陳 軍 曾梅華 孔慶濤 劉 芳 胡文星 顏文良 桑 紅
·病例報(bào)告·
嗜酸粒細(xì)胞增多性血管淋巴樣增生1例
陳 軍 曾梅華 孔慶濤 劉 芳 胡文星 顏文良 桑 紅?
患者,女,38歲。右耳廓暗紅色丘疹2年。組織病理檢查示:真皮中上部血管增生,血管周圍淋巴細(xì)胞、嗜酸粒細(xì)胞浸潤。根據(jù)患者臨床及鏡下特點(diǎn)診斷為嗜酸粒細(xì)胞增多性血管淋巴樣增生。二氧化碳激光治療后消退,未見復(fù)發(fā)。
嗜酸粒細(xì)胞增多性血管淋巴樣增生
臨床資料患者,女,38歲。因右耳廓暗紅色丘疹無痛癢2年余來我科就診?;颊?010年發(fā)現(xiàn)右耳后出現(xiàn)綠豆大紅色丘疹,無痛癢,皮疹漸增多、增大,部分丘疹融合,無自覺癥狀,近半年皮疹觸碰后有破潰出血,在當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院診斷為“化膿性肉芽腫”,為進(jìn)一步明確診斷來我院就診。患者否認(rèn)局部外傷史,否認(rèn)家族史。體檢:系統(tǒng)檢查未見明顯異常。皮膚科檢查:右外耳廓多個(gè)暗紅色堅(jiān)實(shí)性結(jié)節(jié),直徑0.2~0.5 cm大小不等,孤立或部分融合,表面光滑,質(zhì)韌,無壓痛及破潰出血(圖1)。實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查:血尿常規(guī)及血沉無明顯異常,血IgE正常,結(jié)節(jié)組織病理示:真皮中上部見大小不等的血管增生,血管周圍淋巴細(xì)胞、組織細(xì)胞及少量嗜酸粒細(xì)胞浸潤,血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)豐富,胞漿空泡,核大,突入管腔(圖2、3)。
圖1 右外耳廓多個(gè)暗紅色實(shí)性結(jié)節(jié),直徑0.2~0.5 cm,孤立存在或部分融合,表面光滑,質(zhì)韌圖2 真皮內(nèi)大小不等的增生性血管管腔,血管周圍嗜酸粒細(xì)胞浸潤(HE,×40)圖3 血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)豐富,核大突入管腔,胞漿空泡,血管周圍淋巴細(xì)胞、組織細(xì)胞及少量嗜酸粒細(xì)胞浸潤(HE,×400)
討論嗜酸粒細(xì)胞增多性血管淋巴樣增生(ALHE)是一種原因不明的、良性血管性損害,病變常累及真皮和皮下組織,臨床表現(xiàn)多樣,皮損主要表現(xiàn)為單發(fā)或多發(fā)紅色至棕色的丘疹或結(jié)節(jié)。1
本病常見誘因包括蚊蟲叮咬或寄生物感染;2感染因素,如皰疹病毒VIII型感染;3過敏反應(yīng)4及血管炎癥性反應(yīng)亦可誘發(fā)本病,Chou等5報(bào)道了1例疥瘡感染后誘發(fā)的ALHE,并推測疥瘡作為抗原誘導(dǎo)超敏反應(yīng),上調(diào)細(xì)胞因子及炎癥趨化因子,從而刺激血管發(fā)生及炎細(xì)胞的聚集。聚集的炎性細(xì)胞及其產(chǎn)物如陽離子嗜酸粒細(xì)胞蛋白及細(xì)胞毒相關(guān)蛋白是誘發(fā)本病的主要物質(zhì)。另外ALHE患者血清IgE增高也是超敏反應(yīng)作為誘因的證據(jù)。6近期有學(xué)者認(rèn)為,ALHE可能是早期淋巴瘤的表現(xiàn)。Luis等報(bào)道了1例69歲伴有外周性T細(xì)胞淋巴瘤的ALHE患者,ALHE及淋巴瘤部位T細(xì)胞受體基因重排陽性,隨訪2年后,患者發(fā)展為蕈樣肉芽腫,從而證實(shí)ALHE可能是淋巴瘤的早期表現(xiàn)。7ALHE好發(fā)于30~40歲女性人群,皮損多始發(fā)于頭頸部,緩慢發(fā)展,但也可發(fā)生于其他部位如眶周8、舌部9、胸部10、手部11等部位,有報(bào)道皮疹可自愈,11并建議觀察隨訪3~6個(gè)月再采取下一步治療方案。常規(guī)采用外科手術(shù)或激光燒灼治療,但復(fù)發(fā)率較高。其它治療方法如:他克莫司、咪喹莫特、異維A酸、干擾素等藥物治療。脈沖染料激光、光動(dòng)力、二氧化碳激光、長脈沖可調(diào)染料激光、銅蒸氣激光器等取得較好效果。Khunger等12采用射頻消融術(shù)聯(lián)合3%聚多卡醇硬化治療并隨訪3例ALHE患者,療效顯著且無復(fù)發(fā)。
ALHE需要同皮膚嗜酸性淋巴濾泡病(Kimura’s disease,KD)鑒別,早期認(rèn)為本病與KD重疊的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的,KD 20歲以前發(fā)病,皮損位于軀干、四肢,淋巴結(jié)常受累,有觸痛,多數(shù)病例可見具有特征性組織學(xué)改變的淋巴結(jié)病,外周血嗜酸粒細(xì)胞增多,IgE水平增高。組織學(xué)改變?yōu)轱@著的炎細(xì)胞浸潤及大量淋巴樣濾泡形成、嗜酸性微膿腫、生發(fā)中心嗜酸粒細(xì)胞浸潤及大面積的間質(zhì)硬化。
本例患者臨床表現(xiàn)及病理學(xué)均比較典型,通過二氧化碳激光及手術(shù)治療,術(shù)后給予他克莫司軟膏外用,隨訪3個(gè)月,未見復(fù)發(fā),目前患者仍在隨訪中。
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(收稿:2013-05-21 修回:2013-09-11)
Angiolym phoid hyperp lasia w ith eosinophilia:a case report
CHEN Jun,ZENGMei-ha,KONGQing-tao,et al.Department ofDermatology,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,Najing,210002
A female patientwith two years history of red papules in her right ear.Histopathology showed a proliferation of blood vessels surrounded by lymphocytes cells and a few eosinophils.According to its clinical and pathological features,the diagnosis of angiolymphoid hyperplasiawith eosinophiliawasmade.After carbon dioxide laser treatmen there is no recurrence.
angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia
南京軍區(qū)南京總醫(yī)院皮膚科,南京,210002
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