曠歧軒, 李青洲, 雷力榮, 郭大樂, 鄧 赟
(成都中醫(yī)藥大學藥學院,中藥材標準化教育部重點實驗室,西南特色中藥資源國家重點實驗室,四川 成都 611137)
冬蟲夏草是麥角菌科真菌冬蟲夏草Cordycepssinensis(Berk.) Sacc.寄生在鱗翅目蝙蝠蛾科昆蟲幼蟲上的子座和幼蟲尸體的干燥復合體,可調(diào)節(jié)免疫、呼吸、生殖和心血管等系統(tǒng)功能[1-2],其中成藥制劑在臨床廣泛使用,用于治療肺腎兩虛、慢性支氣管炎、高血脂癥、肝硬化等[3]。內(nèi)生菌與宿主互利共生,其次生代謝產(chǎn)物一般具有抗蟲、殺菌、抗腫瘤等功效[4-5],故研究冬蟲夏草內(nèi)生菌次生代謝產(chǎn)物的化學成分對發(fā)掘新型藥用微生物資源、尋找替代品、保護種質(zhì)資源具有重要的意義[6]。
鐮刀菌Fusariumsp.分布廣泛,其次生代謝產(chǎn)物抗菌作用、抗病毒、抑制腫瘤細胞生長等[7-8];F.solani對resibufogenin進行生物轉(zhuǎn)化,得到3個低細胞毒性的轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)物[9];海洋源真菌F.solani中分離得到具有抗炎活性的6個新的鐮刀菌素衍生物fusarins G~L[10];波紋擬南芥內(nèi)生真菌F.solani中分離出具有細胞毒性的新的萘醌和氮雜蒽醌衍生物[11];真菌F.solani中分離得到新的烯酸和雙烯酸酯,是一類有效的抗茶樹病原真菌化合物[12]。本實驗研究Fusariumsp.次生代謝產(chǎn)物,豐富了冬蟲夏草內(nèi)生菌次生代謝產(chǎn)物的化學結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性,也為冬蟲夏草與鐮刀菌屬真菌的相互作用提供了化學視角的物質(zhì)基礎。
ISQ EC單四極桿質(zhì)譜儀(美國Thermo Fisher公司);Ascend 700M核磁共振波譜儀(德國Bruker公司);中低壓層析柱、NP7000液相色譜儀(江蘇漢邦儀器有限公司);GF254薄層硅膠板(青島海洋化工廠);立式高壓蒸汽滅菌器(上海申安醫(yī)療有限公司)。乙酸乙酯、三氯甲烷、甲醇(成都科龍化工有限公司,批號2020042203、2020042002、2020051702);超純水為自制。
冬蟲夏草于2018年4月采自甘肅省夏河縣,經(jīng)成都中醫(yī)藥大學蔣桂華教授鑒定為冬蟲夏草Cordycepssinensis。從新鮮冬蟲夏草中分離得到1株內(nèi)生真菌,將其16S rRNA 基因序列提交到NCBI的GenBank基因庫,經(jīng)BLAST比對,故鑒定為Fusariumsolani,保存于成都中醫(yī)藥大學藥學院生化制藥實驗室。
活化后的F.solani菌株經(jīng)液體培養(yǎng)與提取[13-14],得到總浸膏36.26 g,經(jīng)D101大孔樹脂吸附分離后,得到純水部位18.68 g、30%甲醇部位6.84 g、60%甲醇部位5.22 g、甲醇部位5.78 g。60%甲醇部位經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20分離,三氯甲烷-甲醇(50∶50)洗脫,通過TLC、HPLC分析合并得5個流分Fr.A~E。
Fr.A經(jīng)C18鍵、反向硅膠中壓低色譜柱層析,甲醇-水(10∶90~100∶0)洗脫,通過TLC、HPLC分析合并得到9個流分Fr.A1~A9,經(jīng)制備型HPLC分離純化(檢測波長210、254 nm),F(xiàn)r.A2經(jīng)甲醇-水(30∶70)制備得化合物4(3.5 mg)。
Fr.B經(jīng)C18鍵、反向硅膠中壓低色譜柱層析,由醇-水(5∶95~100∶0)洗脫,通過TLC、HPLC分析合并得到12個流分Fr.B1~B12,經(jīng)制備型HPLC分離純化(檢測波長210、254 nm),F(xiàn)r.B1經(jīng)甲醇-水(5∶95)制備得化合物25(1.0 mg),F(xiàn)r.B2經(jīng)甲醇-水(11∶89,tR=26.32、28.24 min)制備得化合物20(0.7 mg)、21(0.8 mg),F(xiàn)r.B3經(jīng)甲醇-水(29∶71,tR= 17.25、18.60 min)制備得化合物11(1.3 mg)、12(0.9 mg),F(xiàn)r.B4經(jīng)甲醇-水(25∶75,tR=19.04、34.59 min)制備得化合物2(8.0 mg)、16(0.8 mg),以及甲醇-水(32∶68,tR=17.99、22.64 min)制備得化合物9(2.6 mg)、3(1.3 mg),F(xiàn)r.B5經(jīng)甲醇-水(40∶60)制備得化合物22(0.7 mg);Fr.B6甲醇-水(35∶65)制備得化合物1(1.5 mg)。
Fr.C經(jīng)C18鍵和反向硅膠中壓低色譜柱層析,甲醇-水(20∶80~100∶0)洗脫,通過TLC、HPLC分析合并得到12個流分Fr.C1~C12,經(jīng)制備型HPLC分離純化(檢測波長210、254 nm),F(xiàn)r.C2經(jīng)甲醇-水(25∶75)制備得化合物13(1.6 mg),F(xiàn)r.C3經(jīng)甲醇-水制備得化合物6(5.3 mg)、10(1.0 mg),F(xiàn)r.C4經(jīng)甲醇-水(22∶78)制備得化合物5(0.7 mg)。
Fr.D經(jīng)C18鍵和反向硅膠中壓低色譜柱層析,甲醇-水(20∶80~100∶0)洗脫,通過TLC、HPLC分析合并得到8個流分Fr.D1~D8,經(jīng)制備型HPLC分離純化(檢測波長210、254 nm),F(xiàn)r.D3經(jīng)甲醇-水制備得化合物17(1.3 mg),F(xiàn)r.D4經(jīng)甲醇-水(40∶60)制備得化合物18(0.6 mg),F(xiàn)r.D6經(jīng)甲醇-水制備得化合物23(0.8 mg)、24(0.7 mg)。
