王偉權(quán) 李樹俊 朱欣琪 丘志慧 施力汛 張哲
摘要 以甘藍(lán)型油菜幼苗為材料,根據(jù)油脂蛋白Oleosin(O20)基因的啟動(dòng)子序列設(shè)計(jì)引物,PCR擴(kuò)增了長(zhǎng)度為935 bp的片段,把該片段連接到pBI101載體,GUS瞬時(shí)染色結(jié)果表明,該片段可以驅(qū)動(dòng)GUS基因在油菜幼苗根部特異性表達(dá)。油菜油脂蛋白是一個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)家族,為進(jìn)一步鑒別擴(kuò)增到的935 bp油脂蛋白啟動(dòng)子,該研究利用油菜基因組信息進(jìn)行序列對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明935 bp的啟動(dòng)子和Oleosin(O20)的啟動(dòng)子序列之間有較多的變異,但和油菜1號(hào)染色體上的序列完全一致;1號(hào)染色體上緊跟的編碼框序列和油脂蛋白Oleosin(O20)的編碼框序列也完全一致,但油脂蛋白Oleosin(O20)的基因組序列要比油菜1號(hào)染色體的基因組序列短。通過(guò)PLACE和PlantCARE軟件對(duì)935 bp啟動(dòng)子進(jìn)行了掃描預(yù)測(cè),結(jié)果表明該啟動(dòng)子中含有許多順式作用元件,尤其是脫落酸、茉莉酸甲酯和水楊酸這3個(gè)與激素有關(guān)的元件;將該研究擴(kuò)增到的另一個(gè)928 bp長(zhǎng)度的啟動(dòng)子與935 bp的啟動(dòng)子相比,前者啟動(dòng)子區(qū)域水楊酸順式作用元件缺少了1個(gè)堿基,同時(shí)也缺失了1個(gè)堿基的片段,這些序列的變化可能是該啟動(dòng)子喪失活力的原因。
關(guān)鍵詞 啟動(dòng)子;油菜;瞬時(shí)表達(dá);Oleosin
中圖分類號(hào) S188文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A
文章編號(hào) 0517-6611(2020)22-0115-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.22.030
Cloning,Analysing and Transient Expressing Oleosin Gene Promoter in Brassica napus
WANG Wei-quan,LI Shu-jun,ZHU Xin-qi et al (College of Agriculture and Biology,Zhongkai University of Agricultural and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225)
Abstract According to the young seedlings of Brassica napus as materials,Oleosin promoters designed by the oil protein Oleosin (O20) sequence with length of 935 bp and 928 bp were amplified by PCR.GUS staining showed that 935 bp lipid protein Oleosin promoter can drive the specific expression of GUS gene in B.napus seedlings root.Comparing 935 bp with Oleosin (O20) promoter sequences,we found that there is a lot of variation between them.Because B.napus oil protein is a protein family,when utilizing B.napus genome sequencing information to be compared to confirm the oil protein promoter,we found that the promoter sequence amplified with length of 935 bp and the sequence of B.napus chromosome 1 were completely consistent.Then comparing coding sequences predicted behind chromosome 1,we found that the coding sequences behind the 1 chromosome is exactly the same with that of the Oleosin(O20) oil protein.While there are differences in their genome sequence,the 935 bp promoter sequence on chromosome 1 is much larger than that of the Oleosin (O20).There is no comparison of their genome sequence in this paper.Studying thoroughly the promoter amplified of 935 bp through the PLACE and the PlantCARE website,we have found many cis-acting elements.Three components related to abscisic acid,methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid are notable.Because we also amplified a promoter with length of 928 bp,the promoter can not drive the expression of the GUS gene.Analysing and comparing the sequence of 935 bp and 928 bp,we found that a base lacked in the promoter TCA motif of 928 bp.The loss of these sequential changes may cause the loss of the vitality of the promoter.
