閻明 劉樹(shù)文 李秋根 楊朋濤 王偉 郭榮榮 白翔 鄧正賓

北京大學(xué)地球與空間科學(xué)學(xué)院,造山帶與地殼演化教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室, 北京 100871

圖1 迷魂陣巖體區(qū)域地質(zhì)簡(jiǎn)圖1-迷魂陣巖體；2-東江口巖體；3-柞水巖體；4-梨園堂巖體；5-上震旦統(tǒng)陡山沱組；6-上震旦統(tǒng)燈影組；7-寒武系；8-奧陶系；9-中泥盆統(tǒng)古道嶺組；10-上泥盆統(tǒng)九里坪組；11-上泥盆統(tǒng)劉嶺組；12-中石炭統(tǒng)鐵廠鋪組；13-斷層；14-主要村鎮(zhèn)；15-取樣位置Fig.1 Regional geological map of the Mihunzhen pluton in southern Qinling tectonic belt, Central China

橫亙中國(guó)中部的秦嶺造山帶是連接華北克拉通和華南克拉通的主要造山帶(張國(guó)偉等，2001)，向東與大別-蘇魯超高壓變質(zhì)帶相連，其西與祁連-昆侖造山帶相接。秦嶺造山帶經(jīng)歷了多期復(fù)雜構(gòu)造演化歷史，記錄了華北克拉通與華南克拉通的拼合，是典型的復(fù)合型大陸造山帶(劉樹(shù)文等，2011；孫衛(wèi)東等，2000；張國(guó)偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011a, b, c, 2012a, b; Lai and Zhang, 1996; Laietal., 2004a, b; Liuetal., 2011; Meng and Zhang, 1999, 2000; Ratschbacheretal., 2003; Sun and Li, 1998; Sunetal., 2002; Yangetal., 2011, 2012; Zhangetal., 1996, 2011)。

前人將秦嶺造山帶劃分為6個(gè)近東西向分布的構(gòu)造單元，從北向南依次為：華北克拉通南緣，北秦嶺構(gòu)造帶，商州-丹鳳斷裂帶，南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶，勉縣-略陽(yáng)斷裂帶，揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣(圖1) (劉樹(shù)文等，2011；秦江鋒等，2005，2007；秦江峰和賴少聰，2011；張國(guó)偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011a, b, c, 2012a, b; Jiangetal., 2010; Liuetal., 2011; Mattaueretal., 1985; Meng and Zhang, 1999, 2000; Qinetal., 2007, 2008a, b, 2010a, b; Zhangetal., 1996)。

北秦嶺構(gòu)造帶位于洛南-欒川斷裂和商州-丹鳳斷裂帶之間(陳岳龍等，1995)，主要由前寒武地塊、新元古代-早古生代蛇綠巖套、早古生代中級(jí)變質(zhì)的沉積巖-火山巖、古生代-早中生代花崗質(zhì)侵入體組成(劉樹(shù)文等，2011；張國(guó)偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011a, b; Lietal., 2009; Liuetal., 2011; Qinetal., 2010a; Yangetal., 2012)。南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶位于商州-丹鳳斷裂帶和勉縣-略陽(yáng)斷裂帶之間，發(fā)育大量晚古生代沉積巖系，少量上古生界-下三疊系沉積巖系及三疊紀(jì)-侏羅紀(jì)早期花崗質(zhì)侵入體(劉樹(shù)文等，2011；張國(guó)偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011b; Liuetal., 2011; Mattaueretal., 1985; Qinetal., 2010a, b; Yangetal., 2012)。 揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣主要由一套新元古代火山-沉積巖和大量的花崗質(zhì)侵入巖組成(劉樹(shù)文等，2011；Liuetal., 2011)。商州-丹鳳斷裂帶作為分隔南、北秦嶺構(gòu)造帶的邊界斷層，記錄了新元古代和晚古生代北向的俯沖-碰撞事件(張國(guó)偉等，2001；王宗起等，2009)。勉縣-略陽(yáng)斷裂帶則被認(rèn)為代表了古特提斯洋北支的閉合的主要構(gòu)造帶(張國(guó)偉等，2001; Laietal., 2004a, b; Lai and Zhang, 1996; Meng and Zhang, 1999, 2000)。

