国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

芻議蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射利多卡因和舒芬太尼在剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)中的效果

2019-11-25 12:32王金玉
中外醫(yī)療 2019年26期
關(guān)鍵詞:剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)舒芬太尼利多卡因

王金玉

[摘要] 目的 研究探討蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射利多卡因和舒芬太尼在剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)中的觀察分析。方法 方便選取從2017年1月—2018年12月該醫(yī)院收治的90例產(chǎn)婦進行研究,按照產(chǎn)婦先后入院順序?qū)ζ溥M行分組,將其分為對照組(n=45例)和研究組(n=45例),兩組產(chǎn)婦均在蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射麻醉,給予對照組產(chǎn)婦單獨利多卡因麻醉,給予研究組產(chǎn)婦利多卡因和舒芬太尼聯(lián)合麻醉。將兩組患者的麻醉有效率、寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率、相關(guān)臨床指標(biāo)、新生兒Apgar評分、VAS評分及MBA評分進行比較。結(jié)果 麻醉后,研究組有27例麻醉效果良好,占60.00%,有16例麻醉效果有效,占35.56%,有2例麻醉效果無效,占4.44%,麻醉有效率為95.56%;對照組有24例麻醉效果良好,占53.33%,有12例麻醉效果有效,占26.67%,有9例麻醉效果無效,占20.00%,麻醉有效率為80.00%,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=5.07,P=0.02);研究組的阻滯起效時間為(7.63±1.42)min,對照組的時間為(14.37±1.34)min,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=23.15,P=0.00);研究組阻滯有效時間為(54.47±4.72)min,對照組時間為(38.28±3.25)min,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=18.95,P=0.00);研究組的無痛時間為(17.52±0.61)min,對照組的時間為(13.46±1.82)min,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=14.18,P=0.00);研究組新生兒的肌張力評分為(1.82±0.13)分,對照組新生兒評分為(1.24±0.25)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=13.80,P=0.00);研究組新生兒的脈搏評分為(1.83±0.16)分,對照組新生兒評分為(1.37±0.14)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=14.51,P=0.00);研究組新生兒的刺激反應(yīng)評分為(1.76±0.52)分,對照組新生兒評分為(1.28±0.25)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=5.50,P=0.00);研究組新生兒的膚色評分為(1.53±0.62)分,對照組新生兒評分為(0.76±0.53)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=6.33,P=0.00);研究組新生兒的呼吸評分為(1.83±0.51)分,對照組新生兒評分為(0.73±0.49)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=10.43,P=0.00;研究組VAS評分為(0.38±0.15)分,對照組評分為(1.16±0.82)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=6.27,P=0.00),研究組MBA評分為(1.79±0.14)分,對照組評分為(2.62±0.26)分,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=18.85,P=0.00);研究組發(fā)生0級寒戰(zhàn)有37例,發(fā)生1例寒戰(zhàn)有5例,發(fā)生2級寒戰(zhàn)有3級,發(fā)生3級寒戰(zhàn)有0例,寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率為17.77%,對照組產(chǎn)婦發(fā)生0級寒戰(zhàn)有26例,發(fā)生1例寒戰(zhàn)有9例,發(fā)生2級寒戰(zhàn)有7級,發(fā)生3級寒戰(zhàn)有3例,寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率為42.22%,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=6.40,P=0.01)。結(jié)論 在對于剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦的分娩中,給予其有效的蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射利多卡因和舒芬太尼麻醉可有效增強產(chǎn)婦的麻醉效果,改善其相關(guān)臨床指標(biāo),緩解產(chǎn)婦在分娩時的疼痛程度,避免下肢靜脈血栓的形成,在臨床中具有推廣應(yīng)用價值。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔;利多卡因;舒芬太尼;剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)

[中圖分類號] R5? ? ? ? ? [文獻標(biāo)識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-0742(2019)09(b)-0015-04

Discussion on the Effect of Subarachnoid Injection of Lidocaine and Sufentanil in Cesarean Section

