鄭兆廣,王汝上,湯 丹,何 寶,顧 斐,段婷婷,朱 荃
1廣州康臣藥業(yè)有限公司腎病藥物研究中心,廣州510530;2澳門科技大學(xué)中醫(yī)藥學(xué)院,澳門999078
桑白皮化學(xué)成分的研究
鄭兆廣1,2*,王汝上1,湯 丹1,何 寶1,顧 斐1,段婷婷1,朱 荃1,2*
1廣州康臣藥業(yè)有限公司腎病藥物研究中心,廣州510530;2澳門科技大學(xué)中醫(yī)藥學(xué)院,澳門999078
從桑白皮(Cortex Mori)的水提液中分離得到5個(gè)化學(xué)成分,通過(guò)波譜數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合理化性質(zhì)分別鑒定為4,4'-二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯(4,4'-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl)carbamates,1),東莨菪內(nèi)酯(seopoletin,2),傘形花內(nèi)酯(umbelliferone,3),3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol,4),對(duì)羥基苯甲酸乙酯(4-hydroxy ethylbenzoate,5)。其中,化合物1為新的天然化合物,4和5為首次從該植物中分得。
桑白皮;二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯;東莨菪內(nèi)酯;傘形花內(nèi)酯;3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚;對(duì)羥基苯甲酸乙酯
桑白皮(Cortex Mori)為??浦参锷orus alba L.的干燥根皮,性甘、寒,具有瀉肺平喘、利水消腫的功能,主治肺熱喘咳、水腫脹滿尿少、面目肌膚浮腫等[1]。近幾年的藥理學(xué)研究表明桑白皮具有降血糖血壓、利尿、鎮(zhèn)咳平喘、抗HIV抗腫瘤等方面的活性[2]。桑白皮含有多種化學(xué)成分,包括黃酮類,2-芳基苯并呋喃類,香豆素,N糖等[2]。我們對(duì)桑白皮的水提物進(jìn)行了化學(xué)成分的研究,從中分離得到5個(gè)化合物,利用理化性質(zhì)和波譜學(xué)手段確定它們的結(jié)構(gòu),其中,化合物1為新的天然產(chǎn)物,4和5為首次從該植物中分離得到。
RY-2熔點(diǎn)儀(天津分析儀器廠,溫度計(jì)未校正);Perkin-Elmer Paragon 500 FTIR紅外光譜儀(KBr壓片);Perkin-Elmer Lambda 35型紫外可見(jiàn)分光光度計(jì);Bruker AM-400型核磁共振儀;Thermofisher LCQ-Fleet質(zhì)譜儀;D101大孔樹(shù)脂(天津南開(kāi)大學(xué)化工廠產(chǎn)品);薄層層析硅膠G板,200~300目柱層析硅膠(青島海洋化工廠);Sephadex LH-20 (Pharamacia公司);藥材于2007年9月購(gòu)自于安徽亳州藥材市場(chǎng),經(jīng)澳門科技大學(xué)中醫(yī)藥學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)項(xiàng)平教授鑒定為??浦参锷0灼?Cortex Mori)。
取桑白皮10 kg,切碎磨成粗粉,加100 L水煎煮提取三次,每次1 h,合并提取液,減壓濃縮至適量體積,加至D101大孔樹(shù)脂中,先用水洗脫,再用95%乙醇洗脫,收集95%乙醇部分洗脫液,減壓濃縮得浸膏150 g。取130 g浸膏以硅膠層析柱分離,分別以石油醚-乙酸乙酯,氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脫得不同的洗脫部位,其中以石油醚-乙酸乙酯洗脫所得各部位經(jīng)正相硅膠和Sephadex LH-20反復(fù)純化得1 (45 mg)、2(31 mg)、3(19.5 mg)、4(12 mg)、5(10.3 mg)。
化合物1 無(wú)色片狀晶體(石油醚-乙酸乙酯),HREI-MS m/z:314.1261[M]+,315.1293[M+ H]+,推導(dǎo)其分子式為C17H18N2O4;mp.186~188℃;UV λmax(MeOH)nm:198,245;IRmax(KBr)cm-1: 3273(N-H),1712(C=O),1686(C=O),1549,1318,1242,1080,顯示結(jié)構(gòu)中含有苯環(huán)和酰氨基; DEPT試驗(yàn)表明該化合物結(jié)構(gòu)含有2個(gè)伯碳、1個(gè)仲碳、8個(gè)叔碳和6個(gè)季碳,結(jié)合1H NMR(DMSO,400 MHz)δ:7.35(4H,d,J=8.4 Hz),7.10(4H,d,J= 8.4 Hz)和13C NMR(DMSO,100 MHz)δ:137.1,135.7,129.0,118.5可推斷該結(jié)構(gòu)含有兩個(gè)對(duì)位取代的苯環(huán),且高度對(duì)稱,此外從NMR數(shù)據(jù)還可以推斷出該結(jié)構(gòu)含有一酰羰基、兩個(gè)甲氧基和一個(gè)亞甲基。由HMBC可知,亞甲基質(zhì)子δ3.79及苯環(huán)質(zhì)子δ7.10與苯環(huán)上的碳δ137.1有遠(yuǎn)程相關(guān),可以推導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)中含有二苯甲烷的結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)可以推導(dǎo)甲氧基酰氨基與碳δ135.70相連,從而確定該化合物的結(jié)構(gòu)為4,4'-二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯(4,4'-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl)carbamates,1),以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)中報(bào)道的IR[3]和NMR數(shù)據(jù)[4]基本一致,為一個(gè)新的天然產(chǎn)物,其結(jié)構(gòu)見(jiàn)圖1,1H和13C NMR,以及HMBC數(shù)據(jù)歸屬見(jiàn)表1。
圖1 化合物1的結(jié)構(gòu)Fig.1 Structure of compound 1
