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走進(jìn)古村享受奇妙的中國(guó)之旅

2018-10-11 01:58李艷
文化交流 2018年10期
關(guān)鍵詞:約瑟金華古村落

李艷

一千個(gè)讀者心中,有一千個(gè)哈姆雷特;

一千個(gè)外國(guó)人眼里,也有一千個(gè)中國(guó)。

“我曾經(jīng)想象過未來(lái)我將以什么樣的方式去中國(guó)旅行。像大多數(shù)來(lái)中國(guó)旅游的外國(guó)人一樣坐在大巴車上到處觀光?或者是幾年后來(lái)中國(guó)出差?事實(shí)上,我對(duì)這些旅游方式一點(diǎn)都不感興趣,因?yàn)檫@樣我無(wú)法學(xué)到任何中國(guó)的文化和傳統(tǒng)?!?/p>

約瑟琳來(lái)自德國(guó)迪恩,她的糾結(jié)吐露了相當(dāng)一部分外國(guó)人的心聲。正在金華嵩溪舉行的第七季海外名校學(xué)子走進(jìn)金華古村落活動(dòng),為世界所有渴望走進(jìn)中國(guó)、了解中國(guó)的外國(guó)人,尤其是青年才俊提供了一個(gè)很好的平臺(tái):走進(jìn)金華家+,在中國(guó)的家庭里住三個(gè)星期,和村民同吃同住,體驗(yàn)跨文化的魅力。

夏末時(shí)節(jié),約瑟琳和來(lái)自美國(guó)、法國(guó)、英國(guó)等15國(guó)的50名海外名校學(xué)子,就這樣走進(jìn)中國(guó),在金華古村落享受奇妙的中國(guó)之旅。

德國(guó)女孩:哇!中國(guó)文化這么豐富

“像很多第一次來(lái)中國(guó)的海外參與者一樣,我對(duì)于即將發(fā)生的一切非常期待。到達(dá)嵩溪村之后,我被盛大的歡迎儀式,還有熱情的村民、舞龍和音樂震驚到了?!奔s瑟琳對(duì)嵩溪的最初印象有兩個(gè):“一是村民們的好客,特別是家+的叔叔阿姨們,他們總是默默站在幕后,熱情地迎接我們的到來(lái),為我們準(zhǔn)備好飯菜;二是對(duì)主辦方的辛勤付出印象深刻,是他們領(lǐng)著我們走進(jìn)了浦江縣嵩溪村?!?/p>

開幕式上,在代表海外名校學(xué)子上臺(tái)發(fā)言時(shí),約瑟琳發(fā)出了倡議:“我們將投桃報(bào)李,回報(bào)你們的辛勤付出。我們所有的海外參與者將群策群力,發(fā)揮我們?nèi)康哪芰椭腔?,提高金華嵩溪的國(guó)際知名度,將嵩溪村打造成國(guó)際旅游景點(diǎn)。”

迪恩是金華的友好城市,約瑟琳的地理老師參加金華交換活動(dòng)回國(guó)后,告訴了她有這么一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。約瑟琳詳細(xì)了解后再也坐不住了,馬上報(bào)名參加,她把該項(xiàng)目定義為“獨(dú)一無(wú)二的文化體驗(yàn)”。

海外名校學(xué)子被分成不同的組,助力當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展建設(shè)。約瑟琳被分到電商組,為浦江水晶、書畫等特色產(chǎn)品在網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)擴(kuò)大知名度而吆喝。

“這是我第一次來(lái)中國(guó)。以前對(duì)中國(guó)不太了解,沒想到中國(guó)發(fā)展這么快?!被顒?dòng)期間,約瑟琳和來(lái)自世界各國(guó)不同語(yǔ)言不同膚色的海外同伴,走到哪兒都能感受到中國(guó)人的熱情好客。“這也是有別于德國(guó)的中國(guó)特色文化,我所體驗(yàn)的只是冰山一角。書法、龍燈、太極拳……哇,中國(guó)文化這么豐富!”

