潘曉娜, 方志剛, 龍梓潔, 陳家杰, 劉玲玲, 范蕊芳, 林東軍
(中山大學(xué)附屬第三醫(yī)院血液科,中山大學(xué)血液病研究所,廣東 廣州 510630)
上調(diào)c-myc基因的表達(dá)對U937白血病細(xì)胞的影響
潘曉娜▲, 方志剛▲, 龍梓潔, 陳家杰, 劉玲玲, 范蕊芳, 林東軍△
(中山大學(xué)附屬第三醫(yī)院血液科,中山大學(xué)血液病研究所,廣東 廣州 510630)
目的構(gòu)建穩(wěn)定表達(dá)外源c-myc基因的人單核細(xì)胞白血病細(xì)胞株U937,并初步分析其特性。方法首先構(gòu)建重組質(zhì)粒MSCV-c-myc-IRES-GFP (MMIG)載體,分別用MMIG及空載體MSCV-IRES-GFP(MIG)包裝病毒,并感染U937細(xì)胞,用流式細(xì)胞術(shù)分選綠色熒光細(xì)胞,獲得 U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞,用熒光顯微鏡及流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測GFP陽性率,用Western blotting測定細(xì)胞中c-Myc、survivin、X連鎖凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)和Bcl-2的蛋白表達(dá)水平,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞周期,并用MTT法測定U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞的生長情況,克隆形成實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測克隆形成能力。結(jié)果熒光顯微鏡觀察,MIG和MMIG病毒感染后,2種細(xì)胞均表達(dá)綠色熒光蛋白;流式細(xì)胞術(shù)結(jié)果顯示,MIG病毒感染的細(xì)胞熒光率為26.0%,MMIG病毒感染的細(xì)胞熒光率為27.7%;Western blotting的結(jié)果顯示,c-Myc蛋白在MMIG病毒感染的細(xì)胞中表達(dá)水平升高。流式細(xì)胞術(shù)分選后,熒光顯微鏡觀察可見綠色熒光蛋白表達(dá)明顯增多,U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞綠色熒光蛋白表達(dá)率分別達(dá)98.7%和93.7%。 U937/MYC細(xì)胞中c-Myc蛋白表達(dá)較U937/GFP細(xì)胞顯著升高,c-Myc蛋白下游的survivin表達(dá)增多,而凋亡相關(guān)蛋白XIAP及Bcl-2的表達(dá)則沒有明顯變化。細(xì)胞周期檢測顯示,U937/MYC細(xì)胞處于S期的細(xì)胞數(shù)增多。MTT實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,U937/MYC細(xì)胞的生長速率較U937/GFP細(xì)胞增快。U937/MYC細(xì)胞的克隆形成能力較U937/GFP細(xì)胞強(qiáng)。結(jié)論成功構(gòu)建了c-myc基因高表達(dá)的U937穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/MYC。在U937/MYC細(xì)胞中,c-Myc及其下游的survivin表達(dá)明顯上調(diào),處于細(xì)胞周期S期的細(xì)胞數(shù)增多、細(xì)胞生長加快、克隆形成能力增強(qiáng),提示c-Myc可能通過增強(qiáng)自我更新能力、加快細(xì)胞周期、促進(jìn)相關(guān)抗凋亡蛋白表達(dá)從而提高細(xì)胞的存活率。
c-Myc蛋白; 載體構(gòu)建; U937細(xì)胞
髓細(xì)胞瘤病癌基因(myelocytomatosis oncogene,myc)是髓細(xì)胞增生原癌基因,編碼的Myc蛋白結(jié)合于其它基因以調(diào)控基因的表達(dá)。N-myc、L-myc和c-myc是原癌基因myc三大家族成員。N-myc具有一定的組織特異性,主要與神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)相關(guān),在1/3的神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤病人中有N-Myc高表達(dá)[1]。L-Myc的表達(dá)和活性均比較低,研究最多的是c-Myc。人類c-myc基因定位于8q24,其編碼蛋白質(zhì)的功能區(qū)含有堿性結(jié)構(gòu)域-螺旋-回旋-螺旋-亮氨酸拉鏈結(jié)構(gòu)域(basic helix-loop-helix/leucine zipper motif,bHLHZ),該區(qū)域與Max蛋白結(jié)合,形成Myc/Max異二聚體。異二聚體與靶基因的E-box DNA(5’-CACGTG-3’)區(qū)域結(jié)合,發(fā)揮轉(zhuǎn)錄功能,調(diào)節(jié)下游基因[2]。c-myc基因的mRNA一般情況下極不穩(wěn)定,半衰期較短,常在10 min之內(nèi)發(fā)生降解,但在細(xì)胞受到刺激時(shí)其穩(wěn)定性常發(fā)生改變[3]。