Fr.E經(jīng)C18鍵和反向硅膠中壓低色譜柱層析,甲醇-水(20∶80~100∶0)洗脫,通過TLC、HPLC分析合并得到10個流分Fr.E1~E10,經(jīng)制備型HPLC分離純化(檢測波長210、254 nm),F(xiàn)r.E4經(jīng)甲醇-水(41∶59,tR=38.46 min)制備得化合物15(0.7 mg),F(xiàn)r.E5經(jīng)甲醇-水(45∶55,tR=30.28、37.30 min)制備得化合物7(1.8 mg)、8(2.9 mg),F(xiàn)r.E5經(jīng)甲醇-水(35∶65)制備得化合物14(1.6 mg),F(xiàn)r.E8經(jīng)甲醇-水(70∶30)制備得化合物19(0.6 mg)。
化合物1:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:227.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 4.52 (1H, dd,J=11.1, 6.5 Hz, H-6), 4.46 (1H, t,J=4.4 Hz, H-8), 4.17 (1H, dd,J=7.1, 4.6 Hz, H-3), 3.66 (1H, dd,J=12.8, 4.5 Hz, H-9a), 3.44 (1H, d,J=12.7, 1.5 Hz, H-9b), 2.28 (1H, dd,J=13.3, 6.5 Hz, H-7a), 2.08 (1H, ddd,J=13.2, 11.2, 4.3 Hz, H-7b), 1.93 (1H, m, H-10a), 1.89 (1H, m, H-11), 1.50 (1H, ddd,J=13.1, 7.7, 5.2 Hz, H-10b), 0.97 (3H, d,J=3.7 Hz, H-13), 0.95 (3H, d,J=3.5 Hz, H-12);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 173.1 (C-5), 169.0 (C-2), 69.1 (C-8), 58.7 (C-6), 55.2 (C-3), 54.6 (C-9), 39.4 (C-10), 38.2 (C-7), 25.8 (C-11), 23.3 (C-12), 22.2 (C-13)。與文獻[15]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-4-羥基-(L)-脯氨酸-(L)-亮氨酸。
化合物2:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:211.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 4.26 (1H, dd,J=8.9, 6.9 Hz, H-9), 4.12 (1H, m, H-6), 3.51 (2H, m, H-3), 2.30 (1H, m, H-5a), 1.98~2.06 (2H, m, H-4a, 11), 1.86~1.96 (3H, m, H-4b, 5b, 10a), 1.52 (1H, m, H-10b), 0.96 (3H, d,J=4.3 Hz, H-12), 0.95 (3H, d,J=4.1 Hz, H-13);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 172.8 (C-1), 168.9 (C-7), 60.3 (C-6), 54.6 (C-9), 46.4 (C-3), 39.4 (C-10), 29.1 (C-5), 25.8 (C-11), 23.7 (C-4), 23.3 (C-12), 22.2 (C-13)。與文獻[16]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(L)-脯氨酸-(D)-亮氨酸。
化合物3:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:211.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 4.24 (1H, m, H-6), 3.68 (1H, dd,J=6.3, 0.9 Hz, H-9), 3.61 (1H, m, H-3a), 3.49 (1H, m, H-3b), 2.34 (1H, m, H-5b), 2.02 (1H, m, H-10), 1.90(1H, m, H-5a), 1.60 (1H, m, H-11b), 1.22 (1H, m, H-11a), 1.00 (3H, d,J=6.9 Hz, H-12), 0.95 (3H, t,J=7.4 Hz, H-13);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 171.5 (C-7), 167.9 (C-1), 63.5 (C-6), 59.7 (C-9), 46.8 (C-3), 40.9 (C-10), 30.3 (C-5), 26.1 (C-11), 22.9 (C-4), 15.7 (C-13), 11.6 (C-12)。與文獻[17]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(D)-脯氨酸-(L)-異亮氨酸。