美國(guó)小伙:能用中文自如交流

海外名校學(xué)子走進(jìn)金華古村落活動(dòng)自2015年6月起,迄今已成功舉辦了六季,吸引了56國(guó)297名學(xué)子參加。從近幾季的情況看,會(huì)說(shuō)中文的海外名校學(xué)子越來(lái)越多。正在嵩溪舉行的第七季,來(lái)自德國(guó)、波蘭、捷克等國(guó)家的多位學(xué)生,能用中文和人自如交流。其中,美國(guó)學(xué)生佳杰表現(xiàn)尤為出眾,儼然是位“中國(guó)通”。

“單人旁的佳,杰出的杰。這兩個(gè)都是好的意思,我希望自己能好上加好。”第一次見面,佳杰的自我介紹就讓人忍俊不禁。

佳杰是其中文名,在美國(guó)學(xué)中文時(shí)取的。“你知道在外國(guó)學(xué)中文并不容易。為什么學(xué)中文?因?yàn)榻涛覀冎形牡睦蠋熀軣崆?、很有趣?!奔呀苷f(shuō),自己在美國(guó)高中讀的是男校,每天西裝革履壓抑得很,他就想“解脫、逃逸”。高三、高四,學(xué)校有為期一年的海外游學(xué)機(jī)會(huì),每個(gè)學(xué)生都可以申請(qǐng)。佳杰在高二就提交了申請(qǐng),在北師大二附中學(xué)習(xí)了9個(gè)月。

“中國(guó)高中比美國(guó)高中嚴(yán)格,中國(guó)高中的目標(biāo)主要針對(duì)高考,上課要很認(rèn)真、仔細(xì)聽講,讀書必須很努力、很用功?!庇螌W(xué)結(jié)束后,佳杰回到美國(guó)讀完高中,考上了美國(guó)阿姆斯特學(xué)院。大一時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)了也在該學(xué)院讀書的金華學(xué)生邵雨時(shí)。邵雨時(shí)曾在俞源、瑣園兩季海外名校學(xué)子走進(jìn)金華古村落活動(dòng)中當(dāng)志愿者,在國(guó)外求學(xué)期間,她不失時(shí)機(jī)地向外國(guó)朋友介紹該活動(dòng)。佳杰聽了非常感興趣,當(dāng)即就報(bào)名參加。

“我恨不得馬上回到中國(guó)去!”佳杰說(shuō),自己前前后后大約學(xué)了5年左右的中文,但在此次來(lái)中國(guó)前,中文的好多詞都忘得差不多了,“現(xiàn)在大部分又回到腦子里了”。

佳杰很喜歡嵩溪,喜歡中國(guó)的古村落?!斑@里家的氣氛很好,向每一個(gè)人敞開大門:‘歡迎來(lái)我家。人與人之間很友好,喜歡交流,完全不冷漠?!?/p>

佳杰喜歡看余華、莫言的書,之前曾到甘肅、云南旅游。在他看來(lái),保持傳統(tǒng)文化的中國(guó)古村落是最有吸引力的。

以色列的Roy:發(fā)現(xiàn)了中國(guó)的開放與包容

“雖然國(guó)籍不同背景不同,但彼此之間也可以做到交流和理解,因?yàn)槲覀兛梢酝ㄟ^微笑去表達(dá)自己的情感。大部分參與者都是第一次來(lái)中國(guó),或許剛開始,我們會(huì)感到一些迷茫。但是,這21天將會(huì)幫助我們?nèi)ヌ剿鬟@個(gè)新世界,愛上我們的新家?!眮?lái)自以色列的Roy是這季最活躍的海外參與者之一。電商代言、七夕晚會(huì)、綠道騎行……幾乎所有的活動(dòng),他都是最“出鏡”的一個(gè)。村民、游客想和他一起拍照,他也來(lái)者不拒,非常熱情地配合做動(dòng)作、手勢(shì)。

“我在以色列從來(lái)沒有這種像明星一樣的感覺。我從來(lái)沒有到過印度之外的任何一個(gè)亞洲國(guó)家,中國(guó)的體驗(yàn)太棒了!”Roy不會(huì)說(shuō)中文,但在以色列上大學(xué)時(shí)選修過中國(guó)課,聽過中國(guó)故事。

“聽故事和實(shí)地看完全是兩回事。我特別興奮能有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。來(lái)到中國(guó)?!盧oy是聽參加過往季活動(dòng)的大學(xué)朋友介紹才報(bào)名參加的。沒來(lái)中國(guó)之前,他和大多數(shù)以色列人一樣,以為中國(guó)close(封閉),沒想到實(shí)地看了,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)如此open(開放)、tolerable(包容)。

活動(dòng)期間,只要有時(shí)間,Roy喜歡在迷宮一樣的嵩溪村里到處走走看看,和村民打著手勢(shì)“說(shuō)話”?!半m然語(yǔ)言不通,但通過動(dòng)作、表情,我們的心連在一起。以色列和中國(guó),在文化、歷史和生活方式上有著巨大的不同,在這里的每一刻都讓我感到新鮮,并保持著強(qiáng)烈的好奇心。這種新鮮感和好奇心促使我更加迫切地想了解中國(guó)、學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)文化。當(dāng)我和村民交流的時(shí)候,我更加堅(jiān)定了這種信念。我想呼吁所有的參與者,讓我們保持好奇心,去發(fā)現(xiàn)嵩溪,去為發(fā)展嵩溪出謀劃策,將嵩溪的絕美自然、豐富的文化歷史、精美的古代建筑展現(xiàn)給世界!”