WANG Jin-yu

Department of Anesthesiology, Second People's Hospital of Heze City, Heze, Shandong Province, 274000 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the observation and analysis of subarachnoid injection of lidocaine and sufentanil in cesarean section. Methods The study time was convenient selected from January 2017 to 2018. During the period, 90 women who were admitted to the hospital were studied and grouped according to the order of maternal admission. They were divided into control groups (n=45 cases) and study group (n=45 cases), both groups of women were anesthetized in the subarachnoid space, and the control group was given anesthesia with lidocaine alone. The study group was given anesthesia with lidocaine and sufentanil. The anesthesia effectiveness, the incidence of chills, relevant clinical indicators, neonatal Apgar scores, VAS scores, and MBA scores were compared between the two groups. Results After anesthesia, 27 patients in the study group had good anesthesia, accounting for 60.00%. 16 cases were effective, accounting for 35.56%. 2 cases were ineffective, accounting for 4.44%, and the anesthesia effective rate was 95.56%. 24 cases had good anesthesia, accounting for 53.33%, 12 cases were effective, accounting for 26.67%, 9 cases were ineffective, accounting for 20.00%, anesthesia effective rate was 80.00%, the two groups were compared the difference was statistically significant(χ2=5.07, P=0.02). The response time of the study group was (7.63±1.42)min, and the time of the control group was (14.37±1.34)min. the difference was statistically significant(t=23.15,P=0.00). The study group was effective. The time was (54.47±4.72)min, and the control time was (38.28±3.25)min.the difference was statistically significant(t=18.95,P=0.00). The painless time of the study group was (17.52±0.61)min. The time was (13.46±1.82)min,the difference was statistically significant(t=14.18, P=0.00). The muscle tension score of the newborn in the study group was (1.82±0.13)points, and the newborn score in the control group was (1.24±0.25)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=13.80, P =0.00); the study group newborn pulse evaluation (1.83±0.16)points, the control group had a neonatal score of (1.37±0.14)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=14.51,P=0.00). The stimulation response score of the newborn in the study group was (1.76±0.52)points. The neonatal score of the control group was (1.28±0.25)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=5.50,P=0.00). The skin color score of the newborn in the study group was (1.53±0.62), and the newborn score of the control group was (0.76±0.53)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=6.33,P=0.00). The respiratory score of the newborn in the study group was (1.83±0.51)points, and the score of the newborn in the control group was (0.73±0.49). The data were compared with the difference was statistically significant(t=10.43,P=0.00). The VAS score of the study group was (0.38±0.15) points, and the control group score was (1.16±0.82) points. the difference was statistically significant(t=6.27,P=0.00). The MBA score was (1.79±0.14)points, the control group score was (2.62±0.26)points, the difference was statistically significant(t=18.85,P=0.00). The study group had 37 cases of 0 chills and 1 case of chill. There were 5 cases, there were 3 cases of level 2 chills, 0 cases of level 3 chills, and the incidence of chills was 17.77%. There were 26 cases of grade 0 chills in women, 9 cases of chills in 1 case, 7 cases of chills in level 2, 3 cases of chills in level 3, and the incidence of chills was 42.22%. the difference was statistically significant(t=6.40, P=0.01) The value was 0.01; the data comparison is significant. Conclusion In the delivery of cesarean section, the effective subarachnoid injection of lidocaine and sufentanil anesthesia can effectively enhance the anesthetic effect of the mother, improve its clinical indicators, and alleviate the maternal delivery. The degree of pain, to avoid the formation of venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, has a popular application value in the clinic.

[Key words] Subarachnoid space; Lidocaine; Sufentanil; Cesarean section surgery

近年來,隨著計劃生育政策的發(fā)展,剖宮產(chǎn)在我國產(chǎn)婦中的發(fā)生率逐漸上升,在手術(shù)中采取有效的麻醉干預(yù)可保障手術(shù)成功進行,可有效緩解產(chǎn)婦疼痛程度,增強產(chǎn)婦及新生兒的生命安全[1]。在手術(shù)中,給予產(chǎn)婦蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射利多卡因和舒芬太尼麻醉,具有一定的可控性,安全性高,產(chǎn)生的麻醉效果較好。該次研究為分析蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射利多卡因和舒芬太尼在剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用效果,方便選取2017年1月—2018年12月在該院接受治療的90例剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦進行研究,現(xiàn)報道如下。

