熊瑛 吳錚 陳敏聰包麗婷
[摘要]目的:探討脈沖染料激光聯(lián)合點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療痤瘡后增生性瘢痕患者的瘢痕修復(fù)效果及對皮膚屏障的影響。方法:選取2019年12月-2020年8月筆者醫(yī)院收治126例的痤瘡后增生性瘢痕患者為研究對象,以隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對照組和觀察組,每組63例。對照組實(shí)施點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療,觀察組在對照組的基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)施脈沖染料激光治療,兩組均持續(xù)治療4個(gè)月。比較兩組治療4個(gè)月后的瘢痕修復(fù)效果,治療期間的臨床指標(biāo),治療前、治療4個(gè)月后的皮膚屏障功能及生活質(zhì)量。結(jié)果:治療4個(gè)月后,觀察組瘢痕修復(fù)總有效率為87.30%,高于對照組的66.67%,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),觀察組皮膚紅腫、炎性滲出及愈合時(shí)間均短于對照組,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);與治療前比較,治療4個(gè)月后兩組皮膚經(jīng)皮水分丟失量、紅斑指數(shù)均降低,觀察組低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),而兩組角質(zhì)層含水量、痤瘡癥狀、自我感知、情感功能及社會(huì)功能評分均升高,觀察組高于對照組,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:脈沖染料激光聯(lián)合點(diǎn)陣鉺激光可明顯縮短痤瘡后增生性瘢痕患者皮膚紅腫、炎性滲出及愈合時(shí)間,并可改善患者皮膚屏障功能,提高生活質(zhì)量,進(jìn)而有助于提高瘢痕修復(fù)效果。
[關(guān)鍵詞]痤瘡;增生性瘢痕;脈沖染料激光;點(diǎn)陣鉺激光;修復(fù)效果;皮膚屏障功能
[中圖分類號(hào)]R758.73+3? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]A? ? [文章編號(hào)]1008-6455(2022)04-0028-04
Effect of Pulsed Fuel Laser Combined with Fractional Erbium Laser on Scar Repair and Skin Barrier in Function Patients with Post-acne Hypertrophic Scar
XIONG Ying1,WU Zheng2,CHEN Mincong1,BAO Liting1
(1.Department of Dermatology and Venereology,Longgang District Hospital for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518100,Guangdong,China;2.Department of Dermatology,People's Hospital of Longgang District,Shenzhen 518100,Guangdong,China)
Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of pulsed fuel laser combined with fractional erbium laser on scar repair and skin barrier function in patients with post-acne hypertrophic scar. Methods 126 patients with post-acne hypertrophic scar admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by a random number table,with 63 cases in each group.The control group received fractional erbium laser treatment, and the observation group received pulsed fuel laser treatment on the basis of the control group.Both groups continued treatment for 4 months.The scar repair effect of the two groups after 4 months of treatment,the clinical indicators during treatment,the skin barrier and the quality of life before and after 4 months of treatment were compared between the two groups. Results? After 4 months of treatment,the total effective rate of scar repair in the observation group was 87.30%, higher than 66.67% in the control group (P<0.05).The time of skin redness, inflammatory exudation and healing of the observation group were shorter than the control group (P<0.05).Compared with before treatment, after 4 months of treatment,the skin water loss and erythema indexes of the two groups decreased, the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05).While the cuticle water content, the scores of acne symptoms, self-perception, emotional function,and social function increased,the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pulsed fuel laser combined with fractional erbium laser could significantly shorten the time of skin redness,inflammatory exudation and healing of patients with post-acne hypertrophic scar,and could improve the skin barrier function of patients, improve the quality of life,and help improve the scar repair effect.
