孫佳慧

How to avoid moral guilt-tripping

你遭遇過“道德綁架”嗎？

“The one who persuades others to forgive ought to be struck by lightning and split in half （勸人大度，天打雷劈 Qu3n r9n d3d&， ti`nd2-l9ip～）.” So goes a line from one of Chinas most famous crosstalk performers， Guo Degang. Forgiveness is a traditional Chinese virtue and still highly valued today， but this quote from Guo is widely loved and frequently repeated， as people believe it can serve as a weapon to fight against 道德綁架 （d3od9 b2ngji3， moral kidnapping）.

Moral kidnapping can be understood as the Chinese equivalent of John Stuart Mills “moral coercion of public opinion.” This is where individuals use unreasonably high moral standards as an excuse to force others to forgive mistreatment or make sacrifices. If the victim does not meet these demands， the accuser labels them as immoral.

One well-known example of moral coercion in Chinese pop culture occurred in an episode of the TV show Dream of China in 2017. A woman contacted the producers in an attempt to reunite with the daughter she had abandoned over 20 years ago. In the program， host Zhou Libo berates the daughter for “being selfish” after she refused to reconnect with her biological mother：

Do you know what a secret sorrow is？ If you want to be happy， you should accept [your mother]. If your adopted parents dont accept it， they are too selfish.

N@ zh～d3o sh9nme ji3o n1ny1nzh～y@n ma？ Rugu6 n@ xi2ngy3o x#ngf%， ji& y～ngg`i ji8sh7u. R%gu6 n@ de y2ngf& y2ngm^ li1n zh-ge d4u b% yu3ny# dehu3， t`men w-imi2n t3i z#s～ le.

你知道什么叫難言之隱嗎？如果你想要幸福，就應該接受。如果你的養(yǎng)父養(yǎng)母連這個都不愿意的話，他們未免太自私了。

After the show was aired， Zhou was targeted by public criticism. Netizens were infuriated by Zhous insensitivity and defined his behavior as daode bangjia. The term has since become a buzzword referring to individuals on social media and in daily life who are fond of guilt-tripping others and giving unsolicited moral advice. This commonly takes the form of urging someone to forgive and forget：

Live and let live. He has apologized， so what more do you want？

D9 r1o r9n ch& qi0 r1o r9n ba， t` d4u d3oqi3n le， n@ h1i xi2ng z0nme y3ng？

得饒人處且饒人吧，他都道歉了，你還想怎么樣？

She didnt do it on purpose. Life is hard on everyone， so why are you so harsh to her？

T` y0 b% sh# g&y# de， d3ji` d4u b& r5ngy#， h9b# zh-me j～nj～n-j#ji3o ne？

她也不是故意的，大家都不容易，何必這么斤斤計較呢？

Traditional virtues are also weaponized to morally kidnap others. For example， signs and announcements on public transit often urge passengers to offer their seats to children and the elderly under the slogan “尊老愛幼是中華民族的傳統美德 （Z$nl2o-3iy7u sh# Zh4nghu1 m！nz% de chu1nt6ng m0id9， Respecting the old and cherishing the young is a traditional virtue of Chinese civilization）.” You could be sick or exhausted， but moral kidnappers wont bother to ask you.

As a youngster， cant you show some common courtesy？ How can you just sit there while an elderly person is standing nearby？ Didnt anyone ever teach you to respect the old and cherish the young？

Ni1nj# q～ngq～ng de， n9ng b& n9ng y6udi2nr g4ngd9x～n？ N3me d3 ni1nj# de r9n z3i p1ngbi`n zh3nzhe， n@ ji& zu7 z3i n3r y！ d7ng b% d7ng？ Y6u m9i y6u r9n ji`oguo n@ y3o z$nl2o-3iy7u？

年紀輕輕的，能不能有點兒公德心？那么大年紀的人在旁邊站著，你就坐在那兒一動不動？有沒有人教過你要尊老愛幼？

However， being the older party doesnt necessarily mean youll receive respect either. Ever been irritated by that kid screaming on a train or plane？ Telling them to stop or taking it up with their parents might seem like the sensible thing to do， but expect criticism for your intolerance by those “responsible” adults：

Look at how young he is！ If hes being unreasonable， are you going to be unreasonable too？ How can you lower yourself to his level？

N@ k3nkan t` c1i du4 d3？ T` b& d6ngsh#， n@ y0 b& d6ngsh#？ Z0nme n9ng h9 xi2oh1izi y#b`n ji3nshi ne？

你看看他才多大？他不懂事，你也不懂事？怎么能和小孩子一般見識呢？

Nobody can beat your own parents when it comes to moral guilt-tripping though—and Chinese parents in particular are aided by the lethal and ancient weapon of filial piety. Just by engaging in conflict with their parents， a Chinese person may be regarded as committing a moral faux pas by their extended family and other acquaintances， regardless of who is right and who is wrong：

How old are you？ Can you do anything except make your mom angry？ Your mom raised you for nothing！

N@ du4 d3 de r9n le？ Ch%le r0 n@ m` sh8ngq# n@ h1i hu# g3n sh1？ N@ m` b1i b2 n@ y2ng zh-me d3.

