孫啟祿

主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然 篇幅：379 詞 關(guān)鍵詞：structural color

1 Scientists at the University of Central Florida（UCF） have created a new kind of paint thats superlight and super tough. The colors in the new paintarent at all like those in most paints. Instead， theyremore like the colors on a butterfly‘s wings.

2 The colors in most paints come from pigments—small amounts of colored stuff mixedinto the paint. For hundreds of years， humans have been mixing different minerals， metals，or chemicals together to produce different colors of paints.

3 But nature has another way to create color， called“ structural color”. Structural colorcomes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings， feathers， or shells. Normally，we never see the shapes that create these colors because they‘re so tiny. Now scientistshave used nanotechnology to make paints with structural color.

4 Researchers at UCF werent really planning on making paints. They were trying tocreate a special mirrored surface. But they found supertinypieces of aluminum （鋁） atomson the surface. The researchers were upset because these tiny pieces or “nanoislands”messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the nanoislandsmade colors when light hitthem. They decided to turn their discovery into paints.

5 All the color in the new paint comes from aluminum. There are tiny aluminum flakesand then even tinier nanoparticles （納米粒） that create the colors. The nanoparticles don‘treally produce the color. They simply reflect back a single color. The size of the nanoparticlesdetermines which color gets reflected.

6 Because the new paint doesnt have pigments， the paint is extremely light. A little bit goes a long way. The paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planesand cars. The new paint should last a long time. In regular paints， pigments break downand fade over time. That‘s not true for structural color. Whats more， using the paint onbuildings in cities could help cool cities and reduce the electricity spent on air conditioning.

7 It will probably be a while before you start to paint pictures with structural color. Thescientists know how to make small amounts of the paint in the lab and now they aretrying to figure out how to make large amounts of the paint cheaply.

Reading Check

1. How are the colors in the new paint different from those in most paints？

A. They come from tiny shapes.

B. Their nanoparticles produce colors.

C. They come from chemicals mixed into the paint.

D. They are made from chemicals using nanotechnology.

2. How does the size of the nanoparticles affect the color reflected by the paint？

A. It determines the color that is reflected.

B. It determines the color of the aluminum flakes.

C. It determines the color of the pigments in the paint.

D. It determines the color produced by the nanoparticles.

3. What is paragraph 6 mainly about？

A. The sustainable use of the new paint.

B. The advantages of the new paint.

C. The producing process of the new paint.

D. The future application of the new paint.

4. What is the current challenge the scientists are facing in regard to the new paint？

A. Discovering new applications for the paint.

B. Finding a way to massproduce the paint cheaply.

C. Improving the colors produced by the nanoparticles.

D. Figuring out how to make small amounts of the paint in the lab.

語(yǔ)篇解碼

本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。中佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們開(kāi)發(fā)了一種輕便耐用的顏料，它采用了由鋁制成的結(jié)構(gòu)色。這種顏料具有潛在的節(jié)能優(yōu)勢(shì)，但在擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)。

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)

Ⅰ. 語(yǔ)料薈萃

Ⅱ. 語(yǔ)句分析

1. Normally， we never see the shapes that create these colors because they‘re so tiny.通常情況下，我們看不到產(chǎn)生這些顏色的形狀，因?yàn)樗鼈兲×恕?/p>

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。we never see the shapes是主句，that引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

2. The scientists know how to make small amounts of the paint in the lab and now theyare trying to figure out how to make large amounts of the paint cheaply. 科學(xué)家們知道如何在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中制造少量的顏料，現(xiàn)在他們正試圖找出以低成本制造大量的顏料的方法。

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)由and 連接的并列句。第一個(gè)分句中的how to make...in the lab和第二個(gè)分句中的how to make...cheaply都是“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。

語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用

Ⅰ. 例句仿寫(xiě)

1. 我欽佩那些將傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)融合以創(chuàng)造出令人驚嘆的視覺(jué)效果的藝術(shù)作品。

I admire the artwork?___________________________ to create stunning?visual effects.

2. 我不知道如何用水彩作畫(huà)，但我很想學(xué)習(xí)。

I don't know ___________________________， but Im eager to learn.

Ⅱ. 寫(xiě)作實(shí)踐

假定你是李華，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)上面內(nèi)容，以“Structural color paint： A breakthrough innovation”為題寫(xiě)一篇短文。要點(diǎn)如下：

1. 簡(jiǎn)要介紹這種顏料；

2. 這種顏料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；

3. 挑戰(zhàn)與展望。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Structural color paint： A breakthrough innovation

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