国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害影響的Meta分析

2022-02-16 02:54章力干石心怡王玉寶楊欣潤(rùn)常婷婷
關(guān)鍵詞:發(fā)病率作物秸稈

章力干,石心怡,王玉寶,楊欣潤(rùn),2,余 舫,江 彤,常婷婷,馬 超

秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害影響的Meta分析

章力干1,石心怡1,王玉寶1,楊欣潤(rùn)1,2,余 舫1,江 彤3,常婷婷4,馬 超1※

(1. 農(nóng)田生態(tài)保育與污染防控安徽省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,安徽省綠色磷肥智能制造與高效利用工程研究中心,自然資源部江淮耕地資源保護(hù)與生態(tài)修復(fù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院,合肥 230036;2.南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院,南京 210095;3.安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物保護(hù)學(xué)院,合肥 230036;4.河海大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院,南京 210095)

秸稈還田作為一項(xiàng)重要的生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)措施,對(duì)于農(nóng)作物病害的影響一直備受關(guān)注卻尚未形成完全一致的觀點(diǎn)。為明確秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的影響及其在不同病害類型、環(huán)境條件和農(nóng)業(yè)管理方式下的具體表現(xiàn),該研究采用Meta方法,系統(tǒng)分析了公開(kāi)發(fā)表的中國(guó)范圍內(nèi)秸稈還田對(duì)作物病害影響相關(guān)研究。結(jié)果表明:秸稈還田會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),增幅分別達(dá)9.5%和12.2%(<0.05)。病害類型、環(huán)境條件和農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施會(huì)顯著改變秸稈還田對(duì)作物病害發(fā)生的影響。具體地,病毒病害和土傳病害對(duì)秸稈還田的響應(yīng)較為敏感;亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候下還田病害顯著減輕,溫帶季風(fēng)氣候下顯著加重,水田下還田病害較輕,旱地,尤其是冬小麥與春玉米輪作下還田病害加重顯著,微酸性土壤中還田病害輕于微堿性土壤,此外,土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量大于15 g/kg、土壤小于7 000 kg/hm2、初始碳氮比大于15時(shí)還田均會(huì)導(dǎo)致病害的加重。線性回歸分析顯示,秸稈還田病害發(fā)生與年平均降雨量、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與初始碳氮比和土壤pH值呈正相關(guān)。綜上,通過(guò)增加初始氮肥用量、改善土壤墑情以及在微酸性土壤上的應(yīng)用,可最大限度地減少秸稈還田下中國(guó)主要糧食作物的病害發(fā)生。研究可為中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的綠色防控以及秸稈資源高效利用提供理論依據(jù)。

作物;秸稈;病害;主要糧食作物;發(fā)病率;病情指數(shù);Meta分析

0 引 言

中國(guó)秸稈每年生產(chǎn)量超過(guò)10億t,其中三大主要糧食作物秸稈產(chǎn)量接近8億t[1]。秸稈富含N、P、K等多種營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素及有機(jī)質(zhì)等,秸稈還田具有提高土壤肥力、改良土壤結(jié)構(gòu)和提高作物產(chǎn)量等作用[2-3]。然而,隨著秸稈還田的不斷推廣,越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)顯示秸稈還田可能會(huì)增加農(nóng)作物的病害,且在糧食作物上表現(xiàn)的尤為明顯[4]。而小麥、玉米和水稻作為中國(guó)主要糧食作物,明確秸稈還田對(duì)其病蟲(chóng)害發(fā)生的影響具有重要意義。為此,前人開(kāi)展了大量田間試驗(yàn)[5-6],但由于獨(dú)立的田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果會(huì)受到其特定的試驗(yàn)條件的影響,導(dǎo)致相關(guān)研究的結(jié)論表現(xiàn)出較大的變異性。有學(xué)者指出秸稈還田能夠抑制病原菌生長(zhǎng)和病害的發(fā)生,但也有研究表明秸稈還田后作物病害明顯加重[7-8],以小麥為例,喬玉強(qiáng)等[7]研究表明,秸稈還田提高了小麥赤霉病病穗率和病情指數(shù),并且隨施氮量的增加,赤霉病病穗率和病情指數(shù)均呈遞增勢(shì);而Rodgers-Gray等[8]的研究指出秸稈還田減少了冬小麥赤霉病、白粉病等病害的發(fā)生。上述分歧產(chǎn)生的原因可能與其環(huán)境條件和農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施有關(guān)[9-12]。目前,秸稈施用對(duì)作物病蟲(chóng)害發(fā)生的綜合效應(yīng)及影響因素并不清楚。例如,秸稈還田對(duì)作物病蟲(chóng)害的影響是否因氣候條件和土壤性質(zhì)不同而異,當(dāng)季作物種類、秸稈類型和還田量是否會(huì)影響秸稈還田的作用效果。此外,前述問(wèn)題難以通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的單一小區(qū)試驗(yàn)研究解決。前人研究表明,Meta分析研究可以對(duì)現(xiàn)有試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行綜合的定量化分析,系統(tǒng)分析某種措施的綜合效應(yīng)及其影響因素,能夠有效解決單組試驗(yàn)不能解決的問(wèn)題。

綜上,本研究擬采用Meta分析方法,對(duì)全國(guó)范圍的主要糧食作物秸稈還田獨(dú)立試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行綜合分析,定量研究秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的影響及其在不同環(huán)境條件和農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施下的差異,以探明秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病蟲(chóng)害的綜合效應(yīng)及影響因素。