Key words: acne; hypertrophic scar; pulsed fuel laser; fractional erbium laser; repair effect; skin barrier function
尋常痤瘡若未對患者進(jìn)行及時(shí)有效治療,愈合后可形成增生性瘢痕,進(jìn)而對患者面容美觀造成嚴(yán)重影響[1-2]。目前,臨床治療痤瘡后增生性瘢痕多以激光治療為主,其中點(diǎn)陣鉺激光作用于患者面部皮膚可在一定程度上促進(jìn)其面部損傷組織在短時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù),但近年來有研究指出[3],僅靠點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療的效果不理想。而脈沖染料激光是一種基于光熱效應(yīng)的激光技術(shù),其主要通過激活真皮纖維細(xì)胞,使膠原纖維重新排列,從而達(dá)到修復(fù)瘢痕的效果[4]。但目前關(guān)于脈沖染料激光聯(lián)合點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療對痤瘡后增生性瘢痕患者瘢痕修復(fù)效果及皮膚屏障的影響仍有待進(jìn)一步研究,基于此,本研究選取126例痤瘡后增生性瘢痕患者進(jìn)行隨機(jī)研究,旨在為臨床治療痤瘡后增生性瘢痕提供依據(jù),現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1? 資料和方法
1.1 一般資料:選取2019年12月-2020年8月筆者醫(yī)院收治的126例痤瘡后增生性瘢痕患者為研究對象,以隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對照組和觀察組,每組63例。對照組男33例,女30例,年齡18~35歲,平均(26.49±3.05)歲,體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)19~25 kg/m2,平均(23.22±0.29)kg/m2,病程1~5年,平均(3.41±0.33)年,發(fā)病部位其中顳部8例,額部15例,頰部40例;觀察組男32例,女31例,年齡18~37歲,平均(26.53±3.08)歲,BMI 19~24 kg/m2,平均(23.18±0.25)kg/m2,病程1~7年,平均(3.45±0.37)年,發(fā)病部位其中顳部9例,額部17例,頰部37例。兩組患者年齡、性別、BMI、病程及發(fā)病部位等一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究經(jīng)筆者醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)同意。
1.2 納入和排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
1.2.1 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①符合《現(xiàn)代瘢痕學(xué)》[5]中關(guān)于增生性瘢痕的相關(guān)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),且符合《中國痤瘡治療指南(2019修訂版)》[6]中關(guān)于痤瘡的相關(guān)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)者;②對脈沖染料激光及點(diǎn)陣鉺激光不具有相關(guān)禁忌證者;③無語言及認(rèn)知障礙,能夠積極配合治療者;④對本研究知情同意者;⑤臨床資料齊全者。
1.2.2 排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①伴有皮膚癌及激光換膚治療史者;②近3個(gè)月內(nèi)服用過光敏藥物者;③皮損周圍伴有皮膚感染,且為瘢痕體質(zhì)者;④合并嚴(yán)重惡性腫瘤、凝血功能異常、血液系統(tǒng)疾病及自身免疫性疾病者;⑤心、肝、腎等重要器官嚴(yán)重?fù)p害者;⑥妊娠及哺乳期女性。
1.3 治療方法:觀察組給予脈沖染料激光聯(lián)合點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療,即每個(gè)月第1周第1天先對患者實(shí)施脈沖染料激光治療,儀器選用Vbeam脈沖染料激光治療儀(購自美國CADE-LA公司),治療能量10~15 J/cm2,頻率1.5 Hz,光斑直徑7 mm,脈寬1.5~2.0 ms,并根據(jù)瘢痕面積進(jìn)行調(diào)整;第2周第1天實(shí)施點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療,儀器選用非剝脫點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療儀(購自韓國Sellas公司),能量5~50 J/cm2,光斑密度49~256 PPA,1次/月;對照組則僅實(shí)施點(diǎn)陣鉺激光治療,方法同觀察組。兩組均持續(xù)治療4個(gè)月。
1.4 觀察指標(biāo)
1.4.1 瘢痕修復(fù)效果:治療前、治療4個(gè)月后,根據(jù)痤瘡瘢痕權(quán)重評分下降指數(shù)(SSRI)[7]評估兩組瘢痕修復(fù)效果,并由同一醫(yī)師進(jìn)行評估,其中SSRI≤0.3為無效,0.3