ABSTRACTS

Paul Burkett’s Defense of the Ecological Dimension in Marx’s Labor Theory of Value

⊙Wei Jia & Li Xiaochun

As one of the representatives of ecological Marxism in North America， Paul Burkett has published many works to refute and demonstrate the deconstruction of Marx’s labor theory of value by some ecological economists. He returned to Marx’s work itself， reiterated the importance of Marx’s natural status in the labor process， interpreted the basic concepts of Marx’s labor theory of value， and clarified the ecological background of Marx’s political economy. Burkett’s defense of the ecological dimension in Marx’s labor theory of value has defended the mainstream position of Marxism， and helped people understand Marxist theory from a more comprehensive perspective.

A Review of Research on the Socialist View of Ecological Civilization in the New Era

⊙Ye Jinhua

The “socialist view of ecological civilization” proposed at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is general and fundamental in its emphasis on the relationship between man and nature in the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. At present， there are fruitful academic research achievements concerning the socialist view of ecological civilization in the new era， and they mainly focus on the following three aspects： first， the connotation of the socialist view of ecological civilization; second， the development of the socialist view of ecological civilization; and third， Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought. The current research is characteristic of combining grand narrative with micro analysis， integrating practice and theory， and taking multidisciplinary perspectives. The future research is going to be done in the following aspects： to further promote multidisciplinary collaborative research， to make a scientific and rational interpretation of the concepts in the latest discourse， to improve the research on the subject of socialist ecological civilization construction， to actively expand the global influence of the socialist view of ecological civilization， and to avoid excessive interpretation.

Biodiversity and the Anthropocene Earth： Challenges， Threats， and Hope

⊙Holmes Rolston Ⅲ， trans.， Zhan Jingqiu， revised， Ke Ying

The scientific and technological development brought about by the enhancement of human subjects’ ability has endowed human beings with great power to change the earth， thus leading to increasingly prominent Anthropocene Epoch， and biodiversity is faced up with many challenges. In this regard， ecological modernists put forward the concept of “decoupling from nature”， believing that human beings can use technological development to solve these man-made problems and make the earth restore green vitality. As a thorny “tragedy of the Commons”， global warming has become too hot to handle because of conflicting interests. The proponents of a synthetic earth argue that humans can geoengineering the earth to defend it; In addition， neurosciences， social science and environmental behavior， and “sustainable biosphere” are exploring the challenges of the Anthropocene Epoch in their respective fields. In the face of the above exploration and difficulties， human beings， as the only moral species on earth， should make changes and strive to present the perfect interweaving of cultural values and natural values on this beautiful planet， and this is not a far-fetched daydream that cannot be reached.

Adequate Wilderness Protection is the Sign of the Maturity of Ecological Civilization：An Interview with World-famous Ecological Ethicist Holmes Rolston Ⅲ

⊙Ke Jinhua & Holmes Rolston Ⅲ

Holmes Rolston Ⅲ is a world-famous philosopher who claims himself to be “a philosopher going toward the wilderness”. He has a deep love for the wilderness and his wilderness complex runs through his thought and life. He is one of the philosophers who have advanced the most in-depth discussion on the wilderness issue in the world. This interview focused on the concept of wilderness and wilderness protection. In this interview， Rolston emphasized the following points： wilderness is the part of Nature that can maintain its spontaneity and its process of natural evolution; wilderness is“the root of the world of life ”， which breeds and supports all life， including human beings; wilderness is an originating source of value; wilderness is the other of human beings， which shapes human body and mind and enriches human soul and spiritual world; even highly developed human civilization needs to rely on wild Nature for support and maintenance. Rolston has always been committed to advocating a new ethics to guide the practice of wilderness protection. This new ethics proposes an inclusive love， disapproves of only viewing nature as a resource for human to make use of， and advocates that human beings， as the only moral agent in the world， should shoulder the responsibility and obligation of wilderness protection because wilderness protection is not only for the human’s ecological well-being and sustainable development， but also for the goodness of the non-human life while the greater goal of wilderness preservation is to protect a sustainable biosphere. Wilderness is essential for the ecological civilization， and adequate wilderness protection is the sign of the maturity of ecological civilization. We hope that more people will pay attention to the wilderness and make “Wild China” an essential support for “beautiful China”.

On the Role of Digitalization in the Innovation of Waste Classification and Treatment： A Case Study of “Huge Recycling” in Zhejiang Province⊙Sun Xuyou

With the policy advocacy and practical innovation of waste classification， digital technology has generally penetrated into the process of urban waste classification and resource utilization， and has become an innovation engine to boost waste classification and treatment. The case study of “Huge Recycling” in Zhejiang Province found that digital technology intervenes in the waste classification process， realizes the optimization of “waste” flow process and the reconstruction of “subject” interest relationship through the “chain” of governance mechanism， the“structurization” of the governance subject relationship and the “multiple integration” of governance objectives， and promotes the modernization of waste classification governance system and governance capacity. In order to ensure the sustainability of digital promotion of waste classification and treatment innovation， it is necessary to consolidate the social foundation such as residents’ environmental protection participation and community organization network.

