E. B. White

作者簡介：埃爾文·布魯克斯·懷特（E. B. White）（1899—1985），美國當代著名散文家、評論家，以散文名世，其文風“冷峻清麗，辛辣幽默，自成一格”。他生于紐約蒙特弗農，畢業(yè)于康奈爾大學。他為孩子們寫了三本書：《斯圖爾特鼠小弟》（又譯《精靈鼠小弟》）、《夏洛的網》與《吹小號的天鵝》。這些作品成為兒童與大人共同喜愛的文學經典。

作品簡介：《夏洛的網》是一部描寫關于友情的童話。在朱克曼家的谷倉里，小豬威爾伯和蜘蛛夏洛建立了最真摯的友誼。威爾伯的生命有危險時，看似渺小的夏洛用自己的力量救了威爾伯，但這時，蜘蛛夏洛的生命卻走到了盡頭……作者用童話的敘事風格表現(xiàn)出一份對生命本身的贊美與眷戀，給了我們關于生命的深沉的思索。本文節(jié)選自《夏洛的網》第一章節(jié)，節(jié)選時有刪改。

“Wheres Papa going with the ax？”

said Fern to her mother as they were set?ting the table for breakfast.

“Out to the hog house，” replied MrsArable.“ Some pigs were born last night.”“I dont see why he needs an ax，” conti?nued Fern， who was only eight.

“Well，” said her mother，“ one of thepigs is a runt. Its very small and weak， andit will never amount to anything. So your fa?ther has decided to do away with it.”“Doaway with it？” shrieked Fern.“ You meankill it？ Just because its smaller than theothers？” Mrs Arable put a pitcher of creamon the table.“ Dont yell， Fern！” she said.“Your father is right. The pig would pro?bably die anyway.” Fern pushed a chairout of the way and ran outdoors. The grasswas wet and the earth smelled of springtime. Ferns sneakers were sopping by thetime she caught up with her father.

“Please dont kill it！” she sobbed.“Its unfair.” Mr Arable stopped walking.

“Fern，” he said gently，“ you will haveto learn to control yourself.”“ Control my?self？” yelled Fern.“ This is a matter of lifeand death， and you talk about controllingmyself.” Tears ran down her cheeks andshe took hold of the ax and tried to pull itout of her fathers hand.

“Fern，” said Mr Arable， “I knowmore about raising a litter of pigs than youdo. A weakling makes trouble. Now runalong！”“ But its unfair，” cried Fern.“ Thepig couldnt help being born small， couldit？ If I had been very small at birth， wouldyou have killed me？”Mr Arable smiled.“Certainly not，” he said， looking down athis daughter with love.“ But this is differ?ent. A little girl is one thing， and a littlerunty pig is another.”“ I see no difference，”replied Fern， still hanging on to the ax.“This is the most terrible case of injustice Ihave ever heard of.” A strange look cameover John Arables face. He seemed almostready to cry himself.

“All right，” he said.“ You go back tothe house and I will bring the runt when Icome in. Ill let you start it on a bottle， likea baby. Then youll see what trouble a pigcan be.” When Mr Arable returned to thehouse half an hour later， he carried a carton（硬紙箱） under his arm. Fern was upstairschanging her sneakers. The kitchen tablewas set for breakfast， and the room smelledof coffee， bacon， damp plaster， and woodsmoke from the stove.

“Put it on her chair！” said Mrs Ar?able. Mr Arable set the carton down atFerns place. Then he walked to the sinkand washed his hands and dried them onthe roller towel.

Fern came slowlydown the stairs. Hereyes were red fromcrying.

As she approa?ched her chair， thecarton wobbled （搖晃），and there was a scratching noise. Fernlooked at her father. Then she lifted the lidof the carton. There， inside， looking up ather， was the newborn pig. It was a whiteone. The morning light shone through itsears，turning them pink.

“Hes yours，” said Mr Arable. “It issaved from an untimely death.” Ferncouldnt take her eyes off the tiny pig.“Oh，” she whispered. “Oh， look at him！Hes absolutely perfect.” She closed thecarton carefully. First she kissed her father，then she kissed her mother. Then sheopened the lid again， lifted the pig out， andheld it against her cheek.

At this moment her brother Averycame into the room. Avery was ten. He washeavily armed—an air rifle in one hand， awooden dagger in the other.

“Whats that？” he demanded.“ Whathas Fern got？” “She has got a guest forbreakfast，” said Mrs Arable. “Wash yourhands and face， Avery！” “Lets see it！”said Avery， setting his gun down. “Youcall that miserable thing a pig？ Thats afine specimen of a pig—its no bigger thana white rat.”“ Wash up and eat your break?fast， Avery！” said his mother.“ The schoolbus will be along in half an hour.”“ Can Ihave a pig， too， Pop？” asked Avery.

“No， I only distribute pigs to earlyrisers，” said Mr Arable. “Fern was up atdaylight， trying to rid world of injustice. Asa result， she now has a pig. A small one， tobe sure， but nevertheless a pig. It justshows what can happen if a person gets outof bed promptly. Lets eat！”But Ferncouldnt eat until her pig had had a drinkof milk.

Mrs Arable found a babys nursingbottle and a rubber nipple. She pouredwarm milk into the bottle， fitted the nippleover the top， and handed it to Fern.“ Givehim his breakfast！” she said.

A minute later， Fern was seated onthe floor in the corner of the kitchen withher infant between her knees， teaching it tosuck from the bottle. The pig， althoughtiny， had a good appetite and caught onquickly.

The school bus honked from the road.

“Run！” commanded Mrs Arable，taking the pig from Fern and slipping adoughnut into her hand. Avery grabbed hisgun and another doughnut.

The children ran out to the road andclimbed into the bus. Fern took no noticeof the others in the bus. She just sat andstared out of the window， thinking what ablissful world it was and how lucky she wasto have entire charge of a pig. By the timethe bus reached school， Fern had namedher pet， selecting the most beautiful nameshe could think of.“Its name is Wilbur，” she whispered to herself.

ReadingCheck

1. Why did Ferns father take an ax？

2. What happened to the small andweak pig？

3. What words can be used to de?scribe Fern？

4. What name did Fern select for thepig？