克羅地亞姑娘:在當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w發(fā)報(bào)道

不久前結(jié)束的2018世界杯,書寫勵(lì)志傳奇的克羅地亞隊(duì)一舉奪得世界杯亞軍,在中國(guó)球迷中圈粉無(wú)數(shù)。相對(duì)于中國(guó)對(duì)克羅地亞的熟悉,不少克羅地亞人對(duì)中國(guó)并不了解。來(lái)自克羅地亞的勞拉說(shuō):“很多克羅地亞人對(duì)中國(guó)很陌生,不知道中國(guó)人是怎樣生活的,用不用智能手機(jī),是貧窮還是富裕?”

勞拉到中國(guó)的第一天就被驚到了。“雖然是在農(nóng)村,但每個(gè)人都很熱情、開放,家中生活殷實(shí),幾乎人人都在使用智能手機(jī)?!?/p>

勞拉的父母都是媒體從業(yè)人員,她“女承父業(yè)”,活動(dòng)期間勤奮撰稿,短短一個(gè)星期,已在當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w上發(fā)表了4篇報(bào)道,賣力宣傳、介紹中國(guó)。別看她長(zhǎng)得文文弱弱,采訪問問題卻很犀利。

看到市外僑辦主任章宏,她上前逮住就問:“‘海外名校是一個(gè)對(duì)外開放的任務(wù)嗎?”

“這不是任務(wù),而是一個(gè)為世界青年提供跨文化交流的平臺(tái)。國(guó)之交,在于民相親。希望每一位海外參與者,都能把金華的古村落當(dāng)成第二故鄉(xiāng),你們走了,但對(duì)村里的貢獻(xiàn)像傳說(shuō)一樣留在村里。”

章宏的回答讓勞拉很滿意。她在采訪本上一邊記,一邊笑著說(shuō):“你們讓我感覺就像在自己家里一樣,這里已經(jīng)是我的第二故鄉(xiāng)了?!?/p>

收獲的并不只有知識(shí),還是友情和愛情。

來(lái)自捷克的埃法和馬克斯是第七季為數(shù)不多的“雙季”參與者,也是一對(duì)因活動(dòng)而結(jié)緣的情侶。兩人在來(lái)中國(guó)前并不認(rèn)識(shí)。去年報(bào)名參加在金華開發(fā)區(qū)上境舉行的第六季海外名校學(xué)子走進(jìn)金華古村落活動(dòng)時(shí),兩人暗生情愫,最終走到了一起。

“金華古村落資源豐富,各有各的特色。上境地處平原,視野開闊;嵩溪地處山區(qū),群山環(huán)抱,房屋都是用石頭建的,非常有特色。”埃法和馬克斯在上境共同打造的99枚“上境印跡”見證金華與世界友誼長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)久久,如今正成為游覽景點(diǎn)。在嵩溪,兩人又將聯(lián)手開發(fā)兩條探險(xiǎn)路線,助力嵩溪旅游開發(fā)。

印度教授:我關(guān)注你們很久了

“海外名?!被顒?dòng)在浦江熱熱鬧鬧舉辦的同時(shí),也在境外學(xué)術(shù)界開了花。繼今年6月底在南非舉辦的金磚國(guó)家地方政府論壇上分享項(xiàng)目之后,活動(dòng)主辦方又收到了印度Jamia Millia isalamia大學(xué)一位教授的邀請(qǐng),希望活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目組可以赴印度參加“田園風(fēng)光,鄉(xiāng)村旅游”國(guó)際學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議,分享成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

