曹軍 何陽 劉洪強(qiáng) 王賽博 趙保成 鄭曉輝 汪茂文 程英升
1.蘇州大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)部,江蘇蘇州215123;2.上海市徐匯區(qū)大華醫(yī)院介入腫瘤科,上海200237;3.上海交通大學(xué)附屬第六人民醫(yī)院放射科,上海200233
吉西他濱及順鉑經(jīng)動(dòng)脈、靜脈注射后血漿、組織藥物濃度的變化
曹軍1袁2何陽2劉洪強(qiáng)2王賽博2趙保成2鄭曉輝2汪茂文2程英升3▲
1.蘇州大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)部,江蘇蘇州215123;2.上海市徐匯區(qū)大華醫(yī)院介入腫瘤科,上海200237;3.上海交通大學(xué)附屬第六人民醫(yī)院放射科,上海200233
目的分析不同化療藥物通過動(dòng)脈及靜脈途徑注射后血漿及組織內(nèi)藥物濃度的變化情況。方法40只帶瘤裸大鼠,隨機(jī)分為8組,其中4組為動(dòng)脈組,另4組為靜脈組,帶瘤裸大鼠分別經(jīng)動(dòng)脈及靜脈注射吉西他濱及順鉑。于注射后5、10、20、40、80、120、360、720 min采血液標(biāo)本,注射后10、40、120、720 min取組織標(biāo)本,以高效液相色譜法測定血漿及腫瘤組織中吉西他濱濃度,ICP-MS法測定血漿及腫瘤組織中的鉑含量,計(jì)算藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)。結(jié)果經(jīng)動(dòng)脈及靜脈注射兩種藥物后,血漿及腫瘤組織中的藥物濃度出現(xiàn)規(guī)律性變化,其變化過程均可用兩室模型來描述。動(dòng)脈注射兩組藥物的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)與靜脈注射的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)不同,動(dòng)脈組注射藥物后,血漿藥物峰濃度[吉西他濱:(20.84±10.11)μg/mL,順鉑:(15.13±7.12)μg/mL]均低于靜脈組[吉西他濱:(28.96±7.02)μg/mL,順鉑:(21.64±9.72)μg/mL],靶組織內(nèi)藥物峰濃度[吉西他濱:(20.18±9.43)μg/mL,順鉑:(6.98±0.31)μg/mL]均高于靜脈組[吉西他濱:(18.19±10.30)μg/mL,順鉑:(3.04±0.11)μg/mL],靶組織內(nèi)藥物曲線下面積[吉西他濱:(2641± 411)μg/(min·mL),順鉑:(6025±870)μg/(min·mL)]均明顯高于靜脈組[吉西他濱:(1663±568)μg/(min·mL),順鉑:(1780±883)μg/(min·mL)],差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05或P<0.01)。結(jié)論動(dòng)脈注射吉西他濱和順鉑較靜脈注射有不同程度的優(yōu)勢,這種優(yōu)勢與藥物的藥理特性有關(guān)。
吉西他濱曰順鉑曰藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)曰動(dòng)脈注射
肺癌在我國居惡性腫瘤死亡的第1位,其發(fā)病率仍逐年上升[1]。肺癌分為非小細(xì)胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)和小細(xì)胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)。非小細(xì)胞肺癌占肺癌總數(shù)的85%,其中肺腺癌占30%~40%[2]。大多數(shù)肺癌患者臨床診斷時(shí)往往已屬晚期,喪失了手術(shù)治療時(shí)機(jī)。因此,在肺癌的治療方案選擇中,化療藥物仍然發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用[3]。吉西他濱聯(lián)合順鉑治療肺癌的確切療效在一些中外研究中已得到驗(yàn)證[4-5],但是兩種藥物不同給藥途徑治療肺癌的療效比較研究卻鮮有報(bào)道。本研究通過動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究吉西他濱及順鉑動(dòng)脈化療與靜脈化療的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)表現(xiàn),比較兩種給藥途徑的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)特點(diǎn),以了解動(dòng)脈化療是否有其優(yōu)勢。
1.1 材料
1.1.1 細(xì)胞株
人肺癌細(xì)胞珠(A549)購自上海市腫瘤研究所。
1.1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物