1? 資料與方法

1.1? 一般資料

方便選取該醫(yī)院收治的90例剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦視為研究對象,按照患者先后入院順序?qū)ζ溥M行分組,將其分為對照組(n=45例)和研究組(n=45例)。其中,對照組產(chǎn)婦年齡最小為21歲,最大為34歲,平均年齡為(27.48±1.57)歲,孕周為35~41周之間,平均孕周為(38.26±1.37)周。研究組產(chǎn)婦年齡最小為22歲,最大為34歲,平均年齡為(27.27±1.65)歲,孕周為36~41周之間,平均孕周為(38.37±1.46)年。經(jīng)醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會審核后,產(chǎn)婦及家屬均同意參與該次研究并簽署知情同意書。兩組產(chǎn)婦上述資料比較,數(shù)據(jù)差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05),可比較。

1.2? 麻醉方法

產(chǎn)婦在進入手術(shù)室后, 給予其氧氣吸入3 L對產(chǎn)婦的生命體征進行密切監(jiān)測,如血壓、心率、心電圖、血氧飽和度等。在產(chǎn)婦蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔進行麻醉藥物注射,在產(chǎn)婦上肢建立靜脈通道,指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)婦行左側(cè)臥位姿勢, 在腰椎L3~4節(jié)處對產(chǎn)婦進行穿刺處理, 當(dāng)腦脊液流出且肉眼可見后,從腰部進行穿針,使得腦脊液稀釋至2 mL,注射麻醉藥物[2-3]。

對照組:給予對照組產(chǎn)婦單獨利多卡因麻醉,采用鹽酸利多卡因注射液(批準(zhǔn)文號:國藥準(zhǔn)字H20043676)注射,將0.75%利多卡因與5%葡萄糖在蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射。

研究組:在對照組的基礎(chǔ)上給予患者舒芬太尼聯(lián)合麻醉,在對照組的基礎(chǔ)上給予產(chǎn)婦5 μg舒芬太尼(批準(zhǔn)文號:國藥準(zhǔn)字H20054172)與4%利多卡因混合液[4]。

1.3? 觀察指標(biāo)

①麻醉效果:將產(chǎn)婦在手術(shù)中肌肉較為松弛,麻醉后產(chǎn)婦蘇醒期平穩(wěn),指標(biāo)監(jiān)測正常且不良反應(yīng)視為良好;將產(chǎn)婦麻醉誘導(dǎo)時稍有嗆咳,呼吸稍有躁動,血壓不平穩(wěn),有較難預(yù)防的并發(fā)癥視為有效;將產(chǎn)婦麻醉后具有強烈的應(yīng)急反應(yīng),對手術(shù)的配合程度較為勉強,肌肉松弛程度較差,容易產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥視為無效。麻醉有效率=麻醉顯效率+麻醉有效率。②相關(guān)臨床指標(biāo):將兩組產(chǎn)婦的阻滯起效時間、阻滯有效時間、無痛時間、利多卡因總劑量等臨床指標(biāo)進行統(tǒng)計并比較。③新生兒Apgar評分:將兩組新生兒的肌張力、脈搏、刺激反應(yīng)、膚色、呼吸等指標(biāo)進行統(tǒng)計并比較[5]。④VAS評分及MBA評分:將兩組患者的疼痛程度、下肢運動神經(jīng)阻滯評分進行統(tǒng)計并比較。⑤寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率:將產(chǎn)婦寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為4級,將術(shù)中沒有出現(xiàn)肌群震顫視為0級;將產(chǎn)婦心電圖無干擾現(xiàn)象,僅面部出現(xiàn)肌群震顫視為1級;將產(chǎn)婦出現(xiàn)中度寒戰(zhàn),面部、頸部、上肢均出現(xiàn)痙攣性震顫視為2級;將產(chǎn)婦全身均出現(xiàn)大肌群痙攣性震顫視為3級。