圖2 迷魂陣巖體野外地質(zhì)特征及手標(biāo)本照片(a)-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖-二長(zhǎng)花崗巖脈侵入到小磨嶺雜巖中；(b)-石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖脈侵入到閃長(zhǎng)巖之中；(c)-閃長(zhǎng)巖中有浸染狀磁黃鐵礦、黃銅礦Fig.2 Field and specimen photos of the Mihunzhen pluton

近年來(lái)，在南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶內(nèi)陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)大量的中-新元古代的老地塊，主要由變質(zhì)火山-沉積巖系和古深成侵入體構(gòu)成，主要分布于漢南一帶, 以及沿著柞水-山陽(yáng)斷裂南部出露的陡嶺巖群等，其中漢南一帶的新元古代深成侵入體表現(xiàn)出較弱的變形和變質(zhì)特征(陸松年等，2004)。然而，目前對(duì)南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶中柞水-山陽(yáng)地區(qū)出露的中-新元古代古深成侵入體的認(rèn)識(shí)還欠深入，制約了對(duì)南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶構(gòu)造演化的理解和認(rèn)識(shí)。小磨嶺地區(qū)出露的前寒武紀(jì)巖塊與鄰區(qū)佛坪、武當(dāng)?shù)鹊氐墓爬蠋r塊共同構(gòu)成了南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶前寒武紀(jì)老陸塊,其巖性組成較為復(fù)雜，主要出露有基性火山巖、輝長(zhǎng)巖、輝綠巖和中酸性侵入巖體。本文對(duì)其中的迷魂陣巖體進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的地質(zhì)學(xué)、巖石學(xué)、鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)和Lu-Hf同位素的系統(tǒng)研究，目的在于確定其巖石成因和區(qū)域構(gòu)造意義，為深入理解南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶的形成與演化提供老地塊方面的依據(jù)。

1 地質(zhì)背景和巖體特征

迷魂陣巖體主要出露于柞水縣南，在柞水-山陽(yáng)斷裂北部，西與東江口巖體相鄰，東至柞水地區(qū)的磨溝峽和小嶺鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)。該巖體呈近東西向展布，呈長(zhǎng)橢圓形，向東被斷裂分割，面積約140km2(圖1)。巖體的南緣侵入到中級(jí)變質(zhì)的小磨嶺雜巖中，其北部、西部、東部與泥盆系地層相鄰，表現(xiàn)為擠壓破碎或斷層接觸(圖1)。中生代梨園堂似斑狀二長(zhǎng)花崗巖-鉀長(zhǎng)花崗巖巖體侵入其中。迷魂陣巖體的巖石類型包括閃長(zhǎng)巖、石英閃長(zhǎng)巖、花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖和少量二長(zhǎng)花崗巖，主要由兩期巖漿活動(dòng)形成，早期階段的閃長(zhǎng)巖分布面積較大，其中含細(xì)粒閃長(zhǎng)巖包體。晚期階段的巖石主要分布在巖體的中部及東部，以石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖為主，伴有少量的二長(zhǎng)花崗巖，三者之間為漸變過(guò)渡關(guān)系，侵入到早期階段的閃長(zhǎng)巖之中(圖2a, b)。其中閃長(zhǎng)巖通常發(fā)生磁黃鐵礦化和銅礦化, 磁黃鐵礦和黃銅礦以浸染狀或微細(xì)脈狀產(chǎn)出(圖2c)。