化合物4:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:213.2[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 3.94 (1H, ddd,J=9.2, 4.5, 1.2 Hz, H-6), 3.77 (1H, dd,J=4.4, 1.2 Hz, H-3), 2.22 (1H, m, H-11), 1.87 (1H, m, H-7), 1.75 (1H, ddd,J=13.6, 9.1, 4.5 Hz, H-8a), 1.60 (1H, ddd,J=14.0, 9.2, 5.2 Hz, H-8b), 1.04 (3H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-9), 0.94 - 0.99 (9H, m, H-10, H-12, H-13);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 169.9 (C-5), 168.2 (C-2), 60.1(C-3), 52.9 (C-6), 44.6 (C-7), 32.3 (C-11), 23.9 (C-8), 22.2 (C-13), 20.4 (C-12), 17.9 (C-10), 16.4 (C-9)。與文獻[18]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(L)-異亮氨酸-(L)-纈氨酸。
化合物5:淡黃色固體,ESI-MSm/z:185.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 4.03 (1H, qd,J=7.1, 1.5 Hz, H-3), 3.90 (1H, dd,J=3.4, 1.5 Hz, H-6), 1.96 (1H, m, H-7), 1.52 (1H, m, H-9a), 1.44 (3H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-10), 1.25 (1H, m, H-9b), 1.02 (3H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-11), 0.95 (3H, t,J=7.4 Hz, H-8);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 171.2 (C-4), 169.2 (C-1), 60.9 (C-6), 51.6 (C-3), 40.3 (C-7), 25.6 (C-9), 20.9 (C-11), 15.6 (C-8), 12.2 (C-10)。與文獻[19]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-異亮氨酸-丙氨酸。
化合物6:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:199.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 3.83 (2H, m, H-2, H-5), 2.29 (2H, m, H-7, H-7′), 1.06 (6H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-8, H-8′), 0.95 (6H, d,J=6.9 Hz, H-9, H-9′);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 170.2 (C-3, C-6), 61.2 (C-2, C-5), 33.2 (C-7, C-7′), 19.3 (C-8, C-8′), 17.8 (C-9, C-9′)。與文獻[20]報道基本一致,故鑒定為3,6-二異丙基-2,5-二酮哌嗪。
化合物7:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:227.2[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 8.15 (1H, d,J=2.7 Hz, 1-NH), 8.02 (1H, d,J=2.6 Hz, 4-NH), 3.76 (1H, ddd,J=8.6, 4.0, 1.3 Hz, H-6), 3.68 (1H, m,H-3), 1.83 (2H, m, H-8, 11), 1.62 (1H, ddd,J=13.5, 8.7, 4.7 Hz, H-7a), 1.45 (1H, m, H-7b), 1.42 (1H, m, H-12a) 1.17 (1H, m, H-12b), 0.91 (3H, d,J=7.0 Hz, H-13), 0.88 (3H, d,J=6.7 Hz, H-9), 0.86 (3H, d,J=6.5 Hz, H-10), 0.85 (3H, d,J=7.4 Hz, H-14);13C-NMR (175 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 168.8 (C-5), 167.3 (C-2), 59.3 (C-3), 52.8 (C-6), 44.1 (C-7), 38.7 (C-11), 24.8 (C-12), 24.0 (C-8), 23.6 (C-9), 22.2 (C-10), 15.63 (C-13), 12.25 (C-14)。與文獻[21]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(L)-亮氨酸-(L)-異亮氨酸。
