摘要:研究了一類在齊次Neumann邊界條件下具有時滯的Schnakenberg模型,首先,以時滯為分支參數(shù),分析了時滯對該系統(tǒng)正平衡點穩(wěn)定性的影響,并給出了Hopf分支的存在條件.其次,運用中心流形定理和規(guī)范型理論,得到Hopf分支方向和分支周期解的穩(wěn)定性.最后,利用Matlab軟件進行數(shù)值模擬,驗證結論的正確性,得出時滯會使穩(wěn)定的系統(tǒng)變得不穩(wěn)定,并產生Hopf分支.
關鍵詞:擴散;時滯;穩(wěn)定性;Hopf分支;Schnakenberg模型
中圖分類號:0175.26
文獻標志碼:A
Existence and Stability Analysis of Hopf Bifurcation on Schnakenberg Models with Time-delay
WANG Jia-yue1, YUAN Hai-long1.2
(1. School of Mathematics and Data Science,
Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China;
2. School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)
Abstract:In this paper, we study a class of Schnakenberg model with time-delay under the homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. Firstly, the stability of the positive equilibrium point is analyzed with time delay as the parameter, and the existence condition of Hopf bifurcation is given. Secondly, the bifurcation direction and the stability of periodic solution are given by using the theory of normal form and center manifold. Finally, Matlab was used for the numerical simulation to verify the correctness of the conclusion, and it is concluded that the time delay will make the stable system become unstable and generate Hopf bifurcation.
Key words:diffusion; time-delay; stability; Hopf bifurcation; Schnakenberg model
0 引言
Schnackenberg[1]于1979年提出的三分子自 催化反應模型是著名的生化反應模型之一,因其 反應產物對反應速率有加快作用的特點而被廣泛 研究[2-3],它多被用于描述形態(tài)發(fā)生素的空間分布,以及了解各種形態(tài)發(fā)生素與細胞之間的作用 機制,即從部分胚胎發(fā)射出的信號可以決定周圍 許多細胞的位置與分化,這對生化反應的研究 具有重要意義[5-8].近年來,許多學者通過對 Schnakenberg反應擴散模型的分析,得到了豐富
的研究成果.項楠等9給出了反應擴散Schnaken-berg模型的Hopf分支周期解的存在性、穩(wěn)定性以及圖靈不穩(wěn)定性.Khudhair等[10]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)擴 散系數(shù)比值與分數(shù)階擴散功率對模式穩(wěn)定性及形 態(tài)具有關鍵作用,并揭示了正常與異常擴散在模 式形成上的顯著差異.Yang11]通過對Schnaken- berg模型引入交叉擴散改變了圖靈不穩(wěn)定性條 件,并利用多尺度法發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)可能會呈現(xiàn)多種模式.
4結語
本文研究了時滯在偏微分系統(tǒng)中對正平衡點 產生的影響,分析了該平衡點的穩(wěn)定性以及Hopf 分支的存在性,給出了判斷分支方向和分支周期 解穩(wěn)定性的表達式.從分析中得出,當時滯參數(shù)小 于某一臨界值時,正平衡點的穩(wěn)定性不發(fā)生改變. 當時滯參數(shù)大于某一臨界值時,會改變正平衡點 的穩(wěn)定性,系統(tǒng)在其附近產生振蕩并產生Hopf 分支.
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