1 材料與方法

1.1 數(shù)據(jù)收集與分類

以“秸稈還田或殘茬保留或秸稈摻入(straw return or residue retention or straw incorporation)、病害(diseases)、水稻(rice)、小麥(wheat)、玉米(maize)”為關(guān)鍵詞,在中國(guó)知網(wǎng)、Web of Science進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)檢索,收集2021年12月之前公開(kāi)發(fā)表的期刊論文。通過(guò)以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)篩選:1)試驗(yàn)區(qū)域?yàn)橹袊?guó)且在田間進(jìn)行試驗(yàn);2)同一試驗(yàn)需包含配對(duì)的處理組和對(duì)照組,處理組為秸稈還田,對(duì)照組為秸稈不還田,且處理組和對(duì)照組除秸稈還田與否之外,其他試驗(yàn)條件嚴(yán)格一致;3)收集數(shù)據(jù)包含發(fā)病率、病情指數(shù)及其他相關(guān)信息;4)種植作物種類為水稻、小麥和玉米三大糧食作物?;谝陨蠘?biāo)準(zhǔn),共篩選出符合要求的數(shù)據(jù)369組,涉及河北、安徽、江蘇等糧食生產(chǎn)大省,覆蓋了中國(guó)東北、華北、西北和東南4個(gè)區(qū)域,本文收集的數(shù)據(jù)主要源于以下文獻(xiàn)(表1)。

表1 Meta分析所用的研究

本文根據(jù)獲取數(shù)據(jù)情況及前人研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)綜合考慮,選取病害類型(氣傳病害、種傳病害、病毒病害、土傳病害)、氣候類型(亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候、溫帶季風(fēng)氣候和溫帶大陸性氣候)、土壤pH值(<6.5、6.5~7.5、>7.5)、土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)(Soil Organic Matter,SOM)(≤15 g/kg、>15 g/kg)[23]作為環(huán)境因素,還田條件(旱地和水田)、作物類型(水稻、小麥、玉米)、秸稈類型(水稻、小麥、玉米)[24]、秸稈還田量(<4 000 kg/hm2、4 000~7 000 kg/hm2、>7 000 kg/hm2)和還田初始C/N(<15、15~25、>25)作為農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施,以闡明秸稈還田對(duì)糧食作物病害的影響。其中氣傳病害主要包括小麥銹病、水稻稻瘟病、玉米大小斑病等;種傳病害主要包括小麥赤霉病、水稻惡苗病等;病毒病害主要包括水稻條紋葉枯病、小麥黃矮病等;土傳病害主要包括玉米紋枯病、小麥紋枯病等。還田初始C/N的計(jì)算式如下[25]:

式中為秸稈施用量,g/hm2;Cs為秸稈碳含量,g/kg;Ns為秸稈氮含量,g/kg,Nf為基礎(chǔ)氮肥使用量,g/hm2。

1.2 整合分析

以對(duì)照組(秸稈不還田)糧食作物的發(fā)病率或病情指數(shù)與處理組(秸稈還田)糧食作物的發(fā)病率或病情指數(shù)的比值為響應(yīng)比。采用式(2)計(jì)算效應(yīng)值[26]。

ln=ln(X/X)(2)

式中為響應(yīng)比,ln為效應(yīng)值,XX代表秸稈還田處理和秸稈不還田處理下水稻、小麥或玉米的發(fā)病率或病情指數(shù)。

Meta分析得到效應(yīng)值,用式(3)計(jì)算作物病害效應(yīng)的變化百分?jǐn)?shù):

lnRR=(elnR?1)×100% (3)

式中l(wèi)nRR為處理組相對(duì)于對(duì)照組病害增加或減少的變化。

發(fā)表偏倚檢驗(yàn)使用R語(yǔ)言中的“metafor”軟件包[27-28]進(jìn)行分析,采用Egger test法或羅森塔爾失安全系數(shù)法進(jìn)行評(píng)判[29-31]。

1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析

總體效應(yīng)大小用隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型的加權(quán)重采樣方法計(jì)算[32]。如果95%的置信區(qū)間不與0重合,則效果顯著為正或負(fù)[33];如果某一因素不同分組95%的置信區(qū)間不重疊,則分組之間的作用差異顯著。采用線性回歸分析效應(yīng)值與各個(gè)可量化的影響因子(如年平均降水量、年平均溫度、土壤pH值等)。Meta分析采用METAWIN 2.1軟件進(jìn)行,線性回歸分析和圖表均使用Origin 9.0進(jìn)行。

2 結(jié)果與分析

2.1 秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物病害的總體影響

本研究共篩選后得到369組數(shù)據(jù),經(jīng)羅森塔爾失安全系數(shù)分析,發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果分別為失效安全數(shù)分別為1 820 206和8 883,其統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義為至少需要1 820 206和8 883組具有發(fā)表偏倚性的研究數(shù)據(jù)才能改變本研究的結(jié)論,可知數(shù)據(jù)不存在偏倚[29-30]。整合分析結(jié)果顯示,與秸稈不還田相比,秸稈還田總體上會(huì)顯著增加主要糧食作物的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),增幅分別為9.5%和12.2%(<0.05)(圖1)。

2.2 秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物不同類型病害的影響

與秸稈不還田相比,秸稈還田會(huì)顯著增加主要糧食作物病毒病害和土傳病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)(<0.05);秸稈還田雖對(duì)氣傳病害和種傳病害的發(fā)病率的增加未達(dá)顯著水平(>0.05),但還田后會(huì)顯著增加二者的病情指數(shù),其中種傳病害顯著增加75.7%(<0.05)(圖2)。