裸大鼠40只,8~10周齡,體重(180±15)g,SPF級(jí),雌雄各半,實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物購自上海市公共衛(wèi)生臨床中心實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物部。飼養(yǎng)條件:各組鼠均同等自由飲水、攝食,溫度22~25℃,相對(duì)濕度40%~50%。
1.1.3 藥物
吉西他濱(商品名:澤菲,江蘇豪森藥業(yè)股份有限公司,批號(hào):130611)及順鉑(德州德藥制藥有限公司;批號(hào):WA2A1211085)。
1.2 儀器
Millipore超純水機(jī)(美國Millipore公司)、Sigma 3K15高速低溫離心機(jī)(德國Sigma公司)、2695型高效液相色譜儀、2487型紫外檢測器、Millennium 3.2色譜處理軟件(美國waters公司)、BP211D電子分析天平(德國Sartorius公司)、XW-80 A旋渦混合器(上海醫(yī)科大學(xué)儀器廠)、惠普1100 HPLC系統(tǒng)。不銹鋼手提式壓力蒸汽滅菌器(合肥華泰醫(yī)療設(shè)備有限公司,YX-280A型)、質(zhì)譜儀(美國PE公司,DRCⅡ型)、離心機(jī)(北京醫(yī)用離心機(jī)廠,型號(hào)LD4-2)、潔凈工作臺(tái)(蘇州安泰空氣技術(shù)有限公司,型號(hào)SW-CJ-IFD)、光學(xué)顯微鏡(Olympus Optical Co.Ltd.,型號(hào)CHS No.100278)。
1.3 方法
1.3.1 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)
將人肺癌A549細(xì)胞復(fù)蘇,含10%小牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)液培養(yǎng),取生長指數(shù)良好的人肺癌A549細(xì)胞,用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,離心,收集細(xì)胞用磷酸鹽緩沖液(PBS)稀釋,濃度調(diào)整為5×106/mL,每只小鼠以0.2 mL接種于右腋皮下,待腫瘤長至體積約為1000 mm3時(shí)移植于裸大鼠耳后造模。
1.3.2 造模
選擇生長良好、瘤結(jié)無破潰的荷瘤裸鼠,處死后無菌條件下完整剝離瘤結(jié),剪開瘤結(jié),清除中心壞死組織,在生理鹽水下,用剪刀切成2 mm×2 mm×2 mm瘤組織塊,每只裸大鼠右耳后皮下接種2 mm×2 mm× 2 mm瘤組織塊,接種在30 min內(nèi)完成。正常飼養(yǎng)8 d后動(dòng)物接種腫瘤成功;待3周后腫瘤長至2650~2800 mm3,保證各組腫瘤平均體積無明顯差異。
1.3.3 給藥及取材
給藥劑量:吉西他濱150 mg/kg,順鉑10 mg/kg。給藥方法:①動(dòng)脈化療4組,荷瘤大鼠經(jīng)10%水合氯醛(3.5 g/kg)腹腔注射麻醉后,沿頸部正中切開皮膚,暴露右頸動(dòng)脈,于右頸動(dòng)脈采用改良Seldinger技術(shù)插管,先造影證實(shí)腫瘤供血?jiǎng)用},再經(jīng)導(dǎo)管灌注吉西他濱150 mg/kg或順鉑10 mg/kg,緩慢推注,縫合皮膚。②靜脈化療4組,吉西他濱150 mg/kg或順鉑10 mg/kg由尾靜脈注入。裸大鼠體內(nèi)給藥后獲取標(biāo)本:將40只裸大鼠隨機(jī)分為8組,每組5只。在吉西他濱及順鉑分別動(dòng)脈及靜脈給藥后5、10、20、40,80、120、360、720 min將裸大鼠獲取血液標(biāo)本,在10、40、120、720 min將裸大鼠處死獲取腫瘤組織標(biāo)本。血液收集于肝素抗凝管,離心后獲取血漿。標(biāo)本冷凍于-20℃冰箱保存。
1.3.4 藥物濃度測定
1.3.4.1 吉西他濱藥物分析用高效液相色譜法(惠普1100 HPLC系統(tǒng))測定吉西他濱的血漿藥物濃度。采用惠普Hypersil ODS分析柱(125 mm×4 mm,5μm)。流動(dòng)相為水,流速為0.8 mL/min。紫外檢測波長268 nm。測定方法的日間誤差及日內(nèi)誤差均<10%。血漿樣品的處理:血漿0.5 mL,加入0.1 mg/mL吉西他濱(內(nèi)標(biāo))50 μL,以乙酸乙酯進(jìn)行萃取,吹干氮?dú)?,用水溶解殘留物后進(jìn)樣測定。組織標(biāo)本的處理:在標(biāo)本組織中分別加入0.1 mg/mL吉西他濱、0.1 mg/mL順鉑各50 μL和水2 mL,剪碎,勻漿30 min,取1 mL均勻血漿液,2000 r/min離心10 min,上清液以乙酸乙酯萃取,其余步驟與血漿樣品處理相同。
1.3.4.2 鉑含量檢測吸取血漿200 μL,對(duì)組織樣本進(jìn)行稱重,經(jīng)濕法消解后,利用電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜法(inductivelycoupledplasma-massspectrometry,ICP-MS)進(jìn)行鉑含量測定,分別以“鉑含量/血漿含量(μg/mL)”、“鉑含量/組織含量(μg/mL)”表示測定結(jié)果。通過以下公式將鉑含量換算為藥物含量,結(jié)果表示為“藥物含量/血漿含量(μg/mL)”、“藥物含量/組織含量(μg/mL)”:順鉑含量=檢測的鉑含量×300.05/195.08。ICP MS檢測大鼠血漿、腫瘤鉑含量的加標(biāo)回收率分別為99.70%和97.30%。