迷魂陣巖體的南部圍巖是小磨嶺雜巖的火山-沉積巖系。該巖系主要由基性火山巖、陸源碎屑巖、輝長(zhǎng)-輝綠巖，閃長(zhǎng)巖和花崗巖，多遭受綠片巖相-低角閃巖相變質(zhì)作用，之上被上震旦統(tǒng)陡山沱組和燈影組不整合覆蓋。它們均被泥盆系和少量寒武系-奧陶系-石炭系沉積蓋層覆蓋，以斷裂或斷裂帶接觸(楊釗等，2008)。陡山沱組下部為砂礫巖，上部為石英砂巖、鈣質(zhì)砂巖與微粒灰?guī)r互層。劉鵬舉等(2009)對(duì)陡山沱組中部暴露間斷面之下火山巖進(jìn)行了鋯石SHRIMP U-Pb年齡測(cè)定，獲得了陡山沱組的沉積時(shí)代為614±8Ma；燈影組下部為白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r、白云巖夾少量薄層狀含泥質(zhì)微?；?guī)r，上部為厚層硅質(zhì)白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r及白云巖。顯生宙蓋層從底部到頂部依次為寒武系()炭質(zhì)千枚巖、鋁土質(zhì)頁(yè)巖、泥質(zhì)白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r、硅質(zhì)白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r；奧陶系(O)白云質(zhì)結(jié)晶灰?guī)r、燧石灰?guī)r夾泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r條帶；中泥盆統(tǒng)(D2)古道嶺組黑云母石英片巖、結(jié)晶灰?guī)r、石英巖、炭質(zhì)硅質(zhì)巖及大理巖；上泥盆統(tǒng)(D3)九里坪組砂質(zhì)板巖、變質(zhì)砂巖、鈣質(zhì)板巖與泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r；中石炭統(tǒng)(C2)鐵廠鋪群千枚巖、鈣質(zhì)千枚巖及灰?guī)r。

研究區(qū)北部、西部、東部主要為泥盆紀(jì)劉嶺群沉積巖系(圖1)，由上泥盆統(tǒng)桐峪寺組和下東溝組、中泥盆統(tǒng)牛耳川組、池溝組和青石埡組組成。桐峪寺組為一套淺海相沉積建造，主要由石英砂巖、石英長(zhǎng)石砂巖、鈣質(zhì)砂巖和石灰?guī)r組成。下東溝組、牛耳川組、池溝組和青石埡組為潮坪相組合，下東溝組主要由泥質(zhì)板巖、鈣質(zhì)粉砂巖和泥質(zhì)粉砂巖組成；牛耳川組主要由細(xì)粒砂巖、粉砂巖、泥-砂質(zhì)板巖和少量白云石灰?guī)r組成；池溝組主要由細(xì)粒砂巖、泥質(zhì)粉砂巖、鈣質(zhì)泥巖和石灰?guī)r組成；青石埡組由粉砂巖、泥巖和石灰?guī)r組成(杜定漢，1986；閆臻等，2007；Yanetal., 2006, 2012)。

圖3 迷魂陣巖體樣品顯微照片(正交偏光)Ser-絹云母；Bt-黑云母；Amp-角閃石；Pl-斜長(zhǎng)石；Kfs-鉀長(zhǎng)石；Q-石英；Mt-磁鐵礦Fig.3 Micrographs of samples from the Mihunzhen pluton (cross polarized light)Ser-sericite; Bt-biotite; Amp-amphibole; Pl-plagioclase; Kfs-K-feldspar; Q-quartz; Mt-magnetite

2 樣品特征及分析方法

2.1 樣品特征描述

本文選擇3件代表性樣品進(jìn)行了LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb同位素年代學(xué)分析，其中樣品08LY2-8采于姜家溝，為迷魂陣巖體早期階段的閃長(zhǎng)巖，地理坐標(biāo)為N33°36′24″，E109°04′10″；樣品08LY6-1取自磨溝峽，為晚期階段的石英閃長(zhǎng)巖，地理坐標(biāo)為N33°35′52″，E109°09′55″；樣品08LY8-3取自小嶺鎮(zhèn)附近，為晚期階段的花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖，地理坐標(biāo)為N33°34′33″，E109°15′45″。

