不同“衣服”:
英語(yǔ)中表示衣服的詞有clothes, clothing, dress和suit等,它們的主要區(qū)別如下:
1. clothes是“衣服”的總稱,包括上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣,而不單指某一件衣服。它只有復(fù)數(shù)形式,通常不能和數(shù)詞連用,說“一套衣服”應(yīng)用a suit of clothes。例如:
Where do you usually get your clothes made?
你的衣服通常是在什么地方做的?
2. clothing也是“衣服”的總稱,但它是不可數(shù)的集體名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。clothing不僅包括衣褲,而且包括帽、襪、手套之類。漢語(yǔ)的“衣、食、住”譯為英語(yǔ)常用“food, clothing and shelter”。“一件衣服”用an article of clothing或a piece of clothing表示。例如:
In winter children need warm clothing. 冬天孩子需要穿暖和的衣服。
3. dress常指“外衣”,特別是社交場(chǎng)合所穿的衣服,有時(shí)專指女服或童裝。例如:
My brother is in full dress. 我的弟弟穿上了西服。(dress這里指服式)
My sister has bought a new dress. 我的妹妹買了一件新衣服。
4. suit的意思是“一套衣服”,如a mans suit (男子的一套衣服,包括外套、背心和褲子),a womans suit (女子的一套衣服,包括上衣和裙子),我們平時(shí)所說的“西服”就用這個(gè)詞。有時(shí)專指男子穿的衣服。例如:
He was wearing a gray suit. 他穿上一套灰色西服。
suit還指專門用途的服裝,如:a bathing suit (游泳衣),a space suit (宇航服)。
不同“穿”法:
英語(yǔ)中表示“穿(衣服)”的詞和短語(yǔ)有dress, wear, put on, have on, be in, be/ get dressed in, pull on, throw on等,但含義和用法不同:
1. dress穿,指動(dòng)作。后面不能跟“衣服”類的詞作賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)只能是人,不能是衣服,dress sb./ oneself。例如:
(誤)My little son can dress his clothes now.
(正)My little son can dress himself now. 我的小兒子現(xiàn)在能自己穿衣服了。
如果要跟“衣服”類的詞,可用句型be/ get dressed in +衣服或表示顏色的詞,表示習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)。例如:
He is not dressed in his uniform. = He is not wearing his uniform. 他沒穿軍裝。
但是,be dressed in和get dressed in 也有所區(qū)別,不能完全替換。get dressed等于dress oneself,以下兩句中的get與be就不宜替換:
After I get dressed, I wash my face. 我穿好衣服后就去洗臉了。
He is dressed in a brown jacket. 他穿了一件棕色的夾克。
2. (1) wear與have on同義,用作及物動(dòng)詞,表示狀態(tài);但wear可以用進(jìn)行時(shí),可以加always, 而have on不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。
(2) have on的賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),代詞只能放在on前;賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí),名詞可以在on前,也可以在on后。
(3) put on也用作及物動(dòng)詞,表示一時(shí)的動(dòng)作,不能加副詞always, 其反義詞是take off?!罢?qǐng)穿上衣服”應(yīng)該用put on,例如:
(誤)Wear your clothes, please.
(正)Put on your clothes, please.
“他今天穿了一件夾克”則用wear或have on:
(誤)He is putting on a jacket today.
(正)He is wearing a jacket today. 或He has a jacket on today.
(4) wear, have on, put on不但可指“穿衣”,還可以指“穿”或“戴”鞋、襪、帽、手套,甚至眼鏡、手表、首飾等;而dress只能指“穿衣”,并且作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)賓語(yǔ)只能是人,不能是衣服。例如:
My boy always wears his cap. 我的兒子常戴著帽子。
3. be in 穿著,指狀態(tài),賓語(yǔ)既可以是衣服、帽子,也可以是顏色。例如:
He is in black. 他身著一身黑。
4. pull on指的是隨便穿上,指穿的動(dòng)作,側(cè)重“拉拽”,賓語(yǔ)常為襪子、手套等。throw on指“匆匆穿上”,指動(dòng)作。
離事故有多遠(yuǎn)
A carpenter was giving evidence about an accident he had witnessed.
The judge asked him how far away he was from the accident.
The carpenter replied "twenty seven feet, six-and-one-half- inches".
“What? How come you are so sure of that distance?” asked the judge.
“Well, I knew some idiot would ask me. So I measured it!” replied the carpenter.
一位木匠正在為他目擊的一起事故作證。
法官問他當(dāng)時(shí)離事發(fā)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有多遠(yuǎn)。
木匠回答,“27英尺,6.5英寸”。
法官問:“什么?你怎么能這樣確定?”
木匠回答,“是啊,我知道一定會(huì)有傻瓜問我這個(gè)問題,所以我事先測(cè)量了一下?!?/p>