1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)量資料數(shù)據(jù)用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(±s)表示,兩組間比較采用t檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。應(yīng)用DAS 2.0軟件進(jìn)行藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)分析。
2.1 兩組注射化療藥物后血漿及組織中的濃度變化情況比較
動(dòng)脈及靜脈組注射兩組藥物后,血漿及組織中的藥物濃度出現(xiàn)規(guī)律性變化。如藥物在血漿中的濃度變化,藥物在組織中的濃度變化也可用數(shù)學(xué)模型來描述。吉西他濱血漿及組織中藥物濃度變化符合藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)兩室模型,用藥0~40 min后,靜脈組血漿藥物濃度明顯高于動(dòng)脈組,并且隨著時(shí)間延長,兩組間血漿藥物濃度差異漸消失;藥物注射后動(dòng)脈組及靜脈組的藥物峰濃度分別為(30.84±10.11)μg/mL及(48.96± 7.02)μg/mL,兩組比較差異有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01)。腫瘤組織內(nèi)藥物濃度水平動(dòng)脈組與靜脈組相似,峰濃度分別為(20.18±9.43)μg/mL和(18.19±10.30)μg/mL,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。動(dòng)靜脈組的血漿及組織藥物峰濃度均在注射藥物結(jié)束時(shí)出現(xiàn)(圖1A~D)。
圖1 兩組大鼠注射吉西他濱及順鉑后血漿及組織藥物濃度曲線
2.2 兩組注射化療藥物后在組織和血漿中藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)比較
兩組注射順鉑后,靜脈組血漿藥物峰濃度明顯高于動(dòng)脈組,其峰濃度分別為(21.64±9.72)μg/mL和(15.13±7.12)μg/mL,兩組比較差異有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01)。動(dòng)脈組用藥后10 min左右還可在血漿中見雙峰現(xiàn)象,第2峰低于第1峰。兩組用藥后組織中藥物峰濃度動(dòng)脈組明顯高于靜脈組,兩組比較差異有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01),因順鉑存在組織吸收過程,靜脈組的組織內(nèi)藥物峰濃度出現(xiàn)于用藥后約28 min。見圖1A、C。
2.3 兩組注射化療藥物后的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)變化
兩組注射化療藥物后的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)有所差異,從表1可以看出,動(dòng)靜脈組藥物注射后,組織內(nèi)藥時(shí)曲線下面積(AUC)值動(dòng)脈組均大于靜脈組;血漿的AUC值動(dòng)脈組均小于靜脈組。兩組注射藥物后,組織內(nèi)的藥物消除速率常數(shù)(β)值動(dòng)脈組明顯低于靜脈組,因藥物在動(dòng)脈組組織內(nèi)滯留時(shí)間延長。
2.4 兩組注射化療藥物后在組織和血漿中峰濃度比值的比較
動(dòng)脈注射吉西他濱后,藥物在組織與血漿中的峰濃度比值為(0.591±0.106),AUC比值為(4.61±2.07);靜脈注射吉西他濱后,藥物在組織與血漿中的峰濃度比值為(0.412±0.045),AUC比值為(2.31±0.961),動(dòng)脈組顯著高于靜脈組(P<0.05)。動(dòng)脈注射順鉑后,藥物在組織與血漿中的峰濃度比值為(0.463±0.165),AUC比值為(3.58±0.625),靜脈注射順鉑后,藥物在組織與血漿中的峰濃度比值為(0.141±0.062),AUC比值為(2.04±1.66),動(dòng)脈組顯著高于靜脈組(P<0.05)。
吉西他濱是目前NSCLC治療最有效的第三代化療藥之一。其作用機(jī)制是在機(jī)體細(xì)胞內(nèi)的核苷激酶作用下生成具有活性的二磷酸核苷(dFdCDP)及三磷酸核苷(dFdCTP),具有抑制細(xì)胞DNA合成的聯(lián)合作用,從而發(fā)揮抗腫瘤作用,主要影響細(xì)胞DNA合成期(S期),阻止細(xì)胞從G1期進(jìn)入S期。順鉑屬細(xì)胞周期非特異性抗腫瘤藥,作用機(jī)制為可將細(xì)胞阻滯于S期,因其與其他抗癌藥物無交叉耐藥性,故常與其他藥物聯(lián)用共同治療腫瘤[5-8]。1998年美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局(FDA)根據(jù)相關(guān)臨床試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,批準(zhǔn)吉西他濱和順鉑聯(lián)合化療作為晚期NSCLC患者一線治療方案。國內(nèi)外多項(xiàng)體內(nèi)外研究證實(shí)吉西他濱與順鉑聯(lián)合用藥可明顯提高生存期,緩解全身癥狀及改善生活質(zhì)量,治療NSCLC效果明顯優(yōu)于以往的常規(guī)化療方案[9-12]。
