18]。為此我們進行了A549細胞轉(zhuǎn)染miRNA122后進行WB實驗,與對照組相比,miRNA122能夠顯著下調(diào)其作用靶基因周期素G1和胰島素樣生長因子1受體的蛋白水平,同時也能夠下調(diào)周期素B1以及多藥耐藥基因編碼的P-糖蛋白的表達。周期素與細胞分裂和周期運轉(zhuǎn)密切相關(guān);IGF1R作為重要的受體酪氨酸蛋白激酶能夠誘導(dǎo)細胞增殖與侵襲;P-糖蛋白是腫瘤細胞化療藥物耐受的調(diào)控樞紐。上述結(jié)果表明,本研究轉(zhuǎn)染效率高,細胞模型有效,miRMA122有可能通過下調(diào)上述蛋白因子的表達發(fā)揮化療藥增敏的作用。我們擬在進一步實驗中檢測miRNA122是否在A549細胞中影響細胞存活與凋亡抑制基因Survivin和抑制蛋白IAP的表達,并進一步分析其促進吉西他濱誘導(dǎo)細胞凋亡的機制。
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MicroRNA122 enhances the cytotoxic activity of Gemcitabine on A549 cells
MA De-bin1, FENG Fan1, ZHANG Fan2, YANG Jun-lan2, SHI Guo-bing1, HAN Ya-ling1, ZHANG Zhi-yuan1
1General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China;2Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
s: HAN Ya-ling. Email: hanyaling@263.net; ZHANG Zhi-yuan. Email: yuan@live.cn
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of microRNA122 (miRNA122) on cytotoxic activity of Gemcitabine on A549 cells.MethodsThe expression vector of miRNA122 was transfected using liposomes, and the CCK-8 was used to test the inhibition rate of Gemcitabine on non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, then the score of IC50was calculated. The effect of Gemcitabine on non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells was tested by colony-forming assay, and the apoptosis rate of A549 cells induced by Gemcitabine was tested by flow cytometry-Annexin/PI experiment.ResultsTransfection of miRNA122 enhanced the cytotoxic activity of Gemcitabine on A549 cells with the IC50values reducing from (78.6±5.25) nmol/L to (10.26±1.18) nmol/L. Moreover, transfection of miRNA122 up-regulated the apoptosis of A549 cells induced by Gemcitabine with the apoptosis rates increasing from 26.24%±1.94% to 63.30%±3.96%. The results of RT-PCR and Western Blot assays showed that the expression level of miRNA122 was up-regulated, and its targeted genes were down-regulated via transfected miRNA122.ConclusionmiRNA 122 can enhance the cytotoxic activity of Gemcitabine on A549 cells.
microRNA122; non-small-cell lung carcinoma; Gemcitabine
R 73-3
A
2095-5227(2014)11-1160-05
10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2014.11.021
時間:2014-08-29 17:12 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3275.R.20140829.1712.003.html
2014-07-21
全軍醫(yī)學(xué)科研“十二五”項目(BWS12J007);國家科技重大專項“重大新藥創(chuàng)制”項目(2012ZX09303016-002);“遼寧省第一批次科學(xué)技術(shù)計劃”項目(2011225008)
Supported by the Military Special-purpose Program of "Twelfth Five-Year" (BWS12J007); “Major Country to Create a Special New Drugs”S&T Major Project(2012ZX09303016-002); The First Batch of Liaoning Science and Technology Project(2011225008)
馬德賓,男,博士,主治醫(yī)師。研究方向:腫瘤學(xué)。Email: madebin119@163.com;
韓雅玲,女,博士,中國工程院院士,主任醫(yī)師,博士生導(dǎo)師,副院長。Email: hanyaling@263.net;張志遠,男,博士,主治醫(yī)師。Email: yuan@live.cn