In summary,we have successfully obtained a tissue specific promoter of B.napus that can be used for scientific research and production.
Key words? Promoter;Brassica napus;Transient expression;Oleosin
作者簡(jiǎn)介 王偉權(quán)(1968—),男,江蘇宜興人,副教授,博士,從事分子生物學(xué)研究。
李樹?。?998—),男,廣東廣州人,從事分子生物學(xué)研究。王偉權(quán)與李樹俊為共同第一作者。
收稿日期 2019-09-26;修回日期 2020-04-13
植物作為生產(chǎn)藥用蛋白或其他具有重要價(jià)值蛋白的生物反應(yīng)器,為人類提供一個(gè)更加安全和廉價(jià)的生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng),是植物基因工程的發(fā)展方向,從而使傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)緊密結(jié)合,大幅度地提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品對(duì)人類的服務(wù)功效及市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,增加農(nóng)民收入,促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。用各種農(nóng)作物為載體的植物生物反應(yīng)器產(chǎn)品可通過(guò)種子、果實(shí)或塊莖表達(dá),便于貯藏、運(yùn)輸和利用[1]。
油脂蛋白Oleosin是依附于油體表面的屬于堿性高度疏水的小分子嵌入蛋白,在植物種子成長(zhǎng)或后熟過(guò)程中可大量特異性表達(dá),是一個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)家族,最早在芥菜中被發(fā)現(xiàn),隨后不同油料作物(大豆、芝麻、油菜等)、不同樹木(油棕、可可、柑橘等)以及其他植物如玉米、水稻、擬南芥等的Oleosin基因序列和氨基酸序列被陸續(xù)報(bào)道[2-3]。油脂蛋白受到廣泛關(guān)注,其原因有三個(gè)方面,一是通過(guò)融合外源營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值高的肽鏈,改善種子的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,提高種子食用或作為飼料的品質(zhì),如利用該技術(shù)成功表達(dá)有生物活性的魚生長(zhǎng)激素;二是生產(chǎn)回收獲得外源蛋白,需在Oleosin與外源蛋白間加上合適的蛋白酶酶切位點(diǎn),目前已通過(guò)該系統(tǒng)成功獲得有生物活性的GUS[4]、木聚糖酶[5]和水蛙素[6],在加拿大利用油菜生產(chǎn)水蛙素已進(jìn)入商業(yè)化階段[7];三是不通過(guò)切割回收過(guò)程,直接生產(chǎn)固定化酶[8]。此外,油質(zhì)蛋白具有穩(wěn)定油體的生物學(xué)特性,它們可以對(duì)食品、化妝品、油漆等產(chǎn)品中的乳液起到穩(wěn)定作用[9]。更有研究初步確定Oleosin基因是調(diào)控谷子干旱脅迫的候選基因,可能受干旱或脫落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)誘導(dǎo)表達(dá)[10]。
瞬時(shí)表達(dá)(transient expression)是一種快速地研究不同啟動(dòng)子在特定基因表達(dá)、蛋白質(zhì)亞細(xì)胞定位及基因互作的一種重要手段,對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)中的轉(zhuǎn)化周期長(zhǎng)、效率低及不穩(wěn)定性,其外源DNA不需要整合到宿主細(xì)胞染色體上,因此轉(zhuǎn)化更容易、更快速,轉(zhuǎn)化效率更高。植物細(xì)胞幾天內(nèi)可進(jìn)行多個(gè)基因的表達(dá)及高效傳遞[11],尤其是合成生物學(xué)的發(fā)展使瞬時(shí)表達(dá)有了更大的應(yīng)用前景。