隨著介入放射學(xué)的發(fā)展,經(jīng)支氣管動(dòng)脈化療目前已成為治療不可切除性中、晚期肺癌的重要手段[13-15]。但肺癌介入治療的化療用藥方案一般為順鉑、絲裂酶素C、5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉素等第二代藥物化療方案[15-16]。吉西他濱動(dòng)脈灌注給藥已經(jīng)廣泛用于肝轉(zhuǎn)移瘤、胰腺癌和膽管腫瘤的介入治療[17-22],但在肺癌的介入治療中鮮有報(bào)道。通過對(duì)肺癌動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究吉西他濱動(dòng)脈用藥與靜脈用藥的藥物代謝動(dòng)力學(xué)研究尚未見報(bào)道。在臨床應(yīng)用中,雖然裸小鼠肺癌模型制作比較成熟,但因其體積小無法行血管造影檢查,不便在血管介入診療領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行深入研究。其他大型動(dòng)物卻成瘤困難。本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用A549肺癌細(xì)胞株建立裸大鼠耳后移植瘤,建造肺癌模型,成瘤率高,便于動(dòng)脈插管,它的成功制作有利于肺癌荷瘤動(dòng)物動(dòng)脈介入實(shí)驗(yàn)的順利開展。
表1 兩組大鼠注射化療藥后的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)(±s)
表1 兩組大鼠注射化療藥后的藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)(±s)
注:*P:兩組血漿樣本各參數(shù)比較P值;**P:兩組組織樣本各參數(shù)比較P值;α:分布速率常數(shù);β:藥物消除速率常數(shù);Cmax(峰濃度)單位:μg/mL;AUC單位:血漿為μg/(min·mL),組織為μg/(min·mL)
組別只數(shù)吉西他濱α(/ m i n)β(/ m i n)CmaxA U C順鉑α(/ m i n)β(/ m i n)CmaxA U C靜脈組血漿組織動(dòng)脈組血漿組織*P值**P值6 6 6 6 0 . 2 8 9 ± 0 . 0 3 4 0 . 4 3 1 ± 0 . 2 7 1 0 . 0 0 4 5 ± 0 . 0 0 1 8 0 . 0 1 7 6 ± 0 . 0 0 7 6 2 8 . 9 6 ± 7 . 0 2 1 8 . 1 9 ± 1 0 . 3 0 7 2 0 ± 2 2 1 1 6 6 3 ± 5 6 8 0 . 0 8 2 ± 0 . 0 6 1 0 . 0 4 8 ± 0 . 0 2 8 0 . 0 0 3 4 ± 0 . 0 0 1 9 0 . 0 0 7 8 ± 0 . 0 0 5 3 2 1 . 6 4 ± 9 . 7 2 3 . 0 4 ± 0 . 1 1 1 6 8 3 ± 4 7 5 1 7 8 0 ± 8 8 3 0 . 2 3 0 ± 0 . 0 2 0 0 . 0 6 0 ± 0 . 0 2 8 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 6 0 . 0 0 7 4 ± 0 . 0 0 5 1 0 . 0 0 4 1 ± 0 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 4 1 0 . 0 0 0 2 0 . 8 4 ± 1 0 . 1 1 2 0 . 1 8 ± 9 . 4 3 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 3 2 5 7 3 ± 1 7 0 2 6 4 1 ± 4 1 1 0 . 0 0 6 0 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 3 8 ± 0 . 0 1 8 0 . 1 5 3 ± 0 . 0 9 2 0 . 0 1 8 0 . 0 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 6 ± 0 . 0 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 0 3 ± 0 . 0 0 0 2 0 . 0 0 2 0 . 0 3 5 1 5 . 1 3 ± 7 . 1 2 6 . 9 8 ± 0 . 3 1 0 . 0 0 3 0 . 0 0 1 8 7 3 ± 2 6 0 6 0 2 5 ± 8 7 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 . 0 0 0