早期階段侵位的閃長(zhǎng)巖為中-細(xì)粒半自形粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)，塊狀構(gòu)造，主要礦物為斜長(zhǎng)石(50%～55%)、鉀長(zhǎng)石(2%～5%)、角閃石(20%～25%)、輝石(5%～10%)、石英(1%～3%)，副礦物為鋯石、磷灰石(圖3a)。晚期階段侵位的石英閃長(zhǎng)巖的結(jié)構(gòu)為中粒，半自形粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)，塊狀構(gòu)造，其中斜長(zhǎng)石(55%～60%)、鉀長(zhǎng)石(～5%)、角閃石(15%～20%)、黑云母(5%)、石英(10%～15%)，副礦物為磁鐵礦、鋯石、磷灰石(圖3b)；花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖為中-粗粒不等粒花崗結(jié)構(gòu)，塊狀構(gòu)造，主要礦物為斜長(zhǎng)石(45%～50%)、石英(15%～20%)、鉀長(zhǎng)石(10%)，暗色礦物為黑云母(10%)和角閃石(5%)，副礦物為磁鐵礦、鋯石、磷灰石(圖3c)。

2.2 分析方法

各樣品的鋯石單礦物分離是在河北區(qū)測(cè)隊(duì)(廊坊)完成，將大約5kg重的樣品破碎到60～80目，經(jīng)常規(guī)浮選和磁選方法分選后，在雙目鏡下挑純。將挑純的鋯石顆粒粘在雙面膠上，然后用無(wú)色透明的環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂固定，待環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂充分固化后拋磨至粒徑的大約二分之一，使鋯石內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)充分暴露，然后進(jìn)行鋯石顯微(反射光、透射光和CL圖像)照相。鋯石的顯微照相在北京大學(xué)電子學(xué)系及物理學(xué)系掃描電鏡上完成。

鋯石的U-Th-Pb及Lu-Hf同位素測(cè)試均在西北大學(xué)大陸動(dòng)力學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成。鋯石定年分析所用的ICP-MS是Agilient公司最新一代的帶有Shield Torch的Agilient 7500a。原位鋯石Lu-Hf同位素測(cè)定采用Nu Plasma HR (Wrexham, UK)多接收電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜儀完成(MC-ICP-MS)。采用的激光剝蝕系統(tǒng)為德國(guó)MicroLas公司生產(chǎn)的GeoLas200M, 該系統(tǒng)由德國(guó)Lambda Physik公司的ComPex102 Excimer激光器(波長(zhǎng)193nm)與MicroLas公司的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)組成(第五春榮等，2008，2010)。

圖4 閃長(zhǎng)巖(08LY2-8)的鋯石特征和U-Pb年齡圖Fig.4 The zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram and CL images of representative zircon grains from early diorite sample (08LY2-8)

3 分析結(jié)果

3.1 鋯石U-Pb年齡

3.1.1 樣品08LY2-8(閃長(zhǎng)巖)

樣品08LY2-8為迷魂陣巖體早期階段侵位的閃長(zhǎng)巖，共對(duì)其進(jìn)行了25顆鋯石25個(gè)點(diǎn)的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。CL圖像顯示大多數(shù)鋯石顆粒為半自形-自形短柱狀晶形，長(zhǎng)度在100～200μm之間，長(zhǎng)寬比在1:1到2:1之間，具有震蕩環(huán)帶或扇形帶，應(yīng)屬于巖漿成因鋯石(圖4)。其Th/U比為0.45～0.96，206Pb/238U表觀年齡為876～892Ma(表1)。在207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U的諧和圖(圖4)上，所有分析點(diǎn)全部落在諧和線上或者附近，其206Pb/238U加權(quán)平均年齡為885±4Ma(圖4)，MSWD=0.14，代表了早期階段閃長(zhǎng)質(zhì)巖漿侵位年齡。

3.1.2 樣品08LY6-1(石英閃長(zhǎng)巖)