化合物8:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:261.2[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 8.11 (1H, d,J=2.0 Hz, 1-NH), 7.88 (1H, d,J=2.1 Hz, 4-NH), 7.24 (2H, m, H-9, 13), 7.19 (3H, m, H-10, 11, 12), 4.21 (1H, m, H-3), 3.58(1H, m, H-6), 3.16 (1H, dd,J=13.5, 4.1 Hz, H-7a), 2.85 (1H, dd,J=13.5, 5.1 Hz, H-7b), 1.40 (1H, m, H-14), 0.65 (2H, m, H-15), 0.55 (6H, m, H-16, 17);13C-NMR (175 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 166.4 (C-5), 166.3 (C-2), 136.3 (C-8), 130.4 (C-9. C-13), 127.9 (C-10. C-12), 126.5 (C-11), 58.7 (C-6), 55.0 (C-3), 37.8 (C-7), 37.6 (C-14), 23.1 (C-15), 14.4 (C-16), 11.8 (C-17)。與文獻[22]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(D)-苯丙氨酸-(L)-異亮氨酸。
化合物9:淡紅色固體,ESI-MSm/z:241.1[M+Na]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ:7.27 (2H, m, H-2′, 6′), 7.22 (3H, m, H-4′, 3′, 5′), 4.31 (1H, m, H-2), 3.64 (1H, dd,J=4.6, 1.6 Hz, H-5), 3.23 (1H, dd,J=13.8,5,4 Hz, H-6a), 3.03 (1H, dd,J=13.8,4.7Hz, H-6b), 1.64 (1H, m, H-7), 0.79 (3H, d,J=7.0Hz, H-8), 0.43 (3H,J=6.8Hz, H-9):13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 167.9 (C-4), 135.7 (C-1′), 130.1 (C-2′, 6′), 128.2 (C-3′,5′), 126.8 (C-4′), 59.8 (C-5), 55.9 (C-2), 38.7 (C-6), 31.9 (C-7), 17.7 (C-8), 15.7 (C-9)。與文獻[23]報道基本一致,故鑒定為2-isopropyl-5-phe-nylmethyl-imidazolidinone-4-one。
化合物10:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:245.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.33~7.28 (3H, m, H-3′, H-4′, H-5′), 7.18 (2H, m, H-2′, H-6′), 4.20 (1H, m, H-6), 3.54 (1H, m,H-3b), 3.19 (1H, dd,J=13.7, 4.7 Hz, H-10b), 2.99 (1H, m, H-10a), 2.61 (1H, dd,J=10.7, 6.4 Hz, H-3a), 2.03 (1H, m, H-5a), 1.91 (1H, m, H-5b), 1.64 (1H, m, H-4a), 1.33 (1H, m, H-4b);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 171.3 (C-1), 167.4 (C-7), 136.7 (C-1′), 131.3 (C-3′, C-5′), 129.6 (C-2′, C-6′), 128.5 (C-4′), 59.8 (C-6), 59.1 (C-9), 46.1 (C-3), 40.9 (C-10), 29.8 (C-5)。與文獻[24]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(L)-脯氨酸-(L)-苯丙氨酸。
化合物11:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:261.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.29~7.20 (5H, m, H-1′, H-2′, H-3′, H-4′, H-5′, H-6′), 4.48 (1H, m, H-9), 4.36 (1H, ddd,J=11.8, 5.9, 1.9 Hz, H-6), 4.27 (1H, m, H-4), 3.70 (1H, dd,J=13.0, 5.1 Hz, H-3b), 3.28 (1H, m, H-3a), 3.17 (2H, m, H-10), 2.06 (1H, m, H-5a), 1.37 (1H, ddd,J=12.9, 11.7, 4.6 Hz, H-5b);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 171.2 (C-7), 167.1 (C-1), 137.4 (C-1′), 131.0 (C-2′, C-6′), 129.5 (C-3′, C-5′), 128.1 (C-4′), 68.5 (C-4), 58.3 (C-6), 57.6 (C-9), 55.3 (C-3), 38.9 (C-5), 38.0 (C-10)。與文獻[25]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-4-羥基-(L)-脯氨酸-(L)-苯丙氨酸。