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)脈化療與靜脈化療相比有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢[17,23-25]。首先,動(dòng)脈注射藥物后,靶組織藥物峰濃度較高,滯留時(shí)間也較長,有利于其藥效發(fā)揮,并且動(dòng)脈給藥后血漿藥物峰濃度及AUC值相對(duì)較低,可減少化療藥物全身毒性。局部組織滯留化療藥物的能力是動(dòng)脈給藥的主要優(yōu)勢,而藥物的藥理特性決定化療藥物藥物在組織中的滯留時(shí)間。動(dòng)脈給藥,可使藥物首先從血漿分布至靶組織,再從靶組織進(jìn)入循環(huán)系統(tǒng),分布到其他組織中去;而對(duì)于靜脈注射,化療藥物首先進(jìn)入循環(huán)系統(tǒng),再分布至靶組織。由于動(dòng)脈及靜脈注射藥物經(jīng)歷不同代謝過程,其藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)必然有所差異。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)脈或靜脈注藥后,組織及血漿中藥物濃度出現(xiàn)規(guī)律性變化,可以用兩室模型描述其變化過程。另外,本研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)藥物濃度在血漿分布相快速降低的同時(shí),組織藥物濃度也快速下降,這可能是由于血漿藥物濃度下降加速了藥物從組織向血漿中的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。
吉西他濱和順鉑兩組藥物經(jīng)頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈及尾靜脈注射后,血漿及組織中的濃度變化有不同特點(diǎn)。吉西他濱注射后,血漿及組織峰濃度均在注射結(jié)束后出現(xiàn),藥物分配快。順鉑注射后,靜脈組靶組織內(nèi)藥物峰濃度出現(xiàn)于注射后28 min,而動(dòng)脈組出現(xiàn)于注射完畢時(shí)。可見,順鉑靜脈注射后存在較緩慢的組織吸收過程,這可能與順鉑的蛋白結(jié)合率高及結(jié)合力強(qiáng)有關(guān)。動(dòng)脈注射后,順鉑首先經(jīng)過靶組織,大量游離順鉑快速分布到靶組織中,而靜脈注射后順鉑首先進(jìn)入全身循環(huán)與血漿蛋白結(jié)合,減緩了順鉑在組織的分布速度,并減少其在組織中分布濃度。組織內(nèi)AUC定義為藥物在組織內(nèi)濃度和時(shí)間的乘積,是組織與藥物接觸程度的量化指標(biāo)。藥物在組織內(nèi)的AUC值與峰濃度可作為藥物對(duì)靶組織作用強(qiáng)度的指標(biāo),或作為對(duì)全身作用強(qiáng)度的指標(biāo),也可通過比較靶組織與血漿中藥物的AUC比值及峰濃度反映動(dòng)靜脈用藥的優(yōu)劣。
動(dòng)脈及靜脈注射吉西他濱和順鉑較靜脈注射有不同程度的優(yōu)勢。組織內(nèi)藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)α、β值反映組織內(nèi)藥物向血漿轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的速度,而血漿內(nèi)的α、β值反映藥物從血漿向組織的分布速度及藥物從血漿的消除速度,α、β值與藥物從血漿或組織的排除速度呈正相關(guān)。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),動(dòng)脈注射吉西他濱后,組織內(nèi)α、β值均小于血漿α、β值,表明動(dòng)脈注射優(yōu)勢本質(zhì)上是藥物在組織中的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)速率低于藥物在血漿中的分布及消除速率。動(dòng)脈注射順鉑后,這種優(yōu)勢體現(xiàn)于有更多游離順鉑進(jìn)入靶組織中。若將吉西他濱及順鉑聯(lián)合治療可能有藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)的互補(bǔ)作用。
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Concentratin change of chemotherapeutic agents in plasma and tissue af-ter intraarterial and intravenous injection Gemcitabine and Cisplatin
CAO Jun1,2HE Yang2LIU Hongqiang2WANG Saibo2ZHAO Baocheng2ZHENG Xiaohui2WANG Maowen2CHENG Yingsheng3▲1.Medical College of Soochow University,Jiangsu Province,Suzhou215123,China;2.Department of Interventional oncology,Dahua Hospital of Xuhui District in Shanghai,Shanghai200237,China;3.Department of Radiology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai200233,China