注:括號(hào)內(nèi)的數(shù)值代表樣本數(shù),點(diǎn)和誤差線分別代表效應(yīng)值及其95%的置信區(qū)間,如果95%的置信區(qū)間沒(méi)有跨越零線表示處理與對(duì)照存在顯著差異;下同。

2.3 不同環(huán)境條件下秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物病害的影響

在亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候地區(qū),秸稈還田會(huì)顯著降低中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),分別降低了24.9%和16.6%(<0.05);而在溫帶季風(fēng)性氣候地區(qū),秸稈還田則會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),分別增加了26.2%和21.7%(<0.05)(圖3)。對(duì)比土壤狀況發(fā)現(xiàn),酸性土壤下秸稈還田,作物病害發(fā)病率顯著降低了41.6%(<0.05);在堿性土壤條件下還田,作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)顯著增加,分別達(dá)26.2%和18.4%(<0.05);中性土壤條件下秸稈還田,作物病害的病情指數(shù)顯著增加14.6%(<0.05)(圖3)。而從SOM含量上看,SOM >15 g/kg下秸稈還田會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),分別增加了26.2%和9.2%,≤15 g/kg的條件下秸稈還田顯著增加作物病害的病情指數(shù)27.1%(<0.05)(圖3)。

圖2 秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物不同病害類型發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)的影響

注:STM:亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候;NTM:溫帶季風(fēng)氣候;NTC:溫帶大陸氣候。SOM為土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)。下同。

2.4 不同農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施下秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的影響

旱地進(jìn)行秸稈還田會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的發(fā)病率(13.8%,<0.05)和病情指數(shù)(16.3%,<0.05),但在水田條件下作物病害發(fā)病率卻顯著降低了24.9%(<0.05)(圖4)。在作物為玉米和水稻時(shí),秸稈還田對(duì)病害發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)的影響不顯著,而當(dāng)作物為小麥時(shí)病害發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)顯著增加,分別增加了8.6%和15.6%(<0.05)(圖4)。玉米秸稈還田將作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)分別顯著增加16.2%和18.0%,而水稻秸稈還田卻使得作物病害發(fā)病率顯著降低了43.7%(<0.05)(圖4)。秸稈還田量>7 000 kg/hm2時(shí),作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)分別顯著了16.5%和14.3%(<0.05);初始C/N為15~25時(shí)也會(huì)顯著增加病害發(fā)病率(26.2%,<0.05)和病情指數(shù)(18.9%,<0.05),但是當(dāng)C/N>25時(shí),秸稈還田僅會(huì)顯著增加病害病情指數(shù)(圖4)。

圖4 不同農(nóng)藝措施下秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)的影響

2.5 秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害影響與環(huán)境和管理因子關(guān)聯(lián)性分析

通過(guò)線性回歸分析了6個(gè)環(huán)境變量(年平均降雨量、年平均溫度、pH值、SOM、秸稈還田量和還田初始C/N)對(duì)秸稈還田效應(yīng)值的影響(圖5)。結(jié)果顯示,中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害發(fā)病率對(duì)秸稈還田的響應(yīng)與年平均降雨量呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(<0.05),而與土壤pH值呈極顯著正相關(guān)(<0.01);中國(guó)主要糧食作物的病害病情指數(shù)對(duì)秸稈還田的響應(yīng)與年平均降雨量(<0.01)和土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量(<0.05)分別呈極顯著和顯著負(fù)相關(guān),而與初始C/N卻呈顯著正相關(guān)(<0.05)。

注:lnR1為發(fā)病率效應(yīng)值,lnR2為病情指數(shù)效應(yīng)值。

3 討 論

3.1 秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物病害的總體影響

研究結(jié)果表明,秸稈還田與秸稈不還田相比會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),尤其對(duì)土傳病害和病毒病害(圖1和圖2)。這或歸因于還田秸稈中本身存在一些病原菌,秸稈還田后會(huì)將其自身攜帶的病菌帶入土壤,并為病菌提供了生存場(chǎng)所,導(dǎo)致病菌數(shù)量不斷累積,增加初侵染源數(shù)量導(dǎo)致病害的加重發(fā)生[34]。至于種傳病害也會(huì)因秸稈還田而有所增加(圖2),主要原因可能是因?yàn)榻斩捴写嬖谟胁報(bào)w植株,如果未經(jīng)過(guò)處理就直接混入土壤中,可導(dǎo)致土壤中病原菌數(shù)量大量增加,極易導(dǎo)致種傳病害的發(fā)生[35]。此外,秸稈混入土壤后還可通過(guò)增加耕層土壤的溫度和濕度[9]以及釋放多種營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素等為病原菌提供較為充足的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和生長(zhǎng)條件[21],從而促進(jìn)病原菌的存活,導(dǎo)致水稻、小麥和玉米等作物病害發(fā)生程度顯著加重。