化合物12:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:263.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.05~7.01 (2H, m, H-10, H-12), 6.74~6.68 (2H, m, H-9, H-13), 4.24 (1H, ddd,J=5.3, 4.6, 1.6 Hz, H-6), 3.63 (1H. dd,J=4.7, 1.6 Hz, H-3), 3.14 (1H, dd,J=14.0, 5.3 Hz, H-7a), 2.94 (1H. dd,J=14.0, 4.6 Hz, H-7b), 1.65 (1H, m,J=6.9, 4.7 Hz, H-1′), 0.82 (3H, d,J=7.0 Hz, H-3′), 0.49 (3H, d,J=6.8 Hz, H-2′);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 169.6 (C-1), 169.4 (C-4), 157.9 (C-11), 132.4 (C-10, C-12), 127.6 (C-8), 116.3 (C-9, C-13), 61.3 (C-3), 57.5 (C-6), 39.3 (C-7), 33.4 (C-1′), 19.2 (C-3.), 17.2 (C-4′)。與文獻[26]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(L)-纈氨酸-(D)-絡氨酸。
化合物13:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:247.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 8.09 (1H, s, H-1), 7.90 (1H, s, H-4), 7.23 (2H, m, H-9, 13), 7.18 (3H, m, H-10, 11, 12), 4.20 (1H, m, H-6), 3.53 (1H, m, H-3), 3.14 (1H, dd,J=13.5, 4.3 Hz, H-7a), 2.87 (1H, dd,J=13.5, 5.1 Hz, H-7b), 1.70 (1H, m, H-14), 0.64 (3H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-15), 0.26 (3H, d,J=6.9 Hz, H-16);13C-NMR (175 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:166.6 (C-2), 166.4 (C-5), 136.3 (C-8), 130.3 (C-9, 13), 127.9 (C-10, 12), 126.5 (C-11), 59.2 (C-3), 55.0 (C-6), 37.8 (C-14), 31.0 (C-7), 18.2 (C-15), 16.2 (C-16)。與文獻[27]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(L)-苯丙氨酸-(L)-纈氨酸。
化合物14:淡紅色固體,ESI-MSm/z:284.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.58 (1H, m, H-5), 7.33 (1H, m, H-8), 7.09 (2H, m, H-6, H-7), 7.01 (1H, m, H-2), 4.42 (1H, m, H-11), 4.00 (1H, ddd,J=11.0, 6.4, 1.9 Hz, H-14), 3.46 (1H, m, H-17a), 3.27 (1H, m, H-17b), 1.97 (1H, m, H-19a), 1.68 (2H, m, H-18), 0.95 (1H, m, H-19b);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 170.7 (C-13), 167.4 (C-16), 137.9 (C-9), 128.7 (C-4), 125.6 (C-2), 122.6 (C-7), 120.9 (C-6), 119.8 (C-5), 112.3 (C-8), 109.5 (C-3), 60.1 (C-14), 57.2 (C-11), 45.9 (C-17), 29.2 (C-10), 29.1 (C-19), 22.5 (C-18)。與文獻[28]報道基本一致,故鑒定為brevianamide F。
化合物15:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:350.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.59 (1H, dd,J=8.0, 2.7 Hz, H-4), 7.34 (1H, dd,J=8.2, 2.7 Hz, H-7), 7.12 (1H, m, H-6), 7.05 (2H, m, H-5, 2), 6.62 (2H, m, H-18, 20), 6.46 (2H, dd,J=8.7, 2.6 Hz, H-17, 21), 4.17 (1H, m, H-9), 3.86 (1H, m, H-12), 3.04 (1H, dd,J=14.7, 3.9 Hz, H-8a), 2.76 (1H, m, H-8b), 2.56 (1H, m, H-15a), 1.46 (1H, dd,J=13.7, 8.4 Hz, H-15b);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 169.7 (C-11), 169.3 (C-14), 156.2 (C-19), 138.0 (C-7a), 131.9 (C-17, 21), 128.9 (C-3a), 127.7 (C-16), 125.8 (C-2), 122.1 (C-6), 120.2 (C-5), 119.9 (C-4), 116.3 (C-18, 20), 112.5 (C-7), 109.6 (C-3), 57.9 (C-12), 57.1 (C-9), 40.6 (C-15), 31.2 (C-8)。與文獻[29]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(D)-色氨酸-(L)-酪氨酸。