Objective To study the drug concentration change of chemotherapeutic agents in plasma and tissue after arterial and intravenous injection.Methods Gemcitabine and Cisplatin were injected into the 40 mature nude rats with xenografted tumor.The rats were divided into vein injection group and artery injection group randomly.The rats were given Gemcitabine and Cisplatin respectively.Blood samples were collected at 5,10,20,40,80,120,360,720 min after injection and the tumor tissue specimens were collected at 10,40,120,720 min after injection.Gemcitabine concentration in plasma and tumor tissues were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method, while Cisplatin was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)method.The data were analyzed by the pharmacokinetic program.Results Regular concentration change of the three drugs in plasma and tissues were observed after the intravenous and arterial injection,which met the two-compartment model.The pharmacokinetic parameters of the two drugs after intravenous and arterial injection were different.The peak concentration in plasma of artery injection group[Gemcitabine:(20.84±10.11)μg/mL;Cisplatin:(15.13±7.12)μg/mL] were lower than those of the vein injection group[(Gemcitabine:(28.96±7.02)μg/mL;Cisplatin:(21.64±9.72)μg/mL], the peak concentration in tissues of the arterial injections group[Gemcitabine:(20.18±9.43)μg/mL;Cisplatin:(6.98± 0.31)μg/mL]were higher than those of the intravenous injection group[Gemictabine:(18.19±10.30)μg/mL;Cisplation: (3.04±0.11)μg/mL],and area under curve(AUC)value[(Gemcitabine:(2641±411)μg/(min·mL);Cisplatin:(6025±870) μg/(min·mL)],in tissues of the arterial injections group were higher than those of the intravenous injection group [Gemcitabine:(1663±568)μg/(min·mL);Cisplatin:(1780±883)μg/(min·mL)].Conclusion Intraarterial chemotherapy has advantages to intravenous chemotherapy in gemcitabine and cisplatin.These advantages depend on the drug pharmacological properties.
Gemcitabine;Cisplatin;Pharmacokinetics; Intraarterial injection
R730.53
A
1673-7210(2014)11(b)-0008-06
2014-08-07本文編輯:任念)
上海市自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào)12ZR1428900);上海市衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃委員會(huì)青年科研項(xiàng)目(編號(hào)20124Y096)。
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