3.2 不同環(huán)境條件和下秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物病害的影響

亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候區(qū)進(jìn)行秸稈還田能顯著降低中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害(圖3)。這可能歸因于亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候的高溫高濕條件超出了病原菌生長(zhǎng)最適范圍,不利于病害的發(fā)生[36],降雨量較大時(shí)秸稈更易被發(fā)酵腐解,病原菌喪失優(yōu)良的存活場(chǎng)所,導(dǎo)致病原菌數(shù)量顯著下降[37],且降水強(qiáng)度過(guò)大,尤其是降大暴雨或連續(xù)降雨,對(duì)于部分病菌如小麥白粉病等是不利的,因?yàn)檫@會(huì)使得病株上的菌絲變褐、表面黏結(jié)、減少和延長(zhǎng)分生孢子的產(chǎn)生和傳播[38]。線性回歸分析也表明,秸稈還田后糧食作物的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)均隨年平均降水量的增加而下降(圖5a和5g)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)溫帶大陸性氣候也屬于不適宜病菌生存的環(huán)境,而溫帶季風(fēng)性氣候?qū)儆谳^為適宜的氣候條件,原因可能是其降雨和溫度條件有利于大多數(shù)病菌的繁殖和擴(kuò)散,其田間條件下更加適宜病原菌的生存,因此還田后顯著增加作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù)[39]。中性和堿性土壤條件下秸稈還田會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害,而在酸性土壤條件下作物病害顯著降低(圖3)。這可能是由于酸性條件不利于病原菌的生存,研究表明,秸稈腐解產(chǎn)生的酸性物質(zhì)能抑制病原菌生長(zhǎng),且濃度越高抑制作用越強(qiáng)[40-41]。然而,無(wú)論SOM含量小或大,秸稈還田均會(huì)顯著增加農(nóng)作物病害的病情指數(shù),且較高的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量導(dǎo)致病害更為嚴(yán)重(圖3和圖5)。這或是由于土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)通過(guò)提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)的方式促進(jìn)了病原菌的增殖,導(dǎo)致作物病害加重發(fā)生[4]。

3.3 不同農(nóng)藝管理措施下秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物病害的影響

旱地秸稈還田會(huì)顯著增加中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),而水田秸稈還田后作物的發(fā)病率卻會(huì)顯著降低(圖4)。這可能是秸稈混入旱地后易導(dǎo)致表層土壤的濕度和溫度升高,有利于病原菌的生長(zhǎng)和繁殖[42-43];而水田條件下土壤病原菌則會(huì)因其厭氧環(huán)境和秸稈厭氧發(fā)酵而受到抑制[44-46]。玉米秸稈還田可顯著增加作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),這或是由于玉米本身品種和病害種類多樣,以及玉米秸稈還田極大地增加了多種病原菌在土壤中的數(shù)量,導(dǎo)致這些土傳病害逐年加重[47-48]。此外,水稻、玉米和小麥病原菌寄生轉(zhuǎn)化性的差異也是其發(fā)病率發(fā)生變化的原因[49-50]。當(dāng)作物類型為小麥時(shí)病害會(huì)顯著增加,這可歸因于小麥根系分泌物對(duì)病原菌的繁殖或孢子萌發(fā)均有明顯促進(jìn)作用[51-52]。秸稈還田量>7 000 kg/hm2時(shí)會(huì)顯著增加作物病害的發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),而<7 000 kg/hm2時(shí)對(duì)作物病害的發(fā)生影響不顯著。這可能是秸稈可為病原菌的繁殖提供基質(zhì)和營(yíng)養(yǎng)[42],還田秸稈量大時(shí)會(huì)將更多的病原菌帶入土壤,增加病害的發(fā)生可能性[21]。初始C/N范為15~25時(shí)顯著增加發(fā)病率和病情指數(shù),而>25時(shí)顯著增加病情指數(shù),這可能是因?yàn)榈适┯貌蛔銓?dǎo)致微生物與作物競(jìng)氮,導(dǎo)致作物苗期生長(zhǎng)弱、易染病。線性回歸顯示,作物病害與初始C/N比呈顯著正相關(guān),也證實(shí)了上述推論[53-54]。

本研究是應(yīng)用Meta分析對(duì)秸稈還田條件下主要糧食作物病害及其影響因素進(jìn)行了初步定量的分析,這有助于揭示秸稈還田對(duì)主要糧食作物病害影響機(jī)制。但病害發(fā)生受多種因素的影響,這些因素之間可能存在一定的交互作用,對(duì)病害影響機(jī)制還需要進(jìn)一步的研究。

4 結(jié) 論

對(duì)發(fā)表文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行Meta分析,研究結(jié)果表明:

1)整體而言,與不還田相比,秸稈還田增加了中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害,可使發(fā)病率增加9.5%,病情指數(shù)增加12.2%。

2)在不同環(huán)境條件和農(nóng)業(yè)措施下,秸稈還田對(duì)病害發(fā)生的影響表現(xiàn)出明顯差異。其中,亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候下秸稈還田引起的病害會(huì)減輕,而溫帶季風(fēng)氣候下病害加重;土壤偏酸性時(shí)秸稈還田導(dǎo)致的病害會(huì)減少,而土壤偏堿性時(shí)病害會(huì)增加;水田條件下還田秸稈帶來(lái)的病害會(huì)降低,而在旱地,特別是麥玉輪作制度下秸稈還田后作物的病害會(huì)增加。

3)秸稈還田下作物病害會(huì)隨著土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、秸稈還田量、初始C/N的增加而增加。

綜上,在中國(guó)年平均降雨量和年平均溫度較高的區(qū)域,水田和偏酸性土壤條件下進(jìn)行秸稈還田不會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的病害發(fā)生,并且秸稈還田時(shí)提高初始氮肥用量和改善土壤墑情將有助于減少秸稈還田后作物病害。

致謝:衷心感謝南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)韋中教授在研究設(shè)計(jì)和數(shù)據(jù)分析過(guò)程中給予的寶貴建議!

[1] 柴如山,安之冬,馬超,等. 我國(guó)主要糧食作物秸稈鉀養(yǎng)分資源量及還田替代鉀肥潛力[J]. 植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報(bào),2020,26(2):201-211.

Chai Rushan, An Zhidong, Ma Chao, et al. Potassium resource quantity of main grain crop straw and potential for straw incorporation to substitute potassium fertilizer in China[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(2): 201-211. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[2] 韓魯佳,閆巧娟,劉向陽(yáng),等. 中國(guó)農(nóng)作物秸稈資源及其利用現(xiàn)狀[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào),2002,18(3):87-91.