樣品08LY6-1為迷魂陣巖體晚期階段侵位的石英閃長(zhǎng)巖，共對(duì)其進(jìn)行了18顆鋯石18個(gè)點(diǎn)的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。在CL圖像中這些被分析的鋯石表現(xiàn)為灰黑色，不具備明顯的振蕩環(huán)帶，多數(shù)為長(zhǎng)柱狀，長(zhǎng)度在80～300μm之間，顆粒的長(zhǎng)寬比變化較大，為3:2～7:2，其Th/U比0.91～1.21，為巖漿鋯石。其206Pb/238U表觀年齡比較集中，為734～749Ma(表1)。在207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U構(gòu)建的諧和圖中(圖5)，分析點(diǎn)均落于諧和線上，獲得的206Pb/238U加權(quán)平均年齡為740±4Ma(圖5)，MSWD=0.20，代表晚期階段巖漿侵位年齡。

表1鋯石U-Th-Pb同位素分析數(shù)據(jù)和年齡值

Table 1 Analytical data of zircon U-Th-Pb isotopes and age values

測(cè)點(diǎn)號(hào)Th/U207Pb/206Pb1σ207Pb/235U1σ206Pb/238U1σ207Pb/235U年齡(Ma)1σ206Pb/238U年齡(Ma)1σ閃長(zhǎng)巖08LY2?8?01051006457000096132212003258014627000182847148801008LY2?8?02048006521000087132015003066014682000178855138831008LY2?8?0309600654200007613259800275701459000172853128781008LY2?8?0407100669000089134975003121014632000178867138801008LY2?8?050490067940000913815900319014748000179881148871008LY2?8?060710064710000913318400312401470200018851148841008LY2?8?07079006352000085132655002992014689000178840138841008LY2?8?0804500701200008214220800302014708000175898138851008LY2?8?09078006562000083134294002994014787000178862138891008LY2?8?10077006413000092132941003175014695000181845148841008LY2?8?1105100665000098134185003337014634000181864148801008LY2?8?12052006838000106138597003588014698000185883158841008LY2?8?13067006675000104136009003525014777000186872158881008LY2?8?14062006611000099134501003396014754000184865158871008LY2?8?1508006789000103138427003509014787000184882158891008LY2?8?16083006679000119136634003899014835000193875178921108LY2?8?17053006792000118138737003893014814000191884178911108LY2?8?18046006677000121136008003933014772000193872178881108LY2?8?1904500682900011813907200387701476900019885168881108LY2?8?20076007077000127143825004151014737000193905178861108LY2?8?21069006726000126136473004049014715000194874178851108LY2?8?22051006806000302136516008255014547000262874358761508LY2?8?230730066850001351365030042880148090002874188901108LY2?8?2408300668500012913567004127014718000196870188851108LY2?8?25047007010001361430460043770147980001989021889011石英閃長(zhǎng)巖08LY6?1?01114005859000139105319002301217100014769612737808LY6?1?0211100585600015710512200258601215400015169513739908LY6?1?0310600592700014210651400235101216900014670212737808LY6?1?0411500582700013110518300217401222300014469511743808LY6?1?0512100588100013510611500224501221900014570011743808LY6?1?06110057740001410341200229101213300014468712738808LY6?1?07116006180001710993800275101205300014971814734908LY6?1?0811800586900013210552200216401218300014169711741808LY6?1?0912600583600013610431900220901211600014169111737808LY6?1?1009100607500017711033000291801231200015472015749908LY6?1?111180059220001510719800245601227500014670512746808LY6?1?1211400601700016310835700264801221200014871013743808LY6?1?131190058670001541044860024670120800014469213735808LY6?1?1412100603300016810751500265501210100014670613736808LY6?1?151180058200016410407200260801214400014669013739808LY6?1?161190060500016410813000258401214100014470913739808LY6?1?171150058500018210458700288601214700015169215739908LY6?1?1811800603000171108287002688012204000146710147428花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖08LY8?3?011540061020001510018300362801190600016470518725908LY8?3?021300688000213115301005113012153000191779247391108LY8?3?0308800661100007811223200235701230900014276411748808LY8?3?0414300626300016710558004101012223000175732207431008LY8?3?051470126770002082081370057260119040001621143197259

