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舒筋健腰丸對(duì)新西蘭兔膝骨關(guān)節(jié)炎模型軟骨組織的影響

2020-04-16 13:02李瑞鵬陳迪新郭秋平倪慶純周玖瑤
中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥 2020年7期
關(guān)鍵詞:細(xì)胞因子骨關(guān)節(jié)炎

李瑞鵬 陳迪新 郭秋平 倪慶純 周玖瑤

[摘要]目的 研究舒筋健腰丸對(duì)兔膝骨關(guān)節(jié)炎模型軟骨組織的影響。方法 適應(yīng)性喂養(yǎng)1周后,隨機(jī)選取12只新西蘭兔作為假手術(shù)組。其余動(dòng)物采用手術(shù)致軟骨缺損制備骨關(guān)節(jié)炎模型,造模4周后將造模動(dòng)物隨機(jī)分為模型組,鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組(陽(yáng)性對(duì)照),舒筋健腰丸低、中、高劑量組,每組12只,雌雄各半。分組后開(kāi)始灌胃給藥,每天1次,連續(xù)給藥28 d。通過(guò)檢測(cè)膝關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)范圍、局部壓痛閾值、全血黏度、關(guān)節(jié)腔沖洗液炎癥因子和軟骨組織病理,研究舒筋健腰丸對(duì)骨關(guān)節(jié)炎的治療作用及作用機(jī)制。結(jié)果 舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量組的膝關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)范圍和局部壓痛閾值均高于模型組,全血黏度和關(guān)節(jié)腔內(nèi)白介素1β(IL-1β)、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)和前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平均低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組、舒筋健腰丸高劑量組的關(guān)節(jié)軟骨評(píng)分均低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 舒筋健腰丸對(duì)骨關(guān)節(jié)炎具有一定的治療作用,改善血液流變學(xué),降低關(guān)節(jié)腔內(nèi)炎癥因子而保護(hù)軟骨可能是其作用機(jī)制。

[關(guān)鍵詞]舒筋健腰丸;骨關(guān)節(jié)炎;細(xì)胞因子;組織病理;兔

[中圖分類號(hào)] R969.4? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721(2020)3(a)-0014-04

Effect of Shujin Jianyao Pills on articular cartilage of New Zealand rabbit knee osteoarthritis models

LI Rui-peng1,2,3? ?CHEN Di-xin1? ?GUO Qiu-ping1? ?NI Qing-chun1▲? ?ZHOU Jiu-yao2

1. Drug Nonclinical Evaluation and Research Center of Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangdong Province, Guangzhou? ?510240, China; 2. Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou? ?510105, China; 3. Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Guangdong Province, Guangzhou? ?510130, China

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of Shujin Jianyao Pills on articular cartilage of New Zealand rabbit knee osteoarthritis model. Methods After one week of adaptive feeding, 12 New Zealand rabbits were randomly selected as the sham operation group. The osteoarthritis models were prepared by articular cartilage defect caused by surgery in other animals. After 4 weeks of modeling, the animals were randomly divided into model group, glucosamine hydrochloride group (positive control), Shujin Jianyao Pills low, middle and high dose groups, 12 cases in each group, half male and half female. After grouping, the animals were intragastrically administrated with drugs once daily for 28 days. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of Shujin Jianyao Pills on osteoarthritis were studied by detecting the range of knee joint activity, local tenderness threshold, whole blood viscosity, inflammatory cytokines of articular cavity flushing fluid and articular cartilage histopathology. Results The knee joint range and local tenderness threshold of the waist in the Shujin Jianyao Pills middle and high dose groups were higher than those in the model group, the whole blood viscosity and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in articular cavity were lower than those in the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The articular cartilage scores of the glucosamine hydrochloride group and the Shujin Jianyao Pills high dose group were lower than those of the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Shujin Jianyao Pills have a certain therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis. Improving hemorheology, reducing inflammatory cytokines in articular cavity and protecting articular cartilage may be the mechanism of its action.

模型組關(guān)節(jié)腔沖洗液IL-1β、TNF-α和PGE2水平均高于假手術(shù)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組及舒筋健腰丸低、中、高劑量組關(guān)節(jié)腔沖洗液IL-1β、TNF-α水平均低于模型組,鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組及舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量組關(guān)節(jié)腔沖洗液PGE2水平均低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表3)。

3討論

OA多發(fā)于老年人群,累及膝關(guān)節(jié)、髖關(guān)節(jié)等部位,造成關(guān)節(jié)軟骨退行性變。流行病學(xué)調(diào)查顯示,我國(guó)約有3%的人患有OA,并且隨著年齡增加,發(fā)病率也隨之增加[7]。OA發(fā)病機(jī)制尚不清楚,但其主要病理變化為關(guān)節(jié)軟骨的退行性變、反應(yīng)性關(guān)節(jié)邊緣骨贅形成等[8-9]。目前臨床上OA缺乏有效的治療方法,使得患者病情日益嚴(yán)重,給社會(huì)造成沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)[10-11]。

中醫(yī)認(rèn)為,OA屬于痹癥,氣血不足,肝腎虧虛,風(fēng)、寒、濕侵入骨髓,痹阻經(jīng)絡(luò)導(dǎo)致筋骨失養(yǎng)而發(fā)病[12]。舒筋健腰丸主要由補(bǔ)益肝腎、強(qiáng)筋健骨的中藥組成,方中金毛狗脊強(qiáng)腰膝、補(bǔ)肝腎、祛風(fēng)濕,為君藥;黑老虎行氣散瘀、通絡(luò)止痛,桑寄生補(bǔ)肝腎、祛風(fēng)濕,雞血藤補(bǔ)血活血通絡(luò),千斤拔祛風(fēng)除濕,牛大力舒筋活絡(luò),金櫻子固精滋腎,以上共為臣藥;女貞子、菟絲子補(bǔ)益肝腎,兩面針祛風(fēng)通絡(luò),勝濕止痛,延胡索、乳香、沒(méi)藥共同發(fā)揮活血祛瘀止痛功效,為佐使之藥。根據(jù)中醫(yī)理論,舒筋健腰丸可用于OA的治療。