The Governance Effectiveness， Difficulties and Countermeasures of Garbage Exchange Supermarket from the Perspective of Modern Environmental Governance System： A Study Based on a Survey in S County， Anhui Province⊙Wang Linyang & Wu Jinfang

Constructing a modern environmental governance system is the basic guarantee for perfecting waste classification while giving full play to the role of corporate entities in waste recycling is a key step. The garbage exchange supermarket in S County， Anhui Province has obvious advantages in improving the effectiveness of hazardous garbage recycling， residents’ awareness of garbage classification， and their participation in garbage classification， but it also faces problems of low corporate benefit， lack of management， and inefficiency of “supermarkets”. In this regard， it’s necessary for the government to improve the environmental governance responsibility system and increase fiscal and taxation support and supervision. Garbage exchange supermarkets should improve their own management level， broaden fund raising channels， stimulate market vitality， and at the same time continue to improve residents’ environmental protection awareness， and mobilize their enthusiasm for participating in garbage classification.

The Historical Role of Environmental Academic Groups in Improving National Governance Capacity：Take “Japanese Environmental Conference” as an Example⊙Chen Xiang

By bringing together scholars from various disciplines to carry out multi-dimensional environmental research from different professional perspectives， environmental academic groups have become one of the important driving forces to promote countries to improve their national governance capacity in the 20th century. Japanese environmental researchers held the first “Japanese Environmental Conference” in 1979， which was followed by 35 more environmental conferences， 11 sessions of “Asia-Pacific NGO Environmental Conference”， and 1 highly influential magazine Environment and Public Hazards. They actively exert the supervisory function of non-governmental organizations， conduct detailed forensic investigations on environmental problems in Japan in various periods， have in-depth discussions on countermeasures， and put forward many policy suggestions. In doing so， they have established a veritable academic group that promotes the development of the environmental policy movement with their unremitting efforts to push Japan’s environmental policies forward from focusing on Japan’s pollution problems to studying global environmental problems. The academic group not only has a significant impact on promoting the development of environmental disciplines， but also plays an important role in improving Japan’s national environmental governance capacity.

From Land Claims to Wilderness Protection：The Environmental Controversy in Alaska from 1968 to 1980⊙Zhang Wenjing

The history of Alaska’s development and conservation is a typical case in the field of American environmental political history research. The enactment of “Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act” in 1971 resolved the long-delayed issue of Alaska native land claims， and added environmental protection factors to the legislation of Congress， which eventually became the basis of Alaska’s wilderness conservation. On the basis of “Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act”， environmentalists actively launched the largest protection legislation in the United States. After fierce debate and competition with development forces， environmentalists finally pushed for the passage of “Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act”， which preserves the largest wilderness area in history and also reserves the right to continue economic development， therefore ultimately reaching a temporary compromise and balance between the various forces in Alaska. From “Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act” to“Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act”， from land claims to wilderness conservation， battles for environmental protection in Alaska have never been settled. It is helpful for us to better understand the complexities of the fight for environmental protection by comprehensively studying the formulation and implementation of“Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act” and “Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act”， sorting out the connection and succession between them， and analyzing the conflict and balance of various forces.

The Variable Analysis and Response of Environmental Legal System from the Perspective of Risk ?Society⊙Ren Shai

In response to the reality of the risk society， the responsive law is the inevitable direction of the development of China’s environmental legal system. The purpose， rules， politics， participation， legitimacy， reasoning， etc.， as the basic variables of legal development， present a new trend in the risk society in that the social consensus on the value of safety has established the authority of the purpose of ecological protection， the risk uncertainty has triggered some partial adjustments in environmental rules， the appeal of risk distribution justice has led to the infiltration of political intent into the legal system， and the deconstruction and reconstruction of social trust system has brought opportunities and requirements for public participation. In response to the new trend of legal variables such as the purpose， rules， politics， and participation， the environmental legal system should extend the affirmative authority of the legislative purpose of ecological protection， apply the inclusive risk prevention principle in the adjustment of compensation and relief rules， promote the legalization of political responsibilities in the implementation of the political tasks of ecological civilization， and set up the procedural arrangement of risk communication on the system guarantee of public participation.

