王丹丹
[摘要] 目的 探討并分析彩色多普勒超聲在糖尿病下肢血管病變患者中的診斷價(jià)值。方法 2018年1月—2019年1月間抽取糖尿病下肢血管病變患者20例作為觀察組,再抽取20名同期于該院進(jìn)行體檢的健康人作為對(duì)照組,兩組均采取彩色多普勒超聲檢查,觀察兩組研究對(duì)象的下肢血管病變情況、下肢血管斑塊形成率以及下肢動(dòng)脈血管內(nèi)徑比較。結(jié)果 觀察組患者下肢動(dòng)脈血管內(nèi)膜增厚、血管閉塞等情況的發(fā)生率顯著高于對(duì)照組;觀察組的下肢血管斑塊形成率是60.00%,對(duì)照組是5.00%且觀察組動(dòng)脈管徑顯著低于對(duì)照組(χ2=13.789,P<0.05)。結(jié)論 彩色多普勒超聲在糖尿病下肢血管病變患者中的診斷價(jià)值顯著,值得推廣。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 彩色多普勒超聲;糖尿病下肢血管病變;診斷價(jià)值
[中圖分類號(hào)] R445.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1672-4062(2020)08(a)-0186-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore and analyze the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in patients with diabetic lower extremity vascular disease. Methods From January 2018 to January 2019 twenty patients with diabetic lower extremity vascular disease were selected as the observation group, and 20 healthy people who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Both groups took color Doppler ultrasound to observe the lower extremity vascular disease conditions in the two groups. Comparison of plaque formation rate in lower limbs and arterial inner diameter of lower limbs. Results The incidence rate of lower limb arterial intimal thickening and vascular occlusion in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group; the vascular plaque formation rate in the lower extremity was 60.00% in the observation group, and 5.00%(χ2=13.789, P<0.05) and the arterial diameter of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound has significant diagnostic value in patients with diabetic lower extremity vascular disease and is worthy of popularization.
[Key words] Color doppler ultrasound; Diabetic lower limb vascular lesions; Diagnostic value
隨著我國社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,人們的生活習(xí)慣、飲食結(jié)構(gòu)都發(fā)生了較大的變化,慢性病如糖尿病的患病率逐年上升。現(xiàn)階段,仍然缺乏顯效的手段治愈糖尿病,而關(guān)于該疾病的治療原則是控制血糖的穩(wěn)定,預(yù)防并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生,如缺血性壞疽、疼痛、肢體麻木、下肢動(dòng)脈血管病變等[1],而下肢動(dòng)脈血管病變是糖尿病發(fā)生率較高的并發(fā)癥,與下肢深靜脈血栓形成、周圍神經(jīng)病變、糖尿病足等并發(fā)癥有強(qiáng)關(guān)聯(lián)性,嚴(yán)重威脅患者的生活質(zhì)量,因此,臨床上需重視下肢動(dòng)脈血管病變的篩查。目前,診斷糖尿病下肢動(dòng)脈血管病變的措施較多,其中彩色多普勒超聲(ultras-ound color doppler)檢查的應(yīng)用范圍最廣,而關(guān)于彩超的診斷價(jià)值仍需驗(yàn)證[2]。為了分析彩色多普勒超聲在糖尿病下肢血管病變患者中的診斷價(jià)值,該研究2018年1月—2019年1月間納入糖尿病下肢血管病變患者20例作為研究對(duì)象,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1? 資料與方法
1.1? 一般資料
試驗(yàn)抽取20例糖尿病下肢血管病變患者作為研究(觀察組)。再抽取20名同期于該院進(jìn)行體檢的健康人作為對(duì)照組。
其中對(duì)照組受檢人員的年齡范圍是57~88歲,平均年齡為(69.17±3.23)歲;男性、女性比例是11:9。觀察組受檢人員的年齡范圍是58~89歲,平均年齡為(70.27±4.31)歲;男性、女性比例是10:10。對(duì)受檢人員的基線資料進(jìn)行對(duì)比,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2? 方法
兩組受檢人員均接受彩色多普勒超聲檢查。儀器選擇全數(shù)字化超彩色多普勒超聲診斷儀(型號(hào):日立阿洛卡 Prosound a6),探頭頻率設(shè)置為7.5~10 MHz。受檢人員體位選擇平臥位,充分暴露下肢,以便于彩超檢查。檢測(cè)時(shí),醫(yī)護(hù)人員以股總動(dòng)脈為首并往下逐步檢查,兩側(cè)同時(shí)進(jìn)行,掃描脛前動(dòng)脈、腘動(dòng)脈等。觀察受檢人員的動(dòng)脈血管是否出現(xiàn)閉塞、狹窄或血管壁存在斑塊等情況;其次,還需獲取受檢人員動(dòng)脈血管的血液參數(shù)等。