化合物16:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:258.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.59 (1H, d,J=8.0, H-12), 7.31 (1H, d,J=8.1, H-15), 7.06 (2H, m, H-10, 14), 6.99 (1H, ddd,J=8.0, 6.9, 1.0 Hz, H-14), 4.26 (1H, m, H-2), 3.69 (1H, m, H-5), 3.45 (1H, ddd,J=14.7, 3.9, 0.6 Hz, H-8b), 3.14 (1H, ddd,J=14.7, 4.5, 0.7 Hz, H-8a), 0.35 (3H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-7);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 170.6 (C-4), 169.5 (C-1), 137.8 (C-15a), 129.2 (C-11a), 125.8 (C-10), 122.4 (C-12), 120.2 (C-13), 119.9 (C-14), 112.1 (C-15), 109.3 (C-11), 57.5 (C-2), 51.7 (C-5), 30.8 (C-8), 20.0 (C-7)。與文獻[30]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-(D)-丙氨酸-(L)-色氨酸。
化合物17:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:185.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 3.99 (1H, m, H-2), 3.93 (1H, ddd,J=8.5, 4.7, 1.1 Hz, H-5), 1.85 (1H, m, H-7), 1.73 (1H, ddd,J=13.5, 8.6, 4.7 Hz, H-6a), 1.63 (1H, ddd,J=13.9, 8.5, 5.5 Hz, H-6b), 1.44 (3H, d,J=7.1 Hz, H-10), 0.98 (3H, d,J=6.6 Hz, H-8), 0.96 (3H, d,J=6.6 Hz, H-9);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 171.5 (C-4), 170.9 (C-1), 54.6 (C-5), 51.9 (C-2), 45.1 (C-6), 25.3 (C-7), 23.5 (C-8), 22.1 (C-9), 20.9 (C-10)。與文獻[31]報道基本一致,故鑒定為環(huán)-丙氨酸-亮氨酸。
化合物18:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:203.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.55 (1H, dd,J=7.9, 1.0 Hz, H-4), 7.32 (1H, dd,J=8.1, 0.9 Hz, H-1), 7.07 (2H, m, H-3, 7), 7.00 (1H, ddd,J=7.9, 6.9, 1.0 Hz, H-2), 3.46 (2H, m, H-9), 3.46 (2H, t,J=7.4 Hz, H-9), 2.94 (2H, td,J=7.4, 0.9 Hz, H-10), 1.91 (3H, s, H-12);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 173.3 (C-11), 138.2 (C-6), 128.8 (C-5), 123.3 (C-7), 122.3 (C-2), 119.6 (C-3), 119.2 (C-4), 113.3 (C-8), 112.2 (C-1), 41.6 (C-10), 26.2 (C-9), 22.6 (C-12)。與文獻[32]報道基本一致,故鑒定為N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide。
化合物19:淡黃色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:153.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 6.54 (1H, dd,J=2.4, 1.5 Hz, H-3), 5.97 (1H, d,J=2.5 Hz, H-5), 3.81 (3H, s, H-8), 2.02 (3H, d,J=1.7 Hz, H-7);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 189.4 (C-4), 183.5 (C-1), 160.6 (C-2), 145.3 (C-6), 134.5 (C-5), 107.9(C-3), 56.9 (C-8), 15.4 (C-7)。與文獻[33]報道基本一致,故鑒定為2-methoxy-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone。