Myc是Wnt、轉(zhuǎn)化生長因子β(transforming growth factor β,TGF-β)、受體酪氨酸激酶(receptor tyrosine kinase,RTK)及T細(xì)胞受體(T-cell receptor,TCR)等多條信號(hào)通路的交匯點(diǎn),參與細(xì)胞的生長、增殖、腫瘤形成及腫瘤耐藥。除此之外,Myc還與Sox2、Oct4和KLF4共同參與成纖維細(xì)胞誘導(dǎo)成多能干細(xì)胞的過程,是調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞干性的關(guān)鍵基因[4]。c-Myc與多種實(shí)體瘤密切相關(guān),在乳腺癌、前列腺癌、胃腸癌、黑色素瘤等均發(fā)現(xiàn)c-Myc的異常表達(dá),且與腫瘤的分期和預(yù)后相關(guān)[5]。
在血液系統(tǒng)中,c-Myc參與造血,且在Burkitt 淋巴瘤和多發(fā)性骨髓瘤中明顯高表達(dá)[6]。在急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血病(acute lymphocytic leukemia, ALL)中,c-Myc與NOTCH共同參與腫瘤的維持[7]。在急性髓系白血病(acute myelocytic leukemia,AML)中有約1/3的患者c-Myc高表達(dá),且c-Myc的表達(dá)水平與初診時(shí)外周血白細(xì)胞的數(shù)目呈正相關(guān),化療可降低c-Myc的表達(dá)水平[8]。Strassburg等[9]通過對初診和復(fù)發(fā) AML患者c-myc mRNA檢測發(fā)現(xiàn),在復(fù)發(fā)難治患者中c-myc mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于初診患者,化療無效或不緩解的AML患者的c-myc mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)呈持續(xù)高水平,白血病c-myc基因的表達(dá)水平可能是反映白血病細(xì)胞惡性程度及判斷預(yù)后的重要指標(biāo)之一。因此,針對c-Myc對白血病細(xì)胞影響的研究對臨床有重要意義。本文旨在構(gòu)建c-myc穩(wěn)定高表達(dá)的人單核細(xì)胞白血病細(xì)胞株U937(U937/MYC),研究c-myc基因高表達(dá)對AML細(xì)胞系特性的影響。
1主要試劑
細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)用的胎牛血清為HyClone產(chǎn)品, RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基為Gibco產(chǎn)品, Trizol試劑為Ambion產(chǎn)品,DL2000 marker以及構(gòu)建載體所用的限制性內(nèi)切酶BglII、NotI和PCR所用的高保真DNA聚合酶均為TaKaRa產(chǎn)品,細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染試劑為Invitrogen公司的Lipofectamine 2000。
2重組質(zhì)粒MSCV-c-myc-IRES-GFP(MMIG)載體的構(gòu)建
2.1目的基因c-myc的獲得 利用從ADDGENE質(zhì)粒庫上購買的FUW-tetO-c-myc質(zhì)粒(質(zhì)粒編號(hào)為20324)為模板進(jìn)行PCR擴(kuò)增反應(yīng)。PCR擴(kuò)增所用的引物序列為:上游引物5’-AGCTCTCAGATCTATGCCCCTCAACGTTAGCT-3’,下劃線處為BglII 酶切位點(diǎn);下游引物5’-AAGGAAAAATGCGGCCGCTTAC-GCACAAGAGTTCCGTA-3’,下劃線處為NotI酶切位點(diǎn)。PCR反應(yīng)條件為94 ℃預(yù)變性5 min,94 ℃ 30 s,55 ℃ 40 s,72 ℃ 1.5 min,25個(gè)循環(huán),72 ℃ 10 min。將PCR產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行0.8%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,觀察結(jié)果并將目的條帶進(jìn)行回收。
2.2MMIG載體的連接和酶切鑒定 將 PCR回收產(chǎn)物與MSCV-IRES-GFP(MIG)載體分別用BglⅡ和NotⅠ進(jìn)行雙酶切,純化回收酶切產(chǎn)物,將c-myc片段與MIG載體用T4 DNA連接酶于16 ℃ 連接過夜,轉(zhuǎn)化感受態(tài)大腸桿菌DH5α,在鋪有氨芐青霉素瓊脂糖平板上進(jìn)行單個(gè)菌落挑取,37 ℃培養(yǎng)過夜,提取重組質(zhì)粒DNA,用BglⅡ和NotⅠ雙酶切鑒定,觀察c-myc基因片段是否克隆到MIG載體中。陽性質(zhì)粒由深圳華大基因研究院進(jìn)行DNA測序分析。測序正確的重組質(zhì)粒載體即MMIG。
3細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)
人單核細(xì)胞白血病細(xì)胞株U937用含10%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基于37 ℃、5% CO2條件下常規(guī)培養(yǎng)。每隔2~3 d進(jìn)行傳代,取對數(shù)生長期細(xì)胞進(jìn)行細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)。
4逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒的包裝及對U937細(xì)胞的感染