1.4? 統(tǒng)計方法

采用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件對剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦者進行數(shù)據(jù)處理,將產(chǎn)婦相關(guān)臨床指標(biāo)、新生兒Apgar評分、VAS評分及MBA評分用平均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,進行t檢驗,將產(chǎn)婦麻醉有效率用百分?jǐn)?shù)(%)表示,進行χ2檢驗,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。

2? 結(jié)果

2.1? 兩組產(chǎn)婦麻醉有效率比較

麻醉后,研究組產(chǎn)婦麻醉有效率為95.56%,對照組麻醉有效率為80.00%,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較研究組具有顯著的優(yōu)勢。見表1。

2.2? 兩組產(chǎn)婦相關(guān)臨床指標(biāo)比較

麻醉后,研究組產(chǎn)婦的阻滯起效時間、阻滯有效時間、無痛時間相比較于對照組產(chǎn)婦的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)來說優(yōu)勢顯著,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見表2。

2.3? 兩組新生兒Apgar評分比較

麻醉后,研究組新生兒的肌張力評分、脈搏評分、刺激反應(yīng)評分、膚色評分、呼吸評分顯著高于對照組新生兒的相關(guān)評分,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表3。

2.4? 兩組產(chǎn)婦VAS評分及MBA評分比較

麻醉后,研究組產(chǎn)婦的VAS評分、MBA評分明顯低于對照組產(chǎn)婦VAS評分、MBA評分,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表4。

2.5? 兩組產(chǎn)婦寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率比較

麻醉后,研究組產(chǎn)婦寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率為17.77%,對照組產(chǎn)婦寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率為42.22%,研究組顯著較低,優(yōu)勢顯著,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表5。

3? 討論

剖宮產(chǎn)在臨床中是常見的助產(chǎn)手術(shù)之一,常將其用于難產(chǎn)或不能順產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)婦,在術(shù)中應(yīng)給予產(chǎn)婦有效的麻醉處理,保障手術(shù)的安全完成。在手術(shù)中,麻醉的應(yīng)用應(yīng)保障組織有效時間快,鎮(zhèn)痛效果好,阻滯持續(xù)時間長,可有效保障產(chǎn)婦及新生兒的安全,麻醉藥劑的選擇尤為重要[6]。該次研究采用利多卡因和舒芬太尼聯(lián)合麻醉使用,可有效提高手術(shù)的麻醉效果,保障產(chǎn)婦及新生兒的生命安全。

該次研究結(jié)果表明,研究組產(chǎn)婦的麻醉有效率(95.56%)顯著高于對照組(80.00%);研究組產(chǎn)婦阻滯起效時間(7.63±1.42)min顯著低于對照組(14.37±1.34)min,研究組產(chǎn)婦的阻滯有效時間(54.47±4.72)min、無痛時間(17.52±0.61)min均顯著高于對照組(38.28±3.25)min、(13.46±1.82)min;研究組新生兒Apgar評分顯著高于對照組,研究組產(chǎn)婦的VAS評分(0.38±0.15)分、MBA評分(1.79±0.14)分均顯著低于對照組(1.16±0.82)分、(2.62±0.26)分,研究組患者寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率(17.77%)顯著低于對照組(42.22%),數(shù)據(jù)比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);寒戰(zhàn)發(fā)生率研究與徐茜等人[7]在《小劑量舒芬太尼在剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉中預(yù)防寒顫及牽拉痛的臨床觀察》中的結(jié)果基本一致,具體表現(xiàn)為:觀察組1~3級的寒顫發(fā)生率為(15%)低于對照組的(57.5%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。具體原因為:利多卡因是常見的麻醉藥物,建立靜脈通道使得患者經(jīng)血液吸收藥物,對中樞神經(jīng)達到抑制的效果,可有效增強患者鎮(zhèn)痛效果,將其作用在剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦中,可有效增強產(chǎn)婦的鎮(zhèn)痛效果,是產(chǎn)婦在手術(shù)分娩中能積極配合手術(shù)完成。而舒芬太尼在臨床中也是常見的阿片類鎮(zhèn)痛藥物,對體內(nèi)阿片受體具有刺激作用,可有效降低神經(jīng)細(xì)胞膜的興奮程度,避免對神經(jīng)造成刺激,對患者造成的損傷較小,局部麻醉效果顯著,可有效提高鎮(zhèn)痛鎮(zhèn)靜效果。將舒芬太尼作用在剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦中,可快速達到麻醉效果,對產(chǎn)婦及新生兒造成不良反應(yīng)較小。將兩組藥物聯(lián)合使用可有效減少藥物的使用劑量,加快麻醉起效時間,維持局部麻醉時間,避免對新生兒及產(chǎn)婦造成不良反應(yīng),有效提高手術(shù)的安全性與可靠性[8]。