續(xù)表1

Continued Table 1

測(cè)點(diǎn)號(hào)Th/U207Pb/206Pb1σ207Pb/235U1σ206Pb/238U1σ207Pb/235U年齡(Ma)1σ206Pb/238U年齡(Ma)1σ08LY8?3?061300616700014109768600334601148300015669217701908LY8?3?070760061200010110255100274301214800015171714739908LY8?3?080900633000091066330025701221300014873713743908LY8?3?09159006129000123102376003201210900016171616737908LY8?3?1013700607700016810076200405301202000178708207321008LY8?3?1112800609100013510277500347012233000169718177441008LY8?3?12102005911000163099791003935011994000179693207301008LY8?3?132130060140001251020190031901196300016370016728908LY8?3?1417500657700017110212004255012149000183754217391108LY8?3?1510600708100016116662004159012254000177799197451008LY8?3?1615400611900016096873003798011483000177688207011008LY8?3?1711400593000165097055003997011871000187689217231108LY8?3?18149005832000152103944003825012182000189693207411108LY8?3?19094006144000161103154004059012181000191720207411108LY8?3?2015900591000162099749004051012123000195697217381108LY8?3?2111005965000162101092004038012054000195699217341108LY8?3?221090056660002101384004788012089000218675257361308LY8?3?2317200593100019310221004711012140002137002473912

圖5 石英閃長(zhǎng)巖(08LY06-1)的鋯石特征和U-Pb年齡圖Fig.5 The zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram and CL images of representative zircon grains from late quartz diorite sample (08LY06-1)

3.1.3 樣品08LY8-3(花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖)

圖6 花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖(08LY8-3)的鋯石特征和U-Pb年齡圖Fig.6 The zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram and CL images of representative zircon grains from late granodiorite sample (08LY8-3)

樣品08LY8-3為迷魂陣巖體晚期侵位的花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖，共對(duì)其進(jìn)行了23顆鋯石23個(gè)點(diǎn)的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。鋯石在CL圖像中表現(xiàn)為短柱狀，具備明顯的振蕩環(huán)帶，長(zhǎng)度在100～200μm之間，顆粒的長(zhǎng)寬比變化不大，為1:1～3:2，其Th/U比0.76～2.13，為巖漿鋯石。其中分析點(diǎn)5遠(yuǎn)離諧和線，分析點(diǎn)6和16給出較小的206Pb/238U表觀年齡701Ma，并表現(xiàn)為不諧和，故年齡計(jì)算中沒(méi)有使用。其它20個(gè)分析點(diǎn)的206Pb/238U表觀年齡為723～748Ma(表1)，在207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U諧和圖(圖6)中均落于諧和線上及其附近，獲得了737±4Ma的206Pb/238U加權(quán)平均年齡(圖6)，MSWD=0.50，代表該樣品巖漿侵位年齡，與石英閃長(zhǎng)巖的侵位年齡在誤差范圍內(nèi)一致，因此迷魂陣巖體中石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖的形成時(shí)代為740±4Ma。