4.1逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒的包裝 轉(zhuǎn)染前將GP2-293包裝細(xì)胞在60 mm培養(yǎng)皿接種1×106~2×106,生長密度達(dá)到80%左右進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染。用脂質(zhì)體介導(dǎo)的方法將重組逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒載體(MIG和MMIG)和pVSV-G載體共轉(zhuǎn)染GP2-293包裝細(xì)胞。將GP2-293細(xì)胞放于5% CO2、37 ℃孵箱培養(yǎng)。轉(zhuǎn)染后48和72 h后分別收集病毒液,0.45 μm濾器過濾后混勻,4 ℃保存。
4.2逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒對U937細(xì)胞的感染 感染前將U937細(xì)胞低密度傳至培養(yǎng)皿中,加病毒液,同時(shí)加入聚凝胺(polyberne)使其終濃度為至8 mg/L。感染4~6 h后去除病毒液,加入新鮮培養(yǎng)基繼續(xù)培養(yǎng),感染24~36 h后在倒置熒光顯微鏡下觀察GFP表達(dá)情況。GFP陽性表達(dá)的細(xì)胞繼續(xù)培養(yǎng),3 d后利用流式細(xì)胞術(shù)分析GFP陽性細(xì)胞的比率。
5穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/GFP和U937/MYC的流式分選
將陽性的穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株用MoFlo XDP細(xì)胞分選流式儀(Beckman)進(jìn)行GFP陽性細(xì)胞的分選。MIG病毒感染分選后的U937穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株命名為U937/GFP,而MMIG病毒感染分選后的U937穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株命為U937/MYC。
6Westernblotting檢測c-Myc及相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá)水平
U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞,用細(xì)胞裂解液(20 mmol/L Tris, pH 7.5,150 mmol/L NaCl, 0.25% NP40,2.5 mmol/L sodium pyprophosphate,1 mmol/L EGTA,1 mmol/L EDTA,1 mmol/L β-glycerophosphate,1 mmol/L Na3VO4,1 mmol/L PMSF,1 mg/L leupeptin)提取細(xì)胞總蛋白。用考馬斯亮藍(lán)法進(jìn)行蛋白定量后,按40 μg上樣,12% SDS-PAGE進(jìn)行電泳,將蛋白轉(zhuǎn)移至硝酸纖維素膜(10 V,50 min),Ⅰ抗孵育,4 ℃過夜, HRP標(biāo)記的抗鼠或兔IgG的Ⅱ抗孵育1 h,于暗室中曝光。以GAPDH作為內(nèi)參照。
7MTT法檢測穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株增殖情況
將U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞按1×103cells/well培養(yǎng)于96孔板,分別培養(yǎng)1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d、5 d和6 d,檢測前每孔加入20 μL MTT溶液,繼續(xù)孵育4 h,棄上清液,然后每孔加入150 μL DMSO溶解沉淀,于490 nm波長的酶標(biāo)儀測定吸光度(absorbance,A),1 d吸光度為對照組吸光度,其余為實(shí)驗(yàn)組吸光度。細(xì)胞存活率(%)=實(shí)驗(yàn)組吸光度/對照組吸光度×100%。
8流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測細(xì)胞周期
收集細(xì)胞,1 500 r/min 離心5 min, PBS洗滌2次,后用冰乙醇固定過夜,碘化丙啶(propidium iodide,PI)染色后流式細(xì)胞儀測定細(xì)胞周期。以上實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。
9甲基纖維素克隆形成實(shí)驗(yàn)
U937/GFP和U937/MYC細(xì)胞分別以500 cells/well種于400 μL甲基纖維素中, 37 ℃、5% CO2條件下培養(yǎng)6 d后熒光顯微鏡下觀察克隆。
10統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
用SPSS 13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件分析,數(shù)據(jù)用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(mean±SD)表示,組間均數(shù)比較采用t檢驗(yàn)。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
