李燕香 曹小鳳
摘? 要:隨著電子技術的迅速發(fā)展,以能夠檢測及采集人體生理數(shù)據(jù)、應用于健康監(jiān)控、醫(yī)療保健、體育競技等領域的體域網(wǎng)應用越來越廣泛。但是由于人體姿態(tài)處于不停移動變化中,無線體域網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境很不穩(wěn)定,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃暂^低。針對這一問題,本文引入網(wǎng)絡編碼技術,以簡化的網(wǎng)絡拓撲為模型提出一種基于網(wǎng)絡編解碼的中繼算法,并分析了該算法的網(wǎng)絡傳輸可靠性。最后,以丟包率作為網(wǎng)絡可靠性衡量指標,仿真結果表明:該算法與傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸算法相比,在一定程度上提高了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃浴?/p>
關鍵詞:無線體域網(wǎng);網(wǎng)絡編碼;數(shù)據(jù)可靠傳輸
中圖分類號:TP393? ? ?文獻標識碼:A
Abstract:With the rapid development of electronic technology,Body Area Network (BAN) has been widely used in detecting and collecting human physiological data,health monitoring,health care,sports and other fields.However,because the human body posture is constantly changing,the network environment of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is very unstable,and the reliability of data transmission is low.In order to solve this problem,this paper introduces network coding technology and proposes a relay algorithm based on network coding and decoding,taking simplified network topology as a model,and analyses the reliability of the algorithm in network transmission.Finally,the packet loss rate is used as a measure of network reliability.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the reliability of data transmission to a certain extent compared with traditional data transmission algorithms.
Keywords:Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN);network coding;reliable data transmission
1? ?引言(Introduction)
無線體育網(wǎng)(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)是一種特殊的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡。它是由穿戴在人體表面或者移植在人體內(nèi)部的用于收集人體生理參數(shù)的傳感器及信息處理中心組成[1,2]。體域網(wǎng)通過檢測人體生理數(shù)據(jù),在遠程醫(yī)療,幫老助殘,目擊者救護等諸多領域醫(yī)用廣泛[3]。然而,隨著人體姿勢的變化,體域網(wǎng)的拓撲結構是一個實時變化的網(wǎng)絡,節(jié)點之間的通信質(zhì)量較差,如何提高體域網(wǎng)節(jié)點之間通信的可靠性,有著重要的研究意義。
本文將網(wǎng)絡編碼技術應用到無線體域網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程中提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性。文獻[4]將網(wǎng)絡編碼應用于無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡;文獻[5]通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)驗證了將無線廣播特性與網(wǎng)絡編碼結合對數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性的提高;文獻[6]提出一種基于網(wǎng)絡編碼的多路徑可靠傳輸策略;但是將網(wǎng)絡編碼應用到體域網(wǎng)的研究相對較少,是一個較新的研究方向。
2? 基于BAN網(wǎng)絡編碼算法(BAN-based network
coding algorithm)
2.1? ?網(wǎng)絡模型
本文采用六個源節(jié)點,兩個中繼節(jié)點,一個匯聚節(jié)點的網(wǎng)絡拓撲模型模擬多中繼無線體域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡模型,如圖1所示。
為了提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃?,對中繼節(jié)點接收到的數(shù)據(jù)包進行網(wǎng)絡編碼,并在匯聚節(jié)點對數(shù)據(jù)包進行解碼操作,同時對數(shù)據(jù)包進行去重復操作。
2.2? ?編碼算法
用結合U表示中繼節(jié)點接收到的數(shù)據(jù)包集合,用集合C表示編碼后的數(shù)據(jù)包集合,。編碼方式如下[7]:
2.3? ?解碼算法
匯聚節(jié)點接收到來自中繼節(jié)點的編碼數(shù)據(jù)包(用表示這些數(shù)據(jù)包的Data字段)后,將其放置在矩陣D{n,n}中,n為傳感器節(jié)點個數(shù),矩陣D如下所示。
3? ?實驗分析(Experimental analysis)
本文將不能被成功解碼的數(shù)據(jù)包視為數(shù)據(jù)包丟失,并以數(shù)據(jù)包的丟失率(Packet Loss Rate,PLR)作為網(wǎng)絡的可靠性的衡量。采用蒙特卡洛方法,與其他兩種數(shù)據(jù)傳輸機制對比,在不同誤碼率(Bit Error Rate,BER)、數(shù)據(jù)包錯誤率(Packet Error Rate,PER)下,對比網(wǎng)絡PLR,驗證了本文提出的算法能夠?qū)?shù)據(jù)可靠傳輸帶來一定的改善。
Comparing Algorithm1:將數(shù)據(jù)直接以單鏈路機制發(fā)送到匯聚節(jié)點。
Comparing Algorithm2:冗余傳輸機制。任何數(shù)據(jù)包都發(fā)送兩次。
4? ?結論(Conclusion)
本文針對體域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性低的問題提出一種基于網(wǎng)絡編碼的編解碼算法提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性,并通過與傳統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡傳輸機制對比,通過仿真模擬實驗驗證了本算法對數(shù)據(jù)傳輸可靠性有一定的改善。
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