你多大的人了？除了惹你媽生氣你還會干啥？你媽白把你養(yǎng)這么大。

Many parents are aware of this， and it is a stereotype that Chinese mothers are especially fond of using the line “那都是為了你好 （N3 d4ush# w-ile n@ h2o， Its all for your own good）” to justify controlling their children or to defend themselves from criticism：

As the folk saying goes， “Parents never make mistakes.” Whatever we do is for your own good. How can you be so ungrateful？

S%hu3 shu4， ti`nxi3 w% b%shi de f&m^. W6men b&gu2n zu7le sh9nme， d4ush# w-ile n@ h2o a. N@ z0nme n9ng zh-me m9i li1ngx～n ne？

俗話說，天下無不是的父母。我們不管做了什么，都是為了你好啊。你怎么能這么沒良心呢？

Another common target of moral coercion is the wealthy or privileged. In the eyes of many—netizens especially—the rich are obliged to be generous. Whenever there is news of a wealthy person refusing to help those less fortunate， even those completely unrelated to themselves， there will be online comments labeling them “為富不仁 （w9if&-b&r9n， rich but heartless）.”

In 2006， several singers and actors organized a poverty alleviation drive throughout the country， but when the organizers contacted actress Fan Bingbing to participate， she apparently declined with a curt response. After the media reported the story， a survey conducted by Sohu found that over 85 percent of nearly 30，000 respondents thought Fan deserved to be condemned. Such feelings have since become more common. Whenever there is a natural or man-made disaster today， there will invariably be netizens who point fingers at big stars who didnt donate as much as expected.

She earns so much but refused to donate. Thats so selfish. Celebrities ought to repay society.

T` zhu3n n3me du4 qi1n qu- sh0bude ju`n， t3i z#s～ le. M！ngx～ng y3o hu！b3o sh-hu#.

她賺那么多錢卻舍不得捐，太自私了。明星要回報社會。

Though ordinary people dont enjoy the same popularity or incomes as celebrities， anyone who has any money is in danger of moral coercion， usually from people seeking a loan：

Youre so rich， does this money make that much difference to you？ Tell me straight if you dont see me as your friend！

N# zh-me y6uqi1n， ch3 zh-di2nr qi1n ma？ B& b2 w6 d`ng p9ngyou zh！shu4 a.

你這么有錢，差這點兒錢嗎？不把我當朋友直說啊。

But if you loaned the money and want it back now， you might be rejected with the exact same sentence. Either way， its probably time to end the friendship.

In the workplace， capable employees often find themselves assigned more work than their colleagues—without extra pay. But you had better be flattered and accept it， as a Chinese idiom suggests： “A more capable person is always busier （能者多勞 n9ngzh0-du4l1o）.”

You are more capable than him， so its only natural you should take on more responsibilities.

N@ n9ngl# b@ t` qi1ng， z#r1n y3o du4 ch9ngd`n y#xi8 z9r-n.

你能力比他強，自然要多承擔一些責任。

We are part of the same team， so dont quibble over who gets assigned more work. Be a team player！

D3ji` z3i y！ g- tu1ndu# li g4ngzu7， b%y3o j#ji3o sh9i g3n de du4， y3o y6u tu1ndu# j～ngsh9n！

大家在一個團隊里工作，不要計較誰干得多，要有團隊精神！

Lets face it， moral coercion exists everywhere in life. Maybe the root of the problem is our tendency to have double standards： We expect others to play by strict moral rules which we ourselves seldom adhere to. But while the morally righteous may quote traditional Chinese sayings to justify their position， the ancient sages were in fact wise enough not to impose unrealistic demands on ordinary people. According to Confucius， one does not need to forgive every enemy because “if you repay evil with good， what do you repay good with （以德報怨，何以報德 y@d9-b3oyu3n， h9y@ b3o d9？）？” Mencius also says one does not need to be excessively generous： “Look after yourself when in hardship; benefit others when in prosperity （窮則獨善其身，達則兼濟天下 Qi5ng z9 d% sh3n q！ sh8n， d1 z9 ji`nj# ti`nxi3）.”

Most importantly， as Confuciuss famous quote tells us： 己所不欲，勿施于人 （J@ su6 b% y&， w& sh～ y% r9n， Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you）. That is to say， dont morally kidnap others—unless youre OK with getting kidnapped yourself.