“這位教授我們并不認(rèn)識(shí),也沒有來(lái)過中國(guó)。他是聽之前參加過活動(dòng)的印度參與者介紹才發(fā)來(lái)郵件的?!表?xiàng)目組執(zhí)行負(fù)責(zé)人徐淑芳介紹,Jamia Millia isalamia是印度知名大學(xué),這位教授通過項(xiàng)目組公共郵箱發(fā)來(lái)邀請(qǐng):“恭喜你們!我關(guān)注你們很久了,海外名校學(xué)子走進(jìn)金華古村落活動(dòng),在促進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村旅游上有獨(dú)特的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和貢獻(xiàn)。請(qǐng)接受來(lái)自印度的熱烈邀請(qǐng),歡迎前來(lái)印度分享你們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?!?/p>

“海外名?!被顒?dòng)一直以助力鄉(xiāng)村振興為己任。第七季“海外名?!被顒?dòng)在項(xiàng)目開展之初就緊緊圍繞鄉(xiāng)村振興展開,從新農(nóng)村景觀改造硬件的提升,到“創(chuàng)客結(jié)對(duì)”“我為浦江代言”等特色活動(dòng)內(nèi)容的設(shè)計(jì),無(wú)不通過國(guó)際面孔、國(guó)際思維做足鄉(xiāng)村振興文章。據(jù)悉,該學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議今年11月將在印度Jamia Millia isalamia大學(xué)舉行。

來(lái)自以色列、波蘭、德國(guó)的三名海外參與者,更是把該項(xiàng)目當(dāng)作他們的畢業(yè)論文選題。“三人都是往季海外參與者,他們回國(guó)后,對(duì)活動(dòng)印象深刻。其中,以色列的依力持畢業(yè)論文都寫好了,題目是《從金華“海外名?!笨绰糜慰沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展》。波蘭的花安娜、德國(guó)的桑德拉,雖然論文沒有寫好,但主題也已確定,都與金華有關(guān),都有去年參加活動(dòng)的印記?!?/p>

徐淑芳透露,很多海外參與者意猶未盡,都想再來(lái)金華“回爐”?;ò材鹊胗浬暇硾]有完成的創(chuàng)作,多次來(lái)信問什么時(shí)候可以舉辦“海外名校上境2.0版”。桑德拉在助上境完成國(guó)際童話花園、旅游可持續(xù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃后,今年7月干脆申請(qǐng)來(lái)浙江師范大學(xué)留學(xué),接下來(lái),這名美麗的德國(guó)姑娘又可以重續(xù)她未了的金華情緣了。

“在無(wú)與倫比的三周之后,在中國(guó)的一個(gè)小鄉(xiāng)村,有了中國(guó)的父母,德國(guó)的室友,和老撾人一起聚會(huì),和羅馬尼亞人一起寫文章,和南非人一起分享一瓶啤酒,和意大利人一起唱Azurro,和喀麥隆人一起跳Wakka wakka,和莫桑比克人一起練習(xí)葡萄牙語(yǔ),由美國(guó)人為我畫肖像,和法國(guó)人在巴士上促膝長(zhǎng)談,遇到了在鏡頭前害羞的中國(guó)攝影師,并和來(lái)自世界各地的人士結(jié)交朋友?!蓖緟⑴c者、印度的Shravan Rangarajan有感而發(fā)的關(guān)于“世界村”的神奇,正在一季又一季海外名校學(xué)子身上重演。

……

嵩溪村因溪水得名,村中保存比較完好的有1560間古建筑。對(duì)外國(guó)朋友來(lái)說(shuō),高樓大廈不稀奇,在哪個(gè)國(guó)家哪個(gè)城市都能見到,只有這些凝聚著先人智慧的古建筑、傳統(tǒng)文化,才真正是最具有吸引力的。

瑣園、寺平、俞源、芝堰、上境……一個(gè)又一個(gè)中國(guó)村莊,因“海外名?!被顒?dòng)而鳳凰涅槃,從默默無(wú)聞、徘徊不前到名聲大噪、游人如織,這樣的“華麗轉(zhuǎn)身”“美麗蛻變”如今再次在嵩溪重演。這個(gè)浸滿一池宋詞翰墨、蘊(yùn)藏一屋唐詩(shī)意境的村莊,正吸引越來(lái)越多的海內(nèi)外游客紛至沓來(lái),走進(jìn)嵩溪的樸實(shí)里,走進(jìn)清風(fēng)一樣的呼吸里,和歷史與文明對(duì)話,向中國(guó)和世界告白。

(本文圖片由黃澤振攝)

There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand peoples eyes. There are a thousand China in a thousand foreigners eyes.

“I imagined many times about my first visit in China. Would it be a bus tour, just like many other first-timers? Or would it be a business trip someday? I dont want my first time in China to be like that, because that way Id never learn about the real culture,” said Kathrin Rau from Nordrhein-Westfalen in Germany.