Han Lujia, Yan Qiaojuan, Liu Xiangyang, et al. Crop straw resources and their utilization status in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2002, 18(3): 87-91. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[3] Wang Y J, Bi Y Y, Gao C Y, et al. The assessment and utilization of straw resources in China[J]. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2010, 9: 1807-1815.

[4] 齊永志. 玉米秸稈還田的微生態(tài)效應(yīng)及對(duì)小麥紋枯病的適應(yīng)性控制技術(shù)[D]. 保定:河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué),2014.

Qi Yongzhi. Micro-ecological Effect of Maize Straw Returning to Field and the Adaptive Control Technology on Wheat Sheath Blight[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2014. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[5] 王振躍,施艷,李洪連. 玉米秸稈還田配施生防放線菌S024對(duì)麥田土壤微生物及小麥紋枯病的影響[J]. 生態(tài)學(xué)雜志,2011,30(2):311-314.

Wang Zhenyue, Shi Yan, Li Honglian. Effects of maize stover return combined with biocontrol of Actinomycetes S024 on soil microorganisms and wheat sheath blight in wheat field[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2011, 30(2): 311-314. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[6] Bailey K L, Lazarovits G. Suppressing soil-borne diseases with residue management and organic amendments[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2003, 72(2): 169-180.

[7] 喬玉強(qiáng),曹承富,趙竹,等. 秸稈還田與施氮量對(duì)小麥產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)及赤霉病發(fā)生的影響[J]. 麥類作物學(xué)報(bào),2013,33(4):727-731.

Qiao Yuqiang, Cao Chengfu, Zhao Zhu, et al. Effects of straw-returning and N-fertilizer application on yield, quality and occurrence of fusarium head blight of wheat[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2013, 33(4): 727-731. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[8] Rodgers-Gray B S, Shaw M W. Substantial reductions in winter wheat diseases caused by addition of straw but not manure to soil[J]. Plant Pathology, 2000, 49(5): 590-599.

[9] Chen H G, Cao Q G, Xiong G L, et al. Composition of wheat rhizosphere antagonistic bacteria and wheat sharp eyespot as affected by rice straw mulching[J]. Pedosphere, 2010, 20(4): 505-514.

[10] 趙永強(qiáng),徐振,張成玲,等. 稻麥秸稈全量還田對(duì)小麥紋枯病發(fā)生的影響[J]. 西南農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào),2017,30(5):1063-1067.

Zhao Yongqiang, Xu Zhen, Zhang Chengling, et al. Effects of total wheat and rice straw return on occurrence of wheat sharp eyespot[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 30(5): 1063-1067. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[11] 李祎君,王春乙,趙蓓,等. 氣候變化對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)害與病蟲(chóng)害的影響[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào),2010,26(增刊1):263-271.

Li Yijun, Wang Chunyi, Zhao Bei, et al. Impact of climate change on agricultural meteorological disasters and diseases and insect pests in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2010, 26(Suppl 1): 263-271. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[12] 楊長(zhǎng)成,鄭雅楠,高增貴,等. 耕作方式對(duì)玉米主要病蟲(chóng)害的影響[J]. 江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué),2013,41(2):122-124.

Yang Changcheng, ZhengYanan, Gao Zenggui, et al. Effects of tillage methods on main diseases and insect pests of maize[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 41(2): 122-124. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[13] 甄文超. 玉米秸稈還田對(duì)冬小麥土傳病害影響的研究[C].昆明:中國(guó)植物病理學(xué)會(huì)2009年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì),2009.

Zhen Wenchao. Effects of returning corn straw to field on soil borne diseases of Winter Wheat[C]. Kunming: 2009 Annual Meeting of Chineses Society of Plant Pathology, 2009. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[14] 胡穎慧,時(shí)新瑞,李玉梅,等. 秸稈深翻和免耕覆蓋對(duì)玉米土傳病蟲(chóng)害及產(chǎn)量的影響[J]. 黑龍江農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué),2019(5):60-63.

Hu Yinghui, Shi Xinrui, Li Yumei, et al. Effect of straw deep returning on soil and no-tillage mulch on soil-borne diseases, pests and yield of maize[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019(5): 60-63. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[15] 李亞莉,朱建蘭,施炯林. 秸稈覆蓋全程節(jié)水對(duì)小麥病害發(fā)生的影響[J].植物保護(hù),2004,30(4):42-45.

Li Yali, Zhu Jianlan, Shi Jionglin. Effect of whole water saving of straw covering on the occurrence of wheat diseases[J]. Plant Protection, 2004(4): 42-45. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[16] 方日?qǐng)?,趙慧清,方娟. 不同保護(hù)性耕作對(duì)渭北旱原冬小麥病害發(fā)生的影響[J]. 中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào),2007,23(3):194-197.

Fang Riyao, Zhao Huiqing, Fang Juan. Effect of different conservation tillage on the occurrence of dry-primary winter wheat diseases in northern Weihe[J]. China Agriculture Bulletin, 2007, 23(3): 194-197. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[17] 張大偉,李鳳博,卞新民. 不同耕作方式與秸稈還田對(duì)直播稻田土壤容重及病蟲(chóng)草害影響研究[C]. 沈陽(yáng):中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)會(huì)耕作制度分會(huì)2008年會(huì),2008.

Zhang Dawei, Li Fengbo, Bian Xinmin. Effect of different tillage methods and straw returning to the field on soil capacity and insect pests and diseases in live rice fields[C]. Shenyang: 2008 annual meeting of research progress of China society of Agriculture, 2008. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[18] 熊桂林. 施肥對(duì)小麥根際微生物的效應(yīng)及其對(duì)小麥紋枯病的影響[D]. 南京:南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué),2008.

