張玉靜　張榮娟　余江南

“一般過去時”的煩惱

Hello, everyone!認識我嗎？我是“一般過去時”，我有許多煩惱要向你們傾訴。原本我很快樂，可自從遇到你們中的某些粗心的同學，真叫我有口難言。在此，借《中學生英語》雜志，我想說說我的煩惱，希望能引起同學們的注意，讓快樂重新回到我身邊。

一、忽略時間狀語。

有些同學在使用英語時，不管時間狀語是什么，總是喜歡使用“一般現(xiàn)在時”，根本不把“我”放在眼里，經(jīng)常把“我”忘得一干二凈，本該使用“我”的場合也把“一般現(xiàn)在時”搬了出來。例如：

昨天他不在家。

【誤】 He is not at home yesterday.

【正】 He was not at home yesterday.

去年他們住在上海。

【誤】 They live in Shanghai last year.

【正】 They lived in Shanghai last year.

【析】由句中yesterday, last year這兩個時間狀語可知，這兩句該用一般過去時。我現(xiàn)在再次鄭重地聲明：表示在過去某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)要用一般過去時，即：當句中含有yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening, last night/year/week/month, a week ago, two days ago, just now等時間狀語時，挺身而出的一定是“我”。

二、濫用was和were。

只是在含有was或were的句子，變一般疑問句時，才把was或were提到句首，其它情況下則用did來幫助完成。例如：

你喜歡那個展出嗎？

【誤】 Were you enjoy the show?

【正】 Did you enjoy the show?

他們步行去動物園的嗎？

【誤】 Were they walk to the zoo?

【正】 Did they walk to the zoo?

三、行為動詞不還原。

在含有行為動詞的一般過去時的肯定句中，行為動詞要用過去式?？墒窃谝话阋蓡柧浠蚍穸ň渲?，由于句中加了助動詞did,句中的行為動詞要改為原形。好多粗心的同學總是把這一點給忘了，真令我哭笑不得。例如：

【誤】 Did you had lunch at school yesterday?

【正】 Did you have lunch at school yesterday?

四、錯拼行為動詞的過去式。

有些同學沒有掌握好行為動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則，在運用時經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)過去式拼寫錯誤的現(xiàn)象，真讓人頭痛。例如：

【誤】 Who carryed the big box?

【正】 Who carried the big box?

[析] 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞變過去式時，要先把y改為i再加ed。

【誤】 A policeman stoped the car.

【正】 A policeman stopped the car.

【析】 末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，變過去式時，應先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ed。

【誤】 She writed a letter to her friend yesterday.

【正】 She wrote a letter to her friend yesterday.

【析】 write的過去式是wrote，屬不規(guī)則變化，切不可想當然直接在其后加d。

希望同學們能理解“我”的一番苦心，愿你們更多了解“我”，使我們成為真正的好朋友。Goodbye!

【小試牛刀】

Ⅰ. 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。

1. I _____ (buy) a new dictionary the day before yesterday.

2. —What day ______ (be) it yesterday?

—It _____ (be) Friday.

3. He _____ (be) here half an hour ago.

4. We often _____ (play) games last term.

5. She _____ (give) me a book a moment ago.

6. The girl _____ (get) up very early this morning.

7. They _____ (take) photos near the river an hour ago.

8. He _____ (not watch) TV yesterday evening.

9. —Why _____ (be) the boy late for school?

—Because he _____ (be) ill.

10. Mr Green _____ (come) to visit me last night.

11. The teacher _____(agree) to our idea yesterday.

12. He said he ______(feel) terrible.

13. They ______(make) him work twelve hours a day last year.

14. I ______(see) him in the library two days ago.

15. She ______(write) her address on the blackboard ten minutes ago.

Ⅱ. 按要求改寫下列各句。

1. I was at home this morning. (改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答)

______ ______ at home this morning?

______, ______ ______.

2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改為否定句)

He ______ ______ ______ ______ in the morning.

3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答)

______ ______ ______ a big dinner yesterday?

______, ______ ______.

4. Mr Wang went to Americaby plane. (對劃線部分提問)

______ ______ Mr Wang ______to America?

5. How did you like Shanghai? (改為同義句)

______ ______ ______ ______ ______Shanghai?

Keys: Ⅰ. 1. bought2. was; was3. was

4. played5. gave6. got7. took8. didnt watch9. was, was10. came 11. agreed 12. felt 13. made 14. saw 15. wroteⅡ. 1. Were you, No, I wasnt 2. didnt do morning exercise 3. Did they have, Yes, they did 4. How did, go 5. What did you think of