Kathrin is one of the foreign students taking part in the 7th season of a 3-week cultural immersion homestay program in Zhejiang, a province in eastern China. The students, representing 50 universities in 15 countries including the US, France, the UK, Germany and Poland, had their first taste of China in the countryside of Jinhua in central Zhejiang, and returned to their home countries with an unforgettable memory of the fascinating Chinese culture and something in common.

“We were welcomed into Songxi by the villagers in a grand ceremony of boisterous songs and ‘dragon dance. The sizzling passion and hospitality of the locals impressed me. Every day during the three weeks, I went ‘home to find the table all set up with carefully prepared dishes; and the organization of the activities was awesome,” Kathrin recalled with excitement.

“Well work together and do what we can to promote the village after we go back to our countries,” the girl vowed at the opening ceremony of the Songxi program.

During their stay in Songxi, the participants were divided into several groups including an e-commerce team that focused on the local specialties such as crystal processing, calligraphy, and painting. “The dynamic development of China opened my eyes. What I experienced through the program was exciting, but I knew it was just the tip of an iceberg.”

Launched in June of 2015, “Jinhua Villages through the Eyes of Foreign Students” has drawn participation of 297 students representing 56 countries in total. The program has brought international students into the fabulous culture of Jinhua through a cycle of well-designed activities held in ancient villages such as Yuyuan and Zhiyan. Many of the students taking part in the 7th season, hosted by Songxi Village, showed an impressive level of spoken Chinese.

“I gave myself the Chinese name ‘佳杰 when I was taking my Chinese lessons in America. The two characters mean ‘superb, and that is the kind of person I want myself to be,” Jacob Pagano, from the US, introduced himself. “I became interested in the language because of my charismatic Chinese teacher.”

Dying to have a chance to “run away from the daily routines of the rigid boys high school”, Jacob joined a nine-month program in a high school in Beijing in his last high school year, before he went back to the US, finished his high school study and entered Amherst College. When in Beijing, he learned about the Jinhua cultural program from Shao Yushi, one of the Chinese friends he made.

“During the three weeks in Songxi, I felt all the words and phrases I spent so much time to learn back in the US started to make real sense to me,” Jacob shared his excitement. “The people here are extremely friendly, always ready to chat and happy to share.”

For Jacob, villages are a treasure trove in which the Chinese culture can be tasted in the most authentic way. His favorite Chinese authors include Mo Yan and Yu Hua.

“Despite differences in cultural backgrounds, we have many ways to communicate and understand each other, and can express ourselves through smiles. This is the first time in China for many of us, but I am sure there will be nothing getting in the way of falling in love with this country and our new ‘home in Jinhua.”

Roy, from Israel, was one of the most active participants taking part in the Songxi program. “I felt like a movie star here. China is the second country in Asia Ive been to, and a truly wonderful place to be.” Language was an obstacle for Roy, who doesnt speak Chinese at all. “I took an elective course about China during my college years back in Israel, but coming here and being in the culture feels completely different from listening to stories in my language about China in the classroom. Seeing is believing. China is so different from what I imagined before.”

Roy made the best of every day of his Songxi adventure, exploring nooks and crannies and using head nods and hand gestures to “talk” with the villagers. The unique architectural heritage of the village fascinated Roy. “The more I learned about China, the more curious I became and the more I want to be back here soon.”

“People in Croatia know little about China. I was quite shocked by the openness, friendliness and well-off life of the villagers here,” Laura Volaric Horvat shared. Influenced by her journalist parents, the girls passion in journalism was fully released during the three weeks in Songxi – she published four stories introducing the cultural exchange program and promoting the Chinese culture in the media in Croatia in the first week of the program.

For Eva Ze?ková and Maximilian Teubert, both from Czech and taking part in the 6th season of the program, the three-week cultural immersion in Shangjing village in Jinhua sowed the seeds of not only friendship but also love.

The program has also blossomed into new cultural exchange possibilities in the academic circles of other countries. The organizer received a letter of invitation, from Jamia Millia isalamia University in India, to attend an international seminar on rural tourism to be held in November in India and speak about the program in Jinhua to their international colleagues. “I have been keeping an eye on the exciting program for quite a while, and want to send my cordial invitation,” the professor wrote in the email. The professor had learned about the program in Jinhua through an international student from India who had spent three weeks in one of the ancient villages in Jinhua.

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