Xiong Guilin. Effect of Fertilization on Wheat Rhizosphere Microorganisms and its Effects on Wheat Sheath Blight[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2008. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[19] 李洪林,劉鳳艷,龔振平,等. 稻稈還田對(duì)水稻主要病害發(fā)生的影響[J]. 作物研究,2012,26(1):7-10.

Li Honglin, Liu Fengyan, Gong Zhenping, et al. Effect of rice straw returning to the field on the occurrence of major rice diseases[J]. Crop Research, 2012, 26(1): 7-10. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[20] 馬璐璐,閆翠梅,馮彩蓮,等. 玉米秸稈還田對(duì)假禾谷鐮刀菌及小麥莖基腐病化感效應(yīng)的模擬研究[J]. 河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2019,42(3):38-44.

Ma Lulu, Yan Cuimei, Feng Cailian, et al. Simulation of the pathogenic effect of corn straw returning onand wheat stalk[J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural University, 2019, 42(3): 38-44. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[21] Zhu H, Wang Z G, Luo X M, et al. Effects of straw incorporation on Rhizoctoniasolani inoculum in paddy soil and rice sheath blight severity[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2014, 152(5): 741-748.

[22] 陸寧海,楊蕊,郎劍鋒,等. 秸稈還田對(duì)土壤微生物種群數(shù)量及小麥莖基腐病的影響[J]. 中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào),2019,35(34):102-108.

Lu Ninghai, Yang Rui, Lang Jianfeng, et al. Straw returning affects soil microbial population and wheat crown rot[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2019, 35(34): 102-108. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[23] 楊欣潤(rùn),許邶,何治逢,等. 整合分析中國(guó)農(nóng)田腐稈劑施用對(duì)秸稈腐解和作物產(chǎn)量的影響[J]. 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué),2020,53(7):1359-1367.

Yang Xinrun, Xu Bei, He Zhifeng, et al. Integrated analysis of the effect of straw rot agent application on straw rot solution and crop yield in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(7): 1359-1367. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[24] 楊竣皓,駱永麗,陳金,等. 秸稈還田對(duì)我國(guó)主要糧食作物產(chǎn)量效應(yīng)的整合(Meta)分析[J]. 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué),2020,53(21):4415-4429.

Yang Junhao, Luo Yongli, Chen Jin, et al. Integration (Meta) analysis of straw Return on major grain crops in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21): 4415-4429. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[25] He Z F, Yang X R, Xiang J, et al. Does strawreturning amended with straw decomposing microorganism inoculants increase the soil major nutrients in China’s farmlands? [J]. Agronomy, 2022, 12: 890.

[26] Hedges L V meta-analysis package, Gurevitch J, Curtis P S. The Meta-Analysis of response ratios in experimental ecology[J]. Ecology, 1999, 80: 1150-1156.

[27] Viechtbauer W. Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package[J]. Journal of Statistical Software, 2010, 36: 1-48.

[28] Wickham H. Ggplot2: Glegant Graphics for Data Analysis. Use R! [M] Heidelberg, Berlin: Germany Springer Science & Business Media, 2009.

[29] Rosenthal R. The file-drawer problem and tolerance of null result [J]. Psychological Bulletin, 1979, 86(3): 638-641.

[30] Egger M, Smith G D, Schneider M, et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test[J]. British Medical Journal, 1997, 315(7109): 629-634.

[31] Bracken M B. Statistical methods for analysis of effects of treatment in overviews of randomized trials[M]. Sinclair J C, Bracken M B. Effective Care of the Newborn Infant. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press, 1992: 13-20.

[32] Rosenberg M S, Adams D C, Gurevitch J. Metawin: Statistical Software for Meta-Analysis with Resampling Tests[M]. America: Sinauer Associates Inc, 1997.

[33] Hedges L V, Olkin I .Statistical Methods for Meta-aAnalysis[M]. New York: Academic Press, 1985.

[34] 王漢朋,景殿璽,周如軍,等. 玉米秸稈還田量對(duì)土壤性質(zhì)、秸稈腐解及玉米紋枯病的影響[J]. 玉米科學(xué),2018,26(6):160-164,169.

Wang Hanpeng, Jing Dianxi, Zhou Rujun, et al. Effects of maize straw returning amounts on soil characteristics, straw decomposition and corn sheath blight[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2018, 26(6): 160-164, 169. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[35] 馬書(shū)芳,朱德慧,曹輝輝,等. 秸稈全量還田對(duì)農(nóng)作物病蟲(chóng)害的影響及防控對(duì)策[J]. 中國(guó)植保導(dǎo)刊,2016,36(7):75-77.

Ma Shufang, Zhu Dehui, Cao Huihui, et al. Effect of total straw returning to the field on crop diseases and insect pests and its prevention and control countermeasures[J]. China Plant Protection Guide, 2016, 36(7): 75-77. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[36] 張蕾. 氣候變化背景下農(nóng)作物病蟲(chóng)害的變化及區(qū)域動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)警研究[D]. 北京:中國(guó)氣象科學(xué)研究院,2013.

Zhang Lei. Variation and Regional Dynamic Warning of Crop Disease and Pests under Climate Change[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 2013. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[37] 李昌明,王曉玥,孫波. 不同氣候和土壤條件下秸稈腐解過(guò)程中養(yǎng)分的釋放特征及其影響因素[J]. 土壤學(xué)報(bào),2017,54(5):1206-1217.