化合物20:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:281.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 8.27 (1H, s, H-8), 8.21 (1H, s, H-2), 6.01 (1H, d,J=4.7 Hz, H-1′), 4.85 (1H, m, H-3′), 4.51 (1H, m, H-2′), 4.48 (1H, m, H-4′), 3.40 (1H, m, 5′a), 3.35 (1H, m, 5′b), 2.67 (3H, s, H-7′);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 157.4 (C-6), 153.9 (C-2), 150.5 (C-4), 142.2 (C-8), 120.6 (C-5), 91.1 (C-1′), 79.4 (C-4′), 74.9 (C-2′), 74.4 (C-3′), 56.1 (C-5′), 38.3 (C-7′)。與文獻[34]報道基本一致,故鑒定為5′-deoxy-5′-methylamino-9-(α-L-lyxofuranosyl)adenine。
化合物21:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:281.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 8.25 (1H, s, H-8), 8.20 (1H, s, H-2), 6.00 (1H, d,J=4.9 Hz, H-1′), 4.91 (1H, m, H-3′), 4.43 (2H, m, H-2′, 4′), 3.53 (1H, m, 5′a), 3.19 (1H, m, 5′b), 2.67 (3H, s, H-7′);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 157.4 (C-6), 153.8 (C-2), 150.4 (C-4), 142.2 (C-8), 120.9 (C-5), 91.3 (C-1′), 79.6 (C-4′), 75.0 (C-2′), 74.4 (C-3′), 58.9 (C-5′), 39.2 (C-7′)。與文獻[34]報道基本一致,故鑒定為5′-deoxy-5′-methylamino-adenosine。
化合物22:淡黃色固體,ESI-MSm/z:193.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 6.19 (1H, dd,J=2.4, 0.8 Hz, H-2), 6.13 (1H, d,J=2.4 Hz, H-4), 2.55 (3H, s, H-8), 2.39 (3H, s, H-9);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 206.2 (C-7), 164.3 (C-5), 163.2 (C-3), 142.6 (C-1), 118.2 (C-6), 112.1 (C-2), 101.7 (C-4), 32.9 (C-8), 23.3 (C-9)。與文獻[35]報道基本一致,故鑒定為monapurpureusin。
化合物23:淡黃色固體,ESI-MSm/z:180.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.02 (2H, m, H-7, 11), 6.70 (2H, m, H-8, 10), 3.32 (2H, m, H-4), 2.67 (2H, m, H-5), 1.90 (3H, s, H-1);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 173.2 (C-1), 156.9 (C-9), 131.2 (C-6), 130.7 (C-7, 11), 116.2 (C-8, 10), 42.4 (C-4), 35.7 (C-5), 22.5 (C-1)。與文獻[36]報道基本一致,故鑒定為N-乙酰基酪胺。
化合物24:白色固體,ESI-MSm/z:167.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 7.31 (2H, m, H-7, 11), 7.25 (3H, m, H-8, 9, 10), 4.88 (1H, m, H-4), 4.03 (1H, m, H-2), 2.98 (2H, m, H-5), 2.34 (1H, ddd,J=13.3, 8.2, 4.0 Hz, H-3a), 2.18 (1H, ddd,J=13.3, 7.7 Hz, H-3b);13C-NMR (175 MHz, CD3OD)δ: 179.1 (C-1), 137.6 (C-6), 130.7 (C-7, 11), 129.6 (C-8, 10), 127.9 (C-9), 79.8 (C-4), 68.0 (C-2), 41.9 (C-5), 36.3 (C-3)。與文獻[35]報道基本一致,故鑒定為trans-harzialactone A。
化合物25:無色固體,ESI-MSm/z:183.1[M+H]+。1H-NMR (700 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 4.40 (2H, d,J=5.6 Hz, 3-OH, 4-OH), 4.32 (2H, t,J=5.7 Hz, 1-OH, 6-OH), 4.13 (2H, d,J=7.2 Hz, 2-OH, 5-OH), 3.37~3.62 (8H, m, H-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);13C-NMR (175 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 71.3 (C-2, 5), 69.7 (C-3, 4), 63.9 (C-1, 6)。與文獻[37]報道基本一致,故鑒定為D-甘露醇。
本實驗從冬蟲夏草內(nèi)生菌F.solani中分離鑒定出25個化合物,主要為環(huán)二肽類,其中化合物1~17、19~24為首次從該真菌的次生代謝產(chǎn)物中發(fā)現(xiàn)。該類成分在抗腫瘤、抑菌、免疫調(diào)節(jié)、抗氧化、殺蟲等方面均顯示出較好的生物活性,可為冬蟲夏草相關藥物開發(fā)提供新思路。