綜上所述,采用蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射利多卡因和舒芬太尼麻醉在對于剖宮產(chǎn)產(chǎn)婦的分娩中,可有效增強產(chǎn)婦的麻醉效果,縮短阻滯起效時間,延長阻滯有效時間及無痛時間,緩解產(chǎn)婦在分娩時的疼痛程度,避免下肢靜脈血栓的形成,提高新生兒的相關(guān)指標(biāo),在臨床中應(yīng)用效果顯著。

[參考文獻]

[1]? 周夏勻,邱燦金,肖飛,等.輸注去氧腎上腺素對布比卡因蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔阻滯麻醉剖宮產(chǎn)效果的影響[J].中國新藥與臨床雜志,2018,37(2):103-106.

[2]? 袁輝,楊斌.小劑量羅哌卡因復(fù)合舒芬太尼蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔麻醉用于剖宮產(chǎn)的臨床觀察[J].中西醫(yī)結(jié)合心血管病電子雜志,2018,6(2):94-95.

[3]? 余奇勁.兩種蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔阻滯麻醉方案在高齡產(chǎn)婦剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用效果比較[J].廣西醫(yī)學(xué),2018,40(1):51-54.

[4]? 肖飛,徐文平,劉林,等.混合舒芬太尼時布比卡因用于剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)重度子癇前期患者蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔阻滯的量效關(guān)系[J]. 中華麻醉學(xué)雜志,2016,36(11):1316-1318.

[5]? 李友良,魏智慧,史玉華,等. 小劑量低濃度布比卡因復(fù)合舒芬太尼腰麻用于剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)的效果[J]. 河北醫(yī)藥,2017, 39(13):1981-1983.

[6]? 白曉玲,韓景田.小劑量舒芬太尼聯(lián)合布比卡因蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔注射對預(yù)防剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)麻醉中寒戰(zhàn)與牽拉痛的效果觀察[J]. 陜西醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2017, 46(3):400-402.

[7]? 徐茜,李有長,胡佳. 小劑量舒芬太尼在剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉中預(yù)防寒顫及牽拉痛的臨床觀察[J]. 中國醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報, 2016, 13(4):85-88.

[8]? 解素勇,聶津,張建紅,等.舒芬太尼復(fù)合利多卡因用于腹部手術(shù)硬膜外麻醉的臨床研究[J].實用臨床醫(yī)藥雜志, 2016, 20(1):126-127.

(收稿日期:2019-06-14)

猜你喜歡
剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)舒芬太尼利多卡因
利多卡因分子結(jié)構(gòu)研究
術(shù)中持續(xù)靜脈輸注利多卡因的應(yīng)用進展
舒芬太尼與芬太尼對高齡腹腔鏡手術(shù)患者血流動力學(xué)的影響研究
羅比卡因復(fù)合舒芬太尼的硬膜外麻醉效果研究
手術(shù)室對剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)實施優(yōu)質(zhì)護理的效果評價
麻醉藥物聯(lián)合應(yīng)用在小兒支氣管異物取出術(shù)麻醉中的效果比較
妊娠合并子宮肌瘤在剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)中的處理
硬膜外麻醉中同步擴容等對產(chǎn)婦心功能影響的比較
地西泮聯(lián)合利多卡因在人工流產(chǎn)鎮(zhèn)痛中的應(yīng)用效果觀察