岑英文
(中山市中醫(yī)院急診科,廣東 中山 528400)
每搏量變異度在重癥肺炎患者液體管理中的臨床作用研究
岑英文
(中山市中醫(yī)院急診科,廣東 中山 528400)
目的分析每搏變異率(stroke volume variation,SVV)在重癥肺炎患者液體治療中的作用。方法 病例來源于我院重癥醫(yī)學(xué)科2012年1月至2013年3月期間,使用容量控制模式且呼吸末正壓(PEEP<10 cm H2O)的重癥肺炎患者共40例,隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和試驗(yàn)組,各20例。試驗(yàn)組采用脈搏指示劑連續(xù)心排血量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)(PiCCO)指導(dǎo)液體管理,方法如下:當(dāng)SVV>10%,補(bǔ)液,反之則限制補(bǔ)液;對(duì)照組采用中心靜脈壓(CVP)指導(dǎo)液體管理,方法如下:CVP<15 cm H2O,補(bǔ)液,反之限制補(bǔ)液。記錄各組的氧合指數(shù)(PaO2/FiO2)、血乳酸(Lac)、混合靜脈血氧飽和度(SCVO2)、肺部感染評(píng)分(CPIS)、呼吸機(jī)使用時(shí)間、ICU住院天數(shù)、各個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)液體出入量等情況。結(jié)果兩組患者治療前的一般情況比較無差異(P>0.05)。治療后兩組氧合指數(shù)均有改善,與對(duì)照組比較,試驗(yàn)組在第48、72小時(shí)的氧合指數(shù)改善明顯(P<0.05)。試驗(yàn)組的SCVO2在治療24 h即明顯升高,而對(duì)照組僅在第72小時(shí)時(shí)超過70%,與對(duì)照組比較,試驗(yàn)組各個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的SCVO2改善明顯(P<0.05)。Lac含量各組均呈下降趨勢(shì),與對(duì)照組比較,試驗(yàn)組的Lac個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)下降明顯(P<0.05)。試驗(yàn)組的呼吸機(jī)使用時(shí)間和ICU住院時(shí)間均比對(duì)照組明顯縮短(P<0.05)。治療開始時(shí)兩組補(bǔ)液量均較多,在第48 、72小時(shí)的液體平衡量均明顯下降(P<0.05),且與對(duì)照組的3個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)比較,試驗(yàn)組的液體平衡量均明顯少于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論SVV可較好指導(dǎo)重癥肺炎患者液體管理,改善臨床癥狀及氧合、氧供情況,縮短治療時(shí)間。
每搏變異率;重癥肺炎;液體
重癥肺炎出現(xiàn)血壓下降時(shí)的液體復(fù)蘇治療十分重要。如何適度液體復(fù)蘇更為關(guān)鍵,過量液體治療可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致容量負(fù)荷過重,出現(xiàn)肺間質(zhì)及肺泡水腫,加重心肺衰竭。我們通過SVV評(píng)估機(jī)械通氣的重癥肺炎患者的液體治療,旨在觀察是否可通過SVV這一指標(biāo)評(píng)估機(jī)體的液體狀況。
1.1 病例來源及分組方案
病例來源于2012年1月至2013年3月間我院重癥醫(yī)學(xué)科的需要機(jī)械通氣(采用容量控制通氣、PEEP<10 cm H2O) 的重癥肺炎患者,年齡在40~75歲,性別不限。重癥肺炎診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按2007年美國胸科學(xué)會(huì)及感染學(xué)會(huì)制定的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[1]。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):出現(xiàn)多個(gè)器官功能衰竭者;嚴(yán)重心律失常者;惡性腫瘤、血液病者。所有患者按重癥肺炎的常規(guī)治療方法。按上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共納入合格病例40例,按隨機(jī)方法分為對(duì)照組和試驗(yàn)組,各20例。試驗(yàn)組采用脈搏指示劑連續(xù)心排血量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù) (PiCCO)指導(dǎo)液體管理,方法如下:當(dāng)SVV>10%,補(bǔ)液,反之則限制補(bǔ)液;對(duì)照組采用中心靜脈壓(CVP)指導(dǎo)液體管理,方法如下:CVP<15 cm H2O,補(bǔ)液,反之限制補(bǔ)液。
1.2 觀察指標(biāo)
記錄各組患者的氧合指數(shù)、血乳酸含量、混合靜脈血氧飽和度、肺部感染評(píng)分、呼吸機(jī)使用時(shí)間、ICU住院天數(shù)、各個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)液體出入量等情況。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法
采用SPSS l5.0軟件包進(jìn)行分析處理。計(jì)量資料采用(表示,組間t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料采用卡方檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有顯著性,有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 一般情況比較
兩組間的年齡、性別比較無差異(P>0.05);組間治療前的疾病嚴(yán)重程度評(píng)分、肺部感染評(píng)分、血乳酸、氧合指數(shù)等比較,均無顯著性差異(P>0.05),見表1。
表1 兩組一般情況比較APACHEⅡ CPIS Lac(mmol/L)PaO2/FiO2SCVO2(%)試驗(yàn)組 21.1±5.6 1.6±0.8 6.7±1.5 86.2±10.3 52.3±9.5對(duì)照組 20.9±5.7 1.5±0.9 6.6±1.6 87.1±11.1 51.2±9.6
The Effect of SVV on Fluid Administration for Severe Pneumonia Patients
CEN Ying-wen
(Department of Emergency, Zhongshan TCM Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, China)
ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of SVV on fluid administration for severe pneumonia patients.Methods40 cases of severe pneumonia patients admitted to our hospital ICU department during 2012.1-2013.3 were included, Using the volume control mode and PEEP <10 cm H2O, they were randomly divided into control group(n=20)and treatment group(n=20). pulse-induced contour cardiac output(PiCCO)was used for the treatment group, and the method of CVP was for the control one. Oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), blood lactate (Lac), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SCVO2), pulmonary infection score (CPIS), ventilation time, ICU length of stay, at each time point liquid intake and so on were recorded for two groups.ResultsThere is no significant difference in the common charateristics between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The oxygenation index increased in both groups, with much higher in the treatment group compared with control group in 48 h and 72 h(P<0.05). As well as the SCVO2increased at 24 h in the treatment group compared with the control group. The Lac value at mulitiple time-points in treatment group was decreased (P<0.05). there was significant difference in the ICU stay, Duration of mechanical ventilation between two groups (P<0.05). The intake of fluid decreased at 48 h and 72 h compared with the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionsSVV is helpful for severe pneumonia patients to management fluid, improve clinical symptoms and oxygenation, oxygen supply situation, shorten treatment time.
SVV; Severe pneumonia; Fluid
R563.1
B
1671-8194(2014)11-0047-02