湖北利川市第五中學(xué) 黃永林

藝術(shù)家們一直在努力尋找創(chuàng)新的方式來(lái)展示他們的才華。土耳其藝術(shù)家加里普·艾采用了一種古老的技術(shù)在水上作畫(huà)，并因此享譽(yù)世界。

題材 體裁 篇幅 建議用時(shí)藝術(shù) 說(shuō)明文336 6分鐘

Artists are continually striving to find innovative ways to show their talent. Some, like Iris Scott,paint with their bare fingers.Now Turkish artist Garip Ay has gained worldwide fame by adopting Ebru（濕拓畫(huà)）,an ancient technique that allows him to create amazing paintings on water.

Believed to have originated in Central Asia in the 13th century,Ebru made its way to Turkey by the 16th century,where it was perfected.The art form remains popular in Turkey,with many painters using the technique to create attractive pieces, highlycovetedby both collectors and tourists.

Ebru artists begin by adding some gum to water to help increase the water's viscosity （黏度）and prevent it from mixing with the paint.The solution （溶液）is then poured into a wooden container with the same dimensions as the solid surface on which the painting will finally rest.To keep the pigments afloat and improve their ability to spread across the water's surface,a few drops of ox bile （膽汁）are mixed in with each color.

To create the paintings, the artists first splash the paints on the water using brushes made with horsehair.They then use droppers to carefully shape the colors and create the desired designs.After that,an absorbent surface,such as paper,is carefully placed on top to capture the painting.Once dry,the artwork is flattened and polished by hand.

Ebru was initially primarily used for book covers or to decorate the inside pages with wildly colorful paper.However,artists like Ay have added a modern twist by using absorbent fabrics, glass, and wood as solid surfaces and adding acrylic（丙烯酸）paints alongside traditional natural pigments.

Though Ay has created several amazing paintings since he began using Ebru in 2007,the most famous is his 2016 recreation of van Gogh's Starry Night.Those seeking a more modern Ebru creation were pleased to know that in 2017,the artist also painted characters from the popular Netflix series,Stranger Things.

閱讀檢測(cè)

1.What can we know about Ebru according to the text?

A.It was born in Asia in the 1300s.

B.It got greatly promoted in Turkey.

C.It's one of the most popular art forms.

D.Ay is the first modern person to use it.

2.What does the underlined word“coveted”in the second paragraph mean?

A.Produced.

B.Promoted.

C.Followed.

D.Appreciated.

3.What has to be done in order to create an Ebru painting?

A.Dropping some ox bile into some colors.

B.Trying to increase the solution's viscosity.

C.Creating a large enough wooden container.

D.Placing something absorbent on the painting.

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)

難句分析

Believed to have originated in Central Asia in the 13th century, Ebru made its way to Turkey by the 16th century,where it was perfected.人們普遍認(rèn)為濕拓畫(huà)起源于13 世紀(jì)的中亞，16 世紀(jì)傳入土耳其， 并在這里得到完善。

該句為主從復(fù)合句，主句為“Ebru...century.”，where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾Turkey。

背景知識(shí)

土耳其濕拓畫(huà)

土耳其濕拓畫(huà)（Ebru）也被稱為“大理石花紋紙藝術(shù)”，是一種“在水面上作畫(huà)”的繪畫(huà)技法，最早被用作《古蘭經(jīng)》封面的紋理布面。濕拓畫(huà)是一門已經(jīng)流傳了上千年，被列入聯(lián)合國(guó)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄的古老藝術(shù)。

十四世紀(jì)時(shí)，濕拓畫(huà)經(jīng)絲綢之路穿越伊朗，被帶到安納托利亞，流傳到土耳其，并被當(dāng)?shù)氐睦L畫(huà)大師發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，成為享譽(yù)世界的藝術(shù)。 濕拓畫(huà)在奧斯曼時(shí)期就已傳入土耳其，但它的實(shí)際歷史或許能追溯到公元八至九世紀(jì)甚至更早，且很有可能源于中國(guó)。有研究者認(rèn)為，它與中國(guó)唐宋時(shí)期的“流沙紙”藝術(shù)有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。