表2 LA-MC-ICPMS鋯石Lu-Hf同位素分析結(jié)果

Table 2 LA-MC-ICPMS zircon Lu-Hf isotopic compositions

測(cè)點(diǎn)號(hào)Age(Ma)176Yb/177Hf176Lu/177Hf176Hf/177Hf2s176Hf/177HfiεHf(0)εHf(t)tDM(Ma)fLu/Hf閃長(zhǎng)巖08LY2?8?108LY2?8?208LY2?8?308LY2?8?408LY2?8?508LY2?8?608LY2?8?708LY2?8?808LY2?8?908LY2?8?1008LY2?8?1108LY2?8?1208LY2?8?1308LY2?8?1408LY2?8?1508LY2?8?1608LY2?8?1708LY2?8?1808LY2?8?1908LY2?8?2008LY2?8?2108LY2?8?2208LY2?8?2308LY2?8?2408LY2?8?2588500133150016358004230300200430017149001585000260650018466002562100245490021516001807800196670022915002990400296070015575001664700236860021313002049300130090019696003422300159330000535000067100016070000766000068300006250000959000073200009360000895000081700006820000738000086800011300001072000059300006390000937000076700007520000487000070400011930000606028253102824170282514028251002825710282513028248902824190282502028247702825740282514028247202825340282507028251802824730282477028252002825480282499028256702824920282538028252500000310000034000003200000260000027000003300000260000023000002400000280000021000002700000210000024000002400000250000020000002200000250000024000001900000210000026000002600000220282521899028240581902824869240282497423028255976602825021990282472655028240691202824868260282462233028256084028250238302824593560282519808028248853402825006102824627910282466737028250456602825349930282486602028255903102824799770282517957028251513-85-126-91-93-71-92-100-125-95-104-70-91-106-84-94-90-106-104-89-79-96-72-99-83-8710766959912110090679586121100851079610086881011129512193106105100811701061104395510351078116910581093954103510961012105710401090108510339901058956106710161017-098-098-095-098-098-098-097-098-097-097-098-098-098-097-097-097-098-098-097-098-098-099-098-096-098石英閃長(zhǎng)巖08LY6?1?208LY6?1?308LY6?1?408LY6?1?508LY6?1?608LY6?1?708LY6?1?808LY6?1?908LY6?1?1008LY6?1?1108LY6?1?1208LY6?1?1308LY6?1?1408LY6?1?1508LY6?1?1608LY6?1?1708LY6?1?1874000355970001292028246800000240282450347-107501117-09600360740001293028244200000300282423919-117401154-09600430240001518028237200000340282350704-142141260-09500442680001599028250400000320282481604-95611075-09500434230001577028244500000320282422665-116401159-09500406360001468028241200000380282392043-127291201-09600413350001486028258600000290282565047-6690955-09600454320001660028253600000300282512672-84721031-09500565410002013028256900000310282540518-7282994-09400264120000965028244700000250282433398-115441137-09700495860001782028243700000330282412409-118361176-09500424460001522028243800000300282416852-118381167-09500444950001590028255500000350282532639-77791002-09500396240001426028251700000310282496909-90661052-09600464460001666028249800000240282474691-97581086-09500396660001439028245600000280282435681-112441139-09600474520001689028245500000300282431456-112431148-095

3.2 鋯石Hf同位素

根據(jù)樣品地質(zhì)和鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)特征，對(duì)分別代表先后兩個(gè)不同階段的樣品08LY2-8和08LY6-1進(jìn)行了鋯石原位Lu-Hf 同位素的測(cè)試，數(shù)據(jù)列于表2，并表示于圖7。

圖7 迷魂陣巖體Hf同位素特征(a)-閃長(zhǎng)巖(08LY2-8)；(b)-石英閃長(zhǎng)巖(08LY6-1)Fig.7 In-situ zircon Hf isotopic data of Mihunzhen pluton(a)-diorite (08LY2-8); (b)-quartz diorite (08LY6-1)

早期階段侵位的閃長(zhǎng)巖樣品08LY2-8共進(jìn)行了25個(gè)點(diǎn)的Lu-Hf同位素分析，用樣品的結(jié)晶年齡(885Ma)對(duì)176Hf/177Hf和εHf(t)值進(jìn)行校正，得出閃長(zhǎng)巖的初始176Hf/177Hf值為0.0282406～0.0282561，εHf(t)值為+6.6～+12.1，平均值為+9.8，Hf同位素模式年齡(tDM)為955～1170Ma，平均值為1047Ma，與巖漿結(jié)晶年齡接近(圖7a)，揭示了閃長(zhǎng)質(zhì)巖漿主要源于虧損地幔，巖漿侵位結(jié)晶過(guò)程中可能受到了地殼物質(zhì)的混染。

晚期階段侵位的石英閃長(zhǎng)巖樣品08LY6-1共進(jìn)行了18個(gè)點(diǎn)的Lu-Hf 同位素分析，用740Ma的結(jié)晶年齡校正后的初始176Hf/177Hf值為0.0282351～0.0282565，εHf(t)值為+1.4～+9.0，平均值為+5.0，tDM為955～1260Ma，平均值為1119Ma(圖7b)，表現(xiàn)出以虧損地幔源巖漿為主受到了元古代地殼物質(zhì)的混染。