Inspection and Improvement of China-ASEAN Criminal Mutual Legal Assistance System in Combating Wildlife Crimes⊙Deng Baihe

The criminal mutual legal assistance between China and ASEAN is mainly conducted to combat corruption and bribery， terrorism， human trafficking and other more traditional crime areas. With the increasing difficulty of using the existing assistance mechanisms to combat wildlife crimes and the emphasis on wildlife protection caused by the global outbreak of the COVOD-19 pandemic， it is necessary to build a China-ASEAN criminal mutual legal assistance. In response to the current problems of insufficient number of bilateral assistance treaties， lack of completeness and applicability of content， poor articulation between domestic law and international law， and unsound assistance mechanism， China and ASEAN countries should strengthen the legal basis of criminal mutual legal assistance in combating wildlife crimes under the guidance of the principles of equality and reciprocity and gradual progress， and improve the criminal judicial assistance mechanism in four aspects： implementation of results， departmental linkage， cooperation guarantee and operation regulation.

Research on Socialist Ecological Civilization： Review and Prospect—An Overview of the 2021 Academic Annual Meeting of “Chinese Research Group of Socialist Eco-civilization”

⊙Ju Chuanguo

On November 27， 2021， the 2021 Academic Annual Meeting of “Chinese Research Group of Socialist Eco-civilization” i.e.， the Academic Conference of “Research on Socialist Ecological Civilization： Review and Prospect” was held in Wuhan， Hubei Province both offline and online. The conference was jointly sponsored by the School of Marxism at Peking University， the School of Philosophy at Zhongnan University of Economics and Law， the Ecological Civilization Research Institute of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law and Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung. The attendees are experts and scholars from Peking University， Renmin University of China， Fudan University， Shandong University， Nankai University， Party School of the Central Committee of C. P. C.（National Academy of Governance）， the Institute of Party History and Literature of the CPC Central Committee， Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China， Beihang University， Harbin Institute of Technology， East China Normal University， Zhongnan University of Economics and Law， Central University of Finance and Economics， Nanjing University of Finance and Economics， Shanghai Normal University， Fujian Normal University， Hainan Normal University， Shanxi University， Beijing Forestry University， Nanjing Forestry University， Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications， Nanjing University of Science and Technology， Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology， East China University of Technology， Shandong Jianzhu University， Lanzhou University of Technology， Wuhan Institute of Technology， Chengdu University of Technology， Huzhou University， the Party School of the CPC Hubei Provincial Committee， the Party School of the CPC Qinghai Provincial Committee， The Journal of Studies on Marxist Theory， Wuhan University Journal （Philosophy and Social Sciences）， Jianghan Tribune， and Journal of Yunmeng. They summarized the work of the “Chinese Research Group of Socialist Eco-civilization” in the past six years， and made keynote speeches on four topics： “Research on Marxist Ecological Theory”， “Research on Foreign Marxist Ecological Schools and their Progress”， “Research on the Theory of Socialist Ecological Civilization”， and “Construction Practice of Socialist Ecological Civilization in the New Era”.

The Poets’ Responsibilities in the Era of Ecological Civilization：An Overview of “The First International Forum on Process Poetry” in 2021⊙Wang Ning， Liu Ju & Yang Li

“The First International Forum on Process Poetry” was held during November 20 to 21， 2021. Its theme was “What Are Poets for in the Age of Ecological Civilization： The Contributions of Process Poetry”. It was cosponsored by the Cobb Institute， the Institute for Postmodern Development of China（IPDC）， and the Center for Process Studies （CPS）. The important event was honored by the participation of 80 process philosophers and process poets from China， the US， Russia， and Hungary， including John B. Cobb， Jr.， the founding president of Institute for Postmodern Development of China， a member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences， Andrew Schwartz， executive director of Center for Process Studies， Jay McDaniel， a prominent American process philosopher， Zhihe Wang， director of the Institute for Postmodern Development of China， Xiaohua Wang， professor of literature at Shenzhen University， Ya Bai， a leading figure in Chinese process poetry， Kathleen Reeves， board member of the Cobb Institute， Grandpierre Attila， the president of the Hungarian Ecological Civilization Research Institute and the research president of Budapest Centre for Long Term Sustainability， Hungary， Daria Dzikevich， Lomonosov Moscow State University， Russia， and Meijun Fan， director of China Project， Center for Process Studies， Dean of Cobb Eco-academy of Sensheng Valley. Process poetry is rooted in the era soil of ecological civilization， breaks through the limitations of postmodern poetry， and promotes the organic integration of “humans” and “poetry”. On the one hand， process poetry absorbs the wisdom of Whiteheadian process philosophy， arouses people’s appreciation of process thinking， and shoulders the mission of “cleaning up the remnants of the public mind”; on the other hand， process poetry has also completed its own innovation in the era of ecological civilization， making poetry and its creation more alive and an emotional experience. Therefore， poetic dwelling on the earth is not only the vision of modern people， but also the mission of process poets.

責任編輯：王俊暐