研究表明,舒筋健腰丸對(duì)腰椎間盤(pán)突出和坐骨神經(jīng)痛具有較好的療效[13-14]。本研究結(jié)果提示,舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量可明顯擴(kuò)大模型動(dòng)物膝關(guān)節(jié)的活動(dòng)范圍,提高模型動(dòng)物膝關(guān)節(jié)局部壓痛閾值,降低低切、中切與高切狀態(tài)下血液的黏度,從而改善OA關(guān)節(jié)僵硬和疼痛的癥狀。舒筋健腰丸高劑量還可減輕模型動(dòng)物關(guān)節(jié)軟骨病理評(píng)分,促進(jìn)纖維軟骨修復(fù)。

IL-1β和TNF-α是與關(guān)節(jié)軟骨破壞相關(guān)的炎癥因子。IL-1β可抑制軟骨細(xì)胞合成蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型膠原,導(dǎo)致軟骨細(xì)胞變性[15-16]。TNF-α既可協(xié)同增加IL-1β的作用,還可刺激軟骨細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生一氧化氮,誘導(dǎo)軟骨細(xì)胞凋亡[17-18]。本研究結(jié)果提示,舒筋健腰丸低、中、高劑量均可降低模型動(dòng)物關(guān)節(jié)腔沖洗液中IL-1β、TNF-α水平。

PGE2主要參與誘發(fā)炎癥反應(yīng),促進(jìn)局部血管擴(kuò)張,使毛細(xì)血管通透性增強(qiáng),引起疼痛癥狀[19]。本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果提示,舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量可降低模型動(dòng)物關(guān)節(jié)腔沖洗液PGE2水平,從而發(fā)揮抗炎鎮(zhèn)痛作用。

綜上所述,舒筋健腰丸對(duì)OA模型有一定的治療作用,改善血液流變學(xué),降低關(guān)節(jié)腔內(nèi)炎癥因子水平而保護(hù)關(guān)節(jié)軟骨可能是其作用機(jī)制。

[參考文獻(xiàn)]

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[3]王驥.中醫(yī)藥療法治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎研究進(jìn)展[J].中國(guó)臨床醫(yī)生雜志,2015,43(3):36-39.

[4]李建洪,楊博,狄朋桃,等.中醫(yī)藥治療類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎研究概況[J].中國(guó)民族民間醫(yī)藥,2017,26(13):41-44.

[5]Moran CJ,Ramesh A,Brama PA,et al.The benefits and limitations of animal models for translational research in cartilage repair[J].J Exp Orthop,2016,3(1):1.

[6]Orth P,Madry H.Complex and elementary histological scoring systems for articular cartilage repair[J].Histol Histopathol,2015,30(8):911-919.

[7]Vina ER,Kwoh CK.Epidemiology of osteoarthritis: literature update[J].Curr Opin Rheumatol,2018,30(2):160-167.

[8]李云澤,趙序利.骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎發(fā)病機(jī)制研究進(jìn)展[J].中國(guó)疼痛醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2016,22(10):728-733.

[9]袁普衛(wèi),楊威,康武林,等.骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎發(fā)病機(jī)制研究進(jìn)展[J].中國(guó)骨質(zhì)疏松雜志,2016,22(7):902-906.

[10]張洪美.膝骨關(guān)節(jié)炎的規(guī)范診治與階梯治療[J].中國(guó)骨傷,2019,32(5):391-395.

[11]Litwic A,Edwards MH,Dennison EM,et al.Epidemiology and burden of osteoarthritis[J].Br Med Bull,2013,105:185-199.

[12]李炎,李釗偉,任榮,等.膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎治療的研究進(jìn)展[J].中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥,2019,26(16):24-27.

[13]石洪超,歐慧瑜,何風(fēng)雷,等.舒筋健腰丸對(duì)坐骨神經(jīng)痛大鼠坐骨神經(jīng)組織及血清細(xì)胞因子的影響[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報(bào),2017,14(22):11-15.

[14]厲強(qiáng),劉文東,于鵬飛.舒筋健腰丸治療腰椎間盤(pán)突出所致坐骨神經(jīng)痛(肝腎虧虛證)的臨床研究[J].中藥材,2018,41(3):737-739.

[15]Jenei-Lanzl Z,Meurer A,Zaucke F.Interleukin-1β signaling in osteoarthritis-chondrocytes in focus[J].Cell Signal,2019,53:212-223.

[16]Wojdasiewicz P,Poniatowski LA,Szukiewicz D.The role of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis[J].Mediators Inflamm,2014,2014:561 459.

[17]Wang Y,Xu J,Zhang X,et al.TNF-α-induced LRG1 promotes angiogenesis and mesenchymal stem cell migration in the subchondral bone during osteoarthritis[J].Cell Death Dis,2017,8(3):e2715.

[18]Lopes EBP,F(xiàn)iliberti A,Husain SA,et al.Immune Contributions to Osteoarthritis[J].Curr Osteoporos Rep,2017,15(6):593-600.

[19]Eitner A,Hofmann GO,Schaible HG.Mechanisms of Osteoarthritic Pain.Studies in humans and experimental models[J].Front Mol Neurosci,2017,10:349.

(收稿日期:2019-07-12? 本文編輯:任秀蘭)

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