4 討論

3個(gè)樣品的LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb定年結(jié)果表明迷魂陣巖體形成于兩個(gè)巖漿階段，早期巖漿階段形成閃長(zhǎng)巖，其年齡為885±4Ma；晚期巖漿階段形成石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖，時(shí)代為～740±4Ma。早期階段侵入的閃長(zhǎng)巖的年齡與出露于揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣的銅廠閃長(zhǎng)巖體侵位時(shí)代(879±7Ma，王偉等，2010；Wangetal., 2012)基本一致，位于揚(yáng)子陸塊核部的三斗坪英云閃長(zhǎng)巖具有795±8Ma的結(jié)晶年齡，五堵門巖體英云閃長(zhǎng)巖侵位于789±10Ma(凌文黎，2006)。這些年代學(xué)證據(jù)說(shuō)明南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶內(nèi)的一些老地塊與楊子克拉通北緣及內(nèi)部新元古代時(shí)期有相似的巖漿活動(dòng)歷史，因此南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶內(nèi)一些老地塊或者屬于楊子克拉通新元古代結(jié)晶基底的一部分，或者是從揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣分離出來(lái)的老地塊。Lietal.(2008)指出Rodinia超大陸拼合于1100～900Ma，之后約40Myr (860～750Ma)，地幔物質(zhì)上涌，誘發(fā)相關(guān)的的大陸裂谷作用和地幔柱活動(dòng)。迷魂陣巖體的形成時(shí)間與Rodinia超大陸的主要裂解時(shí)期不一致，可能形成于新元古代與俯沖相關(guān)的伸展背景 (耿元生等, 2008; 劉樹(shù)文等, 2009a, b; Zhouetal., 2002, 2006; Zhao and Zhou, 2009; Zhaoetal., 2010, 2011)。

在εHf(t)-年齡圖解中(圖7)，早期階段的閃長(zhǎng)巖樣品(08LY2-8)的εHf(t)值范圍+6.6～+12.1，平均值為+9.8，接近虧損地幔演化線，說(shuō)明早期階段巖漿主要來(lái)自于虧損地幔物質(zhì)的部分熔融。而晚期階段石英閃長(zhǎng)巖樣品(08LY06-1)的εHf(t)范圍為+1.4～+9.0，仍說(shuō)明虧損地幔是巖漿的主要來(lái)源之一，而殼源物質(zhì)可能是制約巖漿作用的另一個(gè)重要因素，或者形成于早期階段閃長(zhǎng)質(zhì)巖漿的結(jié)晶分異，之后又經(jīng)地殼物質(zhì)的混染，或者形成于閃長(zhǎng)質(zhì)結(jié)晶分異的巖漿與殼源巖漿的混合作用。

5 結(jié)論

通過(guò)對(duì)迷魂陣巖體LA-MC-ICPMS鋯石U-Pb同位素年代學(xué)、Lu-Hf同位素分析，本文得出以下認(rèn)識(shí)：

(1)迷魂陣巖體主要由閃長(zhǎng)巖、石英閃長(zhǎng)巖和花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖組成，形成于兩個(gè)巖漿作用階段，早期階段的閃長(zhǎng)巖的形成時(shí)代為885±4Ma，晚期階段的石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖的形成時(shí)代為～740±4Ma。

(2)早期閃長(zhǎng)質(zhì)巖漿主要來(lái)源于虧損地幔的部分熔融，晚期石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖巖漿主要形成于早期閃長(zhǎng)質(zhì)巖漿的結(jié)晶分異，并經(jīng)歷了地殼物質(zhì)的混染或者來(lái)源于殼源巖漿的混合作用。

致謝樣品的LA-ICPMS鋯石U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素測(cè)試得到了西北大學(xué)大陸動(dòng)力學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室袁洪林教授的支持和幫助；主微量元素測(cè)試獲得了北京大學(xué)造山帶與地殼演化教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室楊斌老師、古麗冰老師的幫助；在此一并表示衷心的感謝。

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