該研究根據(jù)網(wǎng)上已經(jīng)克隆的Oleosin基因的啟動(dòng)子序列設(shè)計(jì)引物,并擴(kuò)增Oleosin基因的啟動(dòng)子,然后連接到pBI101載體上,對(duì)油菜幼苗進(jìn)行瞬時(shí)表達(dá),為油脂蛋白的生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用奠定基礎(chǔ)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 菌株和載體
大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli)菌株為 DH5α;根癌農(nóng)桿菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)菌株為 LBA4404,抗性標(biāo)記為利福平 (Rif r)和卡那霉素 (kan);植物表達(dá)載體為 pBI101,抗性標(biāo)記為卡那霉素 (kan)。
1.2 試劑
限制性內(nèi)切酶、T4 DNA 連接酶、PMD-T Easy Vector及DNA 凝膠回收試劑盒等購(gòu)自TaKaRa公司。抗生素為 Sigma 產(chǎn)品,其他生化試劑為國(guó)產(chǎn)分析純。
1.3 油菜總DNA的提取 以甘藍(lán)型油菜幼苗為材料,用CTAB法提取油菜總DNA。
1.4 Oleosin啟動(dòng)子的擴(kuò)增與相關(guān)載體的構(gòu)建
1.4.1 Oleosin啟動(dòng)子的擴(kuò)增。引物設(shè)計(jì)根據(jù)O20(GenBank: M63985.2)Oleosin啟動(dòng)子核苷酸序列,其中上游引物:5′-GATAAAGCAATCACCTGG-3′,下游引物:5′-TTTGCTTCTTGTGAATTGAG-3′。以油菜總DNA 為模板,通過(guò)PCR擴(kuò)增得到Oleosin啟動(dòng)子,送上海英駿生物技術(shù)有限公司測(cè)序。
1.4.2 重組表達(dá)載體的構(gòu)建。將測(cè)序正確的菌體擴(kuò)大培養(yǎng),按《分子克隆實(shí)驗(yàn)指南》用堿裂解法提取質(zhì)粒。用Hind Ⅲ與BamH Ⅰ 酶切Oleosin啟動(dòng)子和PBI101質(zhì)粒,于1.0%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,凝膠回收試劑盒分別回收Oleosin啟動(dòng)子片段和PBI101載體片段。用T4連接酶連接兩片段,構(gòu)建重組表達(dá)載體。
1.5 重組質(zhì)粒的篩選和轉(zhuǎn)化
將構(gòu)建好的載體用熱激法轉(zhuǎn)化農(nóng)桿菌,并將轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)物涂布于含50 mg/L卡那霉素(kan)和25 mg/L利福平(Rifr)的LB培養(yǎng)基平板,28 ℃培養(yǎng)48 h。挑取陽(yáng)性克隆并擴(kuò)大培養(yǎng)36 h備用。
1.6 農(nóng)桿菌介導(dǎo)油菜愈傷組織的轉(zhuǎn)化
用菌懸浮培養(yǎng)基(MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+100 μmol/L乙酰丁香酮)28 ℃振蕩培養(yǎng)農(nóng)桿菌,至最終濃度為OD600=0.6 ,備用。將已培養(yǎng)好的帶有愈傷的80棵油菜幼苗隨機(jī)分為2組,一組幼苗設(shè)為對(duì)照,另一組幼苗浸泡在農(nóng)桿菌菌液中10 min。將幼苗轉(zhuǎn)移至共培養(yǎng)基(MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+100 μmol/L乙酰丁香酮)中,暗培養(yǎng)3 d。
1.7 GUS染色與瞬時(shí)表達(dá)
將油菜幼苗轉(zhuǎn)移至固定液(50 mmol/L PBS+1%甲醛+0.5% Triton-100)中固定45 min,用蒸餾水洗滌3次。然后油菜幼苗被轉(zhuǎn)移至染色液[100 mmol/L PBS+0.5% Triton-100+X-Gluc+1 mmol/L K3Fe(CN)6+1 mmol/L K4Fe(CN)6]中,37 ℃過(guò)夜。用70%乙醇進(jìn)行脫色,觀察油菜幼苗染色情況,同時(shí)拍照記錄。
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