1MMIG載體的構(gòu)建
PCR擴(kuò)增c-myc基因片段,經(jīng)瓊脂糖凝膠電泳顯示擴(kuò)增條帶與預(yù)期大小相一致,于1 000~2 000 bp處,見圖1A。純化PCR產(chǎn)物與MIG載體均用BglⅡ和NotⅠ雙酶切后,電泳顯示目的基因片段(圖1B泳道4)和MIG載體(圖1B泳道5)雙酶切后得到線性片段大小與理論值相符。連接產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)化感受態(tài)E.coliDH5α,挑3個(gè)重組質(zhì)粒提取質(zhì)粒DNA進(jìn)行BglⅡ和NotⅠ雙酶切鑒定,電泳分析得有2個(gè)陽性的重組質(zhì)粒,見圖1C。將此2個(gè)質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行DNA測序。測序結(jié)果經(jīng)BLAST分析, 證實(shí)該重組質(zhì)粒插入的序列與GenBank的人類c-myc基因(基因登錄號(hào):V00568.1)的開放讀碼框序列同源性為100%。
2c-myc高表達(dá)的U937細(xì)胞株的感染情況分析
將質(zhì)粒MIG和MMIG分別進(jìn)行病毒包裝,感染U937細(xì)胞株。熒光顯微鏡觀察兩種病毒感染的U937細(xì)胞均有GFP表達(dá),見圖2A。經(jīng)流式細(xì)胞術(shù)分析得出MIG病毒感染的U937細(xì)胞GFP陽性率為26.0%,MMIG為27.7%,見圖2B。Western blotting結(jié)果顯示,MMIG病毒感染的U937細(xì)胞中c-Myc蛋白表達(dá)水平有上調(diào)現(xiàn)象,見圖2C。
3c-myc高表達(dá)的U937穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/MYC的建立與驗(yàn)證
用Beckman MoFlo XDP細(xì)胞分選流式儀分選得到穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/GFP和U937/MYC。熒光顯微鏡觀察,相同放大倍數(shù)視野內(nèi)綠色熒光細(xì)胞較分選前明顯增多,見圖3A。流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測U937/GFP細(xì)胞中的GFP陽性細(xì)胞的比率是98.7%,U937/MYC細(xì)胞中GFP陽性細(xì)胞的比率為93.7%,見圖3B。Western blotting進(jìn)一步證實(shí),c-Myc蛋白表達(dá)比分選前增多,見圖3C,說明成功地得到c-myc高表達(dá)的U937穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/MYC。
Figure 1. Electrophoresis of MSCV-c-myc-IRES-GFP recombinant. A: PCR amplification of FUW-tetO-c-myc plasmid; B, C:BglII andNotI digestion. M: DL2000 DNA marker; 1~3:c-mycPCR product; 4:c-mycPCR product digested byBglII andNotI, generating ac-mycDNA; 5: MIG vector digested byBglII andNotI, generating a linear plasmid; 6~8: three recombinants digested byBglII andNotI. Two positive clones were obtained (7 and 8).
圖1構(gòu)建MSCV-c-myc-IRES-GFP重組載體電泳圖
Figure 2. Analysis of c-Myc expression after virus infection in U937 cells. A: images of U937 cells infected with MIG or MMIG under phase-contrast microscope and fluorescence microscope (×200); B: GFP positive rates in U937 cells infected with MIG or MMIG analyzed by flow cytometry; C: the expression of c-Myc in U937 cells infected with MIG or MMIG detected by Western blotting.
圖2MIG和MMIG病毒感染后U937細(xì)胞中c-Myc的表達(dá)分析
Figure 3. Characteristics of U937/MYC and U937/GFP cells after fluorescence-activated cell sorting. A: images of U937/MYC cells under phase-contrast microscope and fluorescence microscope (×200); B: GFP positive rates of U937/GFP and U937/MYC cells determined by flow cytometry; C: the expression of c-Myc in U937/GFP and U937/MYC cells analyzed by Western blotting.