Li Changming, Wang Xiaoyue, Sun Bo. Characteristics of nutrient release and its affecting factors during plant residue decomposition under different climate and soil conditions[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017, 54(5): 1206-1217. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[38] 霍治國(guó),陳林,劉萬(wàn)才,等. 中國(guó)小麥白粉病發(fā)生地域分布的氣候分區(qū)[J]. 生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào),2002,22(11):1873-1881.

Huo Zhiguo, Chen Lin, Liu Wancai, et al. Climate zone of regional distribution of wheat powdery mildew in China[J]. Acta Ecological Sinica, 2002, 22(11): 1873-1881. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[39] 王麗,霍治國(guó),張蕾,等. 氣候變化對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)作物病害發(fā)生的影響[J]. 生態(tài)學(xué)雜志,2012,31(7):1673-1684.

Wang Li, Huo Zhiguo, Zhang Lei, et al. Effects of climate change on the occurrence of crop diseases in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, 31(7): 1673-1684. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[40] 郭曉源. 玉米秸稈還田對(duì)玉米大斑病發(fā)生及流行要素的影響[D]. 沈陽(yáng):沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué),2016.

Guo Xiaoyuan. Effects of Returning Corn Straw to the Field on the Occurrence and Epidemic Factors of Corn Leaf Spot[D]. Shenyang: Shenyang Agricultural University, 2016. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[41] 陳麗鵑,周冀衡,陳閨,等. 秸稈還田對(duì)作物土傳病害的影響及作用機(jī)制研究進(jìn)展[J]. 作物研究,2018,32(6):535-540.

Chen Lijuan, Zhou Jiheng, Chen Gui, et al. Research progress of influence and mechanism of field strawresidue incorporation on soil-borne diseases in crops[J]. Crop Research, 2018, 32(6): 535-540. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[42] Chen W D, Hoitink H A J, Schmitthenner A F, et al. The role of microbial activity in suppression of damping-off caused by Pythiumultimum[J]. Phytopathology, 1988, 78: 314-322.

[43] Chung Y R, Hoitink H A J, Dick W A, et al. Effects of organic matter decomposition level and cellulose amendment on the inoculum potential of Rhizoctoniasolani in hardwood bark media[J]. Phytopathology, 1988, 78: 836-840.

[44] 戴志剛,魯劍巍,李小坤,等. 不同作物還田秸稈的養(yǎng)分釋放特征試驗(yàn)[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào),2010,26(6):272-276.

Dai Zhigang, Lu Jianwei, Li Xiaokun, et al. Nutrient release characteristics of different crop straws manure[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2010, 26(6): 272-276. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[45] 代文才,高明,蘭木羚,等. 不同作物秸稈在旱地和水田中的腐解特性及養(yǎng)分釋放規(guī)律[J]. 中國(guó)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào),2017,25(2):188-199.

Dai Wencai, Gao Ming, Lan Muling, et al. The characteristics and nutrient release rules of different crop straw in dry land and paddy field[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecological Agriculture, 2017, 25(2): 188-199. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[46] 何艷,嚴(yán)田蓉,郭長(zhǎng)春,等. 秸稈還田與栽插方式對(duì)水稻根系生長(zhǎng)及產(chǎn)量的影響[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào),2019,35(7):105-114.

He Yan, Yan Tianrong, Guo Changchun, et al. Effect of straw returning and planting method on the root growth and yield of rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2019, 35(7): 105-114. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[47] 王曉鳴,段燦星.玉米病害和病原名稱整理及其漢譯名稱規(guī)范化探討[J]. 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué),2020,53(2):288-316.

Wang Xiaoou, Duan Canxing. reorganization of maize disease and causal agent names and disscution on their standardized translation of chinese Names[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(2): 288-316. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[48] 王曉鳴,晉齊鳴,石潔,等. 玉米病害發(fā)生現(xiàn)狀與推廣品種抗性對(duì)未來(lái)病害發(fā)展的影響[J]. 植物病理學(xué)報(bào),2006,36(1):1-11.

Wang Xiaoming, Jin Qiming, Shi Jie, et al. The status of maize diseases and the possible effect of variety resistance on disease occurrence in the future[J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2006, 36(1): 1-11. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[49] 王陳驕子,賀曉霞,楊媚,等. 水稻、玉米和小麥紋枯病菌對(duì)3種作物的交互致病性[J]. 華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2015,36(6):82-86.

Wang Chenjiaozi, He Xiaoxia, Yang Mei, et al. Cross-pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia spp. from rice、maize and wheaton these three crops[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2015, 36(6): 82-86. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[50] 顏思齊,吳幫承,唐顯富,等. 禾谷類作物紋枯病研究Ⅰ:水稻、玉米、小麥紋枯病和棉花立枯病四者之間的關(guān)系[J].植物病理學(xué)報(bào),1984,14(1):25-32.

Yan Siqi, Wu Bangcheng, Tang Xianfu, et al.Sheath blight of cereal crops on the relation between sheath blight of rice, maize and wheat as well as soreshin of cotton[J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 1984, 14(1): 25-32. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[51] Zhou B L, Yin Y L, Li Y P, et al. Relationship between root exudates of grafted eggplants and Verticillium wilt resistance and their components identification[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(11): 3073-3079.

[52] Yu J Q, Matsui Y. Effects of root exudates of cucumber (L.) and allelochemicals on ion uptake by cucumber seedling[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology 1997, 23(3): 817-827.

[53] Dai Z G, Su W Q, Chen H H, et al. Long-term nitrogen fertilization decreases bacterial diversity and favors the growth of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in agro-ecosystems across the globe[J]. Global Change Biology, 2018, 24: 3452-3461.