表1 化合物1的1H NMR,13C NMR和HMBC數(shù)據(jù)(DMSO-d6)Table 1 1H and13C NMR and HMBC Data of compound 1
化合物2 淡黃色粉末,ESI-MS m/z:193[M+ H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3,400 MHz)δ:10.33(1H,s,OH),7.91(1H,d,J=9.5 Hz,H-4),7.26(1H,s,H-5),6.78(1H,s,H-8),6.26(1H,d,J=9.5 Hz,H-3),3.90(3H,s,CH3);13C NMR(CDCl3,100 MHz)δ: 161.4(C-2),150.3(C-7),149.7(C-9),144.0(C-6),143.3(C-4),113.4(C-3),111.5(C-10),107.5 (C-5),103.2(C-8),56.4(-OCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[5]報(bào)道的東莨菪內(nèi)酯數(shù)據(jù)基本一致,故鑒定為東莨菪內(nèi)酯(scopoletin)。
化合物3 淡黃色粉末,ESI-MS m/z:163[M+ H]+;mp.226~228℃;1H NMR(CD3OD,400 MHz) δ:7.82(1H,d,J=9.2 Hz,H-4),7.43(1H,d,J= 8.5 Hz,H-5),6.78(1H,dd,J=8.5,2.3 Hz,H-6),6.69(1H,d,J=2.3 Hz,H-8),6.16(1H,d,J=9.5 Hz,H-3);13C NMR(CD3OD,100 MHz)δ:163.7(C-2),163.1(C-7),157.3(C-9),146.0(C-4),130.7 (C-5),114.5(C-3),113.2(C-10),112.4(C-6),103.4(C-8)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[6]報(bào)道的基本一致,故鑒定為傘形花內(nèi)酯(umbelliferone)。
化合物4 無(wú)色片狀結(jié)晶(石油醚-乙酸乙酯); mp.141~142℃,ESI-MS m/z:185[M+H]+;1H NMR(CD3OD,400 MHz)δ:6.09(2H,s,2,6-H),3.76(6H,s,2x-OCH3),3.66(3H,s,-OCH3);13C NMR((CD3)2CO,100 MHz)δ:155.4(C-1),155.0 (C-3),132.3(C-4),94.0(C-2),61.3(4-OCH3),56.4(3,5-OCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[7]報(bào)道一致,故鑒定為3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol)。
化合物5 淡黃色雪花狀結(jié)晶(石油醚-醋酸乙酯),ESI-MS m/z:167[M+H]+;1H NMR(CDCl3,400 MHz)δ:7.89(2H,dd,J=7.0,1.9 Hz,H-3,5),6.86(2H,dd,J=7.0,1.9 Hz,H-2,6),4.33(2H,q,J=7.3 Hz,-CH2-),1.38(3H,t,J=7.3 Hz,-CH3);13C NMR(CDCl3,100 MHz)δ:167.5(-C= O),161.0(C-4),131.8(C-2,6),123.1(C-1),115.6 (C-3,5),60.8(-OCH2-),14.4(-CH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[8]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定其結(jié)構(gòu)為對(duì)羥基苯甲酸乙酯(4-hydroxy ethylbenzoate)。
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Chemical Constituents of Cortex Mori
ZHENG Zhao-guang1,2*,WANG Ru-shang1,TANG Dan1,HE Bao1,GU Fei1,DUAN Ting-ting1,ZHU Quan1,2*1The R&D center of drug for renal diseases,Consun pharmaceutical co.,LTD,Guangzhou 510530,China;2School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Macau University of Science and Technology,Macau 999078,China
Five compounds were isolated from the water extract of Cortex Mori,on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and physico-chemical property,they were identified as 4,4'-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl)carbamates(1),scopoletin(2),umbelliferone(3),3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol(4),and 4-hydroxy ethylbenzoate(5).Compound 1 was a new natural compound and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Cortex Mori;4,4'-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl)carbamates;scopoletin;umbelliferone;3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol;4-hydroxy ethylbenzoate.
1001-6880(2011)03-0399-03
2009-11-27 接受日期:2010-04-08
*通訊作者 Tel:86-20-82267589;E-mail:dzhg168@126.com
R284.1
A