圖3U937/MYC和U937/GFP細(xì)胞中c-Myc的表達(dá)分析
4穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/MYC相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá)情況
Western blotting結(jié)果顯示,c-Myc下游的survivin在U937/MYC細(xì)胞中較U937/GFP細(xì)胞明顯上調(diào),而其它凋亡相關(guān)蛋白X連鎖凋亡抑制蛋白(X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein,XIAP)及Bcl-2無明顯改變,見圖4。
Figure 4. The protein expression of survivin, XIAP and Bcl-2 detected by Western blotting.
圖4U937/MYC和U937/GFP細(xì)胞中survivin、XIAP及Bcl-2蛋白表達(dá)分析
5U937/MYC和U937/GFP細(xì)胞株細(xì)胞周期及生長情況
用流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測U937/MYC和U937/GFP細(xì)胞周期,顯示U937/MYC細(xì)胞處于S期的細(xì)胞數(shù)較U937/GFP細(xì)胞多,見圖5A。將兩細(xì)胞株以1×103cells/well接種于96孔板,MTT檢測培養(yǎng)1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d、5 d和6 d細(xì)胞的生長情況,結(jié)果顯示,U937/MYC細(xì)胞在培養(yǎng)3 d、4 d、5 d和6 d時(shí)生長較U937/GFP細(xì)胞快(P<0.05),見圖5B??寺⌒纬蓪?shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,U937/MYC細(xì)胞的克隆形成能力較U937/GFP細(xì)胞強(qiáng),見圖5C。
近年來,逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒表達(dá)載體系統(tǒng)在研究基因的下游靶點(diǎn)和功能中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。MoMLV(Moloney murine leukemia virus)和MSCV(murine stem cell virus)是目前常用的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒載體,用于干細(xì)胞或前體細(xì)胞,特別是血液細(xì)胞的感染。MoMLV載體廣泛用于懸浮真核細(xì)胞基因轉(zhuǎn)染,但在未分化的胚胎干細(xì)胞中常因啟動(dòng)子甲基化、增強(qiáng)子缺乏和負(fù)調(diào)控因子增多而導(dǎo)致沉默,降低轉(zhuǎn)錄活性[10]。而基于MoMLV載體改造的MSCV在原先的長末端重復(fù)(long terminal repeat,LTR)基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)生點(diǎn)突變和缺失,使其在造血干細(xì)胞和胚胎干細(xì)胞的表達(dá)率提高,安全性更高。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道MSCV在白細(xì)胞中的感染率也達(dá)到1.6%~47.5%[11]。MSCV載體因其在造血干/祖細(xì)胞中對外源基因的轉(zhuǎn)染和表達(dá)具有明顯優(yōu)勢而得到廣泛應(yīng)用。
Figure 5. Cell cycle and growth analysis of U937/GFP and U937/MYC cells. A: cell cycle distribution determined by PI staining; B: cell viability measured by MTT assay; C: clone-forming images under phase-contrast microscope and fluorescence microscope (×200). Mean±SD.n=5.*P<0.05vsU937/GFP.
