羅奕秋 匡偉 何宗亮 姚遠(yuǎn) 郗正林 伍冠鎖
摘要 [目的]研究金陵白鴨不同產(chǎn)蛋周齡蛋品質(zhì)的變化規(guī)律及其與蛋品性狀的相關(guān)性,為蛋品質(zhì)選育提供依據(jù)。[方法]選取金陵白鴨不同產(chǎn)蛋周期(22、44和66周齡)各40個鴨蛋,進(jìn)行蛋品質(zhì)測定。 [結(jié)果]蛋重、蛋黃顏色與蛋殼強(qiáng)度在產(chǎn)蛋前期至中期伴隨產(chǎn)蛋周齡的增加而顯著增加;哈氏單位在產(chǎn)蛋全程伴隨產(chǎn)蛋周齡的增加而顯著減少;蛋殼顏色在產(chǎn)蛋全程伴隨產(chǎn)蛋周齡的增加而有所增加。在產(chǎn)蛋全程,哈氏單位與蛋白高度呈極顯著正相關(guān)(P<0.01),蛋殼強(qiáng)度與蛋殼厚度呈極顯著正相關(guān)(P<0.01)。[結(jié)論] 金陵白鴨在產(chǎn)蛋中期蛋品質(zhì)最好。在蛋品質(zhì)培育中,可以通過提高蛋殼厚度來提高蛋殼強(qiáng)度。
關(guān)鍵詞 金陵白鴨;產(chǎn)蛋周齡;蛋品質(zhì);相關(guān)性分析
中圖分類號 S834文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A
文章編號 0517-6611(2020)22-0107-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.22.028
Study on the Change Laws of Egg Quality of Jinling White Duck at Different Egg Production Week-age
LUO Yi-qiu,KUANG Wei,HE Zong-liang et al (Nanjing Institute of Animal Husbandry and Poultry Science,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036)
Abstract [Objective]To study the change laws of egg quality of Jinling white duck at different ages of egg production and its correlation with egg quality traits,and provide basis for the egg quality breeding.[Method]40 eggs of Jinling white duck at different stages of egg production (22,44 and 66 week-age) were selected to determine the egg quality traits.[Result]The egg weight,yolk color and eggshell strength increased significantly with the increase of the week-age of egg production from 22-week-age to 44 week-age.During the whole process of egg laying,Haugh unit decreased significantly with the increase of week-age.The eggshell color increased with the increase of week-age during the whole process of egg laying.There was an extremely significant positive correlation between Haugh unit and albumen height (P<0.01),and an extremely significant positive correlation between eggshell strength and eggshell thickness (P<0.01) during the whole egg laying process.[Conclusion]Jinling white duck has the best egg quality in the middle stage of egg production.During the breeding process of egg quality,the eggshell thickness can be increased by improving the eggshell strength.
Key words Jinling white duck;Egg production week-age;Egg quality;Correlation analysis
基金項目
江蘇現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(JATS〔2019〕001)。
作者簡介 羅奕秋(1992—),男,福建浦城人,助理畜牧師,從事家禽遺傳育種和健康養(yǎng)殖研究。
收稿日期 2020-04-13
金陵白鴨是南京市畜牧家禽科學(xué)研究所以連城白鴨和櫻桃谷鴨為育種基礎(chǔ)素材,開展一系列雜交培育和綜合利用措施,以注重肉質(zhì)風(fēng)味特色為前提,以提高雜交后代的生長速度及屠體重量為目的,經(jīng)過5個世代的系統(tǒng)選留選配培育而成的。金陵白鴨具有“白羽、烏嘴、烏腳”的外貌特征,肉質(zhì)、口感風(fēng)味獨(dú)特,在江蘇省及周邊省份進(jìn)行的中試適應(yīng)性飼養(yǎng)均獲得了較高的評價[1]。
目前對蛋品質(zhì)影響因素的研究主要集中在飼養(yǎng)方式、品種、飼料等因素對蛋品質(zhì)的影響上,而對蛋品質(zhì)的變化規(guī)律尤其是鴨蛋品質(zhì)的變化規(guī)律研究報道較少[2]。
筆者以金陵白鴨為研究對象,研究不同產(chǎn)蛋周齡對蛋品質(zhì)的影響,旨在為金陵白鴨種質(zhì)資源研究、選種繁育、培育新品種、鴨蛋加工和產(chǎn)品開發(fā)提供基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗設(shè)計
采用常規(guī)飼養(yǎng)管理手段,將金陵白鴨飼養(yǎng)于南京市畜牧家禽科學(xué)研究所淳化基地。分別在鴨群的 3 個產(chǎn)蛋階段(產(chǎn)蛋前期、產(chǎn)蛋中期及產(chǎn)蛋后期),分別隨機(jī)收集40個鴨蛋進(jìn)行蛋品質(zhì)測定。以上鴨蛋均為采樣當(dāng)天生產(chǎn),運(yùn)至實驗室后于室溫(中央空調(diào)控溫)下存放待測,并于當(dāng)天完成測定。產(chǎn)蛋前期、 產(chǎn)蛋中期及產(chǎn)蛋后期分別為22、44及66周齡。