[54] 麥逸辰,卜容燕,韓上,等. 添加不同外源氮對(duì)水稻秸稈腐解和養(yǎng)分釋放的影響[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào),2021,37(22):210-219.

Mai Yichen, Bu Rongyan, Han Shang, et al. Effects of adding different exogenous nitrogen on rice straw decomposition and nutrient release[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2021, 37(22): 210-219. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Meta-analysis for the impacts of straw return on the diseases of major grain crops in China

Zhang Ligan1, Shi Xinyi1, Wang Yubao1,Yang Xinrun1,2, Yu Fang1, Jiang Tong3, Chang Tingting4, Ma Chao1※

(1.,230036,; 2.,,210095,; 3.,230036,; 4.,,210095)

Straw returning has been one of the most important practices in agricultural management. At the same time, crop diseases, in this case, have been always concerned in China. It is a high demand to clarify the effect of straw returning on the prevalence of diseases of main grain crops. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine the overall impact of straw returning on the occurrence of the main grain crop diseases. The key factors were also evaluated in response to various environmental factors and agronomic interventions. The data was collected from the published studies before December, 2021. The effective data was selected from the works of literature including: 1) the experiments were conducted in the croplands of China, and 2) the same experiment needed to include the paired treatment and control group. The treatment group was the straw returning to the field, and the control group was no straw returning. The rest experimental conditions of the treatment and control group were strictly consistent, except for whether the straw returned to the field or not. 3) The collected articles contained the incidence rate or disease index data. 4) The crops and returned straw were set as the main food crops rice, wheat, and maize. A total of 369 data sets were obtained to classify, according to the environmental conditions and agricultural management measures. Specifically, the environmental conditions included the climate type, soil pH, and soil organic matter (SOM). Agricultural management measures included the land use type, crop type, straw type, straw returning amount, and initial C/N. The results showed that the straw returning to the field significantly increased the incidence rate and disease index of the main grain crops, indicating an increase of 9.5% and 12.2%, respectively (<0.05). There was a most serious increase in the virus and soil-borne diseases. Different environmental conditions and agricultural management practices presented a significant impact on the occurrence of major grain crop diseases under straw returning. Among them, the diseases of returning farmland decreased significantly in the subtropical monsoon climate, whereas, there was an increase in the temperate monsoon climate. Returning rice straw to the paddy field was beneficial to the reduction of the diseases. The disease increased significantly in the dry land, especially the wheat-corn rotation. The disease in the slightly acidic soil was lower than that in the slightly alkaline soil. In addition, the occurrence of diseases significantly increased under the conditions of soil organic matter (SOM), the straw returning amount, and the initial C/N were greater than 15 g/kg, 7 000 kg/hm2, and 15, respectively. The linear analysis demonstrated that there was a strong negative correlation of the annual precipitation and organic matter content with the occurrence of straw-returning disease, whereas, the initial C/N and soil pH presented a substantial positive correlation. Therefore, straw returning to the paddy fields and acidic soil cultivation greatly contribute to the fewer diseases in China with the high annual average rainfall and warmth. At the same time, a better way is to raise the initial application rate of nitrogen fertilizer.

crops; straw; diseases; main crop; incidence rate; disease index; Meta-analysis

10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.21.012

S141.9; S432

A

1002-6819(2022)-21-0093-08

章力干,石心怡,王玉寶,等. 秸稈還田對(duì)中國(guó)主要糧食作物病害影響的Meta分析[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào),2022,38(21):93-100.doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.21.012 http://www.tcsae.org

Shi Xinyi, Wang Yubao, Yang Xinrun, et al. Meta-analysis for the impacts of straw return on the diseases of major grain crops in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(21): 93-100. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.21.012 http://www.tcsae.org

2022-03-33

2022-08-10

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32071628);安徽省科技重大專項(xiàng)(201903b06020013);安徽省高校自然科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目(KJ2021ZD0009);安徽省大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目(S20211036113)

章力干,副教授,研究方向?yàn)轲B(yǎng)分高效利用研究。Email:zhligan@ahau.edu.cn

馬超,博士,副教授,研究方向?yàn)橥寥郎鷳B(tài)學(xué)研究。Email:chaoma@ahau.edu.cn

猜你喜歡
發(fā)病率作物秸稈
多曬太陽(yáng)或可降低結(jié)直腸癌發(fā)病率
作物遭受霜凍該如何補(bǔ)救
四種作物 北方種植有前景
解讀“一號(hào)文件”:推進(jìn)秸稈綜合利用
推廣秸稈還田 有效培肥土壤
ARIMA模型在肺癌發(fā)病率預(yù)測(cè)中的應(yīng)用
內(nèi)生微生物和其在作物管理中的潛在應(yīng)用
秸稈綜合利用模式探索
宮內(nèi)節(jié)育器與宮頸糜爛發(fā)病率的臨床研究
新型環(huán)保吸聲材料——菌絲體膠合秸稈
凯里市| 公安县| 河曲县| 常德市| 班戈县| 东方市| 阿拉善左旗| 平遥县| 个旧市| 左权县| 安康市| 明水县| 淄博市| 华阴市| 满洲里市| 繁昌县| 茌平县| 铜鼓县| 贺兰县| 洛浦县| 加查县| 华容县| 宜丰县| 广宗县| 基隆市| 娄底市| 灌云县| 甘孜县| 齐河县| 海淀区| 廉江市| 广灵县| 安陆市| 玛多县| 龙江县| 嘉鱼县| 乡城县| 武定县| 江津市| 平乐县| 巴塘县|