圖5U937/MYC和U937/GFP細(xì)胞株細(xì)胞周期及生長情況分析
U937細(xì)胞系來源于組織細(xì)胞性淋巴瘤的病人,最早由Dr. K. Nilsson實(shí)驗(yàn)室于1974年建立,在多種因子誘導(dǎo)下具有向單核細(xì)胞分化的惡性幼稚細(xì)胞[12-13]。本文采用MSCV載體介導(dǎo)c-myc基因在U937細(xì)胞系高表達(dá),結(jié)果表明,MSCV-c-myc-IRES-GFP對U937細(xì)胞的感染率達(dá)到27.7%,感染率較高。
為了進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證經(jīng)流式分選獲得的U937/MYC細(xì)胞能穩(wěn)定高表達(dá)c-myc,我們利用Western blotting方法觀察細(xì)胞內(nèi)c-Myc下游的蛋白表達(dá)水平。與c-Myc相關(guān)的下游基因高達(dá)600多種,研究表明其中經(jīng)典的有survivin和多種microRNA[14]。本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,U937/MYC細(xì)胞中survivin明顯高表達(dá),而該細(xì)胞中其它凋亡相關(guān)蛋白XAIP及Bcl-2表達(dá)水平無明顯改變。
c-myc基因的表達(dá)能影響細(xì)胞周期的變化。Link等[15]報(bào)道,c-Myc的靶基因可調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞由G1期向S期轉(zhuǎn)變。Polioudakis等[16]也證實(shí),促有絲分裂物質(zhì)可以通過上調(diào)c-Myc促進(jìn)miR-22的轉(zhuǎn)錄,從而使靜止的細(xì)胞進(jìn)入細(xì)胞周期,促進(jìn)分裂增殖。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中細(xì)胞周期分析顯示U937/MYC細(xì)胞處于S期的比例(60.03%)比U937/GFP細(xì)胞(40.26%)多,說明細(xì)胞的增殖速度加快,與之前的研究結(jié)果一致??寺⌒纬蓪?shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,U937/MYC細(xì)胞的自我更行能力也增強(qiáng)。此外,細(xì)胞生長曲線顯示,U937/MYC細(xì)胞在第3天、第4天、第5天和第6天的細(xì)胞存活率均比U937/GFP細(xì)胞高。因此,高表達(dá)c-myc的U937細(xì)胞可能通過上調(diào)c-myc基因的表達(dá)來加速細(xì)胞周期,增強(qiáng)自我更新能力,提高細(xì)胞的生長速度,同時(shí)通過增加抗凋亡蛋白survivin的表達(dá)提高細(xì)胞的存活率。
本實(shí)驗(yàn)成功地構(gòu)建了c-myc基因高表達(dá)的U937穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株U937/MYC,并初步分析了c-Myc對該白血病細(xì)胞株特性的影響。該細(xì)胞可以作為較好的細(xì)胞模型進(jìn)一步用于研究c-myc基因在白血病發(fā)生發(fā)展中的機(jī)制,并為治療白血病藥物的篩選提供基礎(chǔ)。
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Effectsofup-regulationofc-mycexpressiononU937cellline
PAN Xiao-na, FANG Zhi-gang, LONG Zi-jie, CHEN Jia-jie, LIU Ling-ling, FAN Rui-fang, LIN Dong-jun
(DepartmentofHematology,theThirdAffiliatedHospital,SunYat-senUniversity,SunYat-senInstituteofHematology,Guangzhou510630,China.E-mail:lindongjun0168@163.com)
AIM: To establish a human monocytic leukemia cell line U937 stably expressingc-mycgene and to investigate the biological characteristics of this cell line.METHODSThe recombinant plasmid MSCV-c-myc-IRES-GFP (MMIG) was constructed. MMIG and MSCV-IRES-GFP (MIG) were used to package the viruses for infecting U937 cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) was used for sorting U937/GFP and U937/MYC cells. The GFP-positive cells were detected by fluorescence microscopy and FACS. The protein expression of c-Myc, survivin, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. Propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to determine the cell cycle distribution. Self-renewal ability was observed by colony- forming assay.RESULTSThe GFP expression in the cells infected with MIG or MMIG virus was observed under fluorescence microscope. The green fluorescent rate of the cells infected with MIG was 26.0%, while that of the cells infected with MMIG was 27.7%. The protein expression of c-Myc in MMIG-infected U937 cells was higher than that in MIG-infected cells. After sorting, the green fluorescent rates of U937/GFP and U937/MYC cells reached 98.7% and 93.7%, respectively. The protein expression of c-Myc in U937/MYC cells was higher than that in U937/GFP cells. In addition, survivin, a downstream protein of c-Myc, was up-regulated, while the protein expression of XIAP and Bcl-2 remained unchanged. Cell cycle analysis showed that the percentage of the cells in S phase increased in U937/MYC cells. Moreover, the proliferation and colony-forming ability of U937/MYC cells were also enhanced.CONCLUSIONU937/MYC cell line stably expressingc-mycgene was successfully established. c-Myc may increase cell viability via enhancing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein survivin, the cell cycle transition and the self-renewal ability.
c-Myc protein; Vector construction; U937 cells
R733.7
A
10.3969/j.issn.1000- 4718.2013.11.012
1000- 4718(2013)11- 1984- 06
2013- 02- 19
2013- 08- 22
△通訊作者 Tel: 020-85252227; E-mail: lindongjun0168@ 163.com
▲并列第1作者