劉 躍
1. 一般將來時的基本概念
一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài),或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài)。一般將來時由助動詞shall(第一人稱),will(第二、三人稱)+動詞原形構成。美國英語則不管什么人稱,一律用will。
2. 一般將來時的形式
●will常簡略為ll,并與主語連寫在一起,如:Ill, hell, itll, well,youll, theyll。
●一般疑問句常用will you…?其簡略答語須是Yes, I will或 No, I will not;如用 Shall you…?(較少見)其簡略答語須是 Yes, I shall. 或 No, I shall not.
3. 一般將來時的用法
1)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)
一般將來時常與一些表示將來的時間狀語連用,如:tomorrow(明天), next week(下周), from now on(從現(xiàn)在開始), in the future(將來)等。
2)表示將來經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。
4.一般將來時的其他用法
一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài),其表達形式除了“shall(第一人稱),will(第二、三人稱)+動詞原形構成”外,還有以下幾種形式。
1)“be going to+動詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進行的事。例如:
①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。
②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我們開會。
2)go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay等可用進行時態(tài)表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作。例如: Im leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。
3)“be to+動詞原形”表示按計劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對方意見。例如:
①Are we to go on with this work? 我們繼續(xù)干嗎?
②The boy is to go to school tomorrow.這個男孩明天要去上學。
4)“be about to+動詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生的動作,意為:很快,馬上。后面一般不跟時間狀語。例如: We are about to leave.我們馬上就走。
5)某些詞,如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay 等的一般現(xiàn)在時也可表示將來。例如:
①The meeting starts at five oclock. 會議五點開始。
②He gets off at the next stop. 他下一站下車。
專項練習:
1. There ____ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be
C. is going to be D. will go to be
2. Charlie ____ here next month.
A. isnt working B. doesnt work
C. isnt going to working D. wont work
3. He ____ very busy this week; he ____ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
4. There ____ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have
C. will have D. is going to be
5. ——____ you ____ free tomorrow?
——No. I ____ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
6. Mother ____ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
7. ——Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
——____. (不,不要。)
A. No, you wont B. No, you arent
C. No, please dont D. No, please
8. ——Where is the morning paper?
——I ____ it for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
9. ____ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be
C. There can be D. There are
10. If they come, we ____ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
Key:1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.B