江蘇省徐州七中 彭向梅

悅讀貼士

本刊所有文章中注釋的詞匯均為非課標詞匯，無須記憶與理解;在文后注釋的詞匯為課標詞匯，建議同學們將后者整理為詞匯掌中寶，以便隨帶隨記。

Step 1 感知·閱讀導航

話題導入

一個六歲的孩子，制定了賣汽車緩沖貼紙的計劃，以維護世界和平。他一步一個腳印，把每一個不可思議的環(huán)節(jié)都變成了現(xiàn)實。最終，他成功地站到電視機前，講述自己的勵志故事。讓我們在驚嘆中一起開啟閱讀時光吧。

本文中Ronald Wilson Reagan（羅納德·威爾遜·里根，美國第40任總統(tǒng)），Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev（米哈伊爾·謝爾蓋耶維奇·戈爾巴喬夫，俄羅斯人，蘇聯(lián)最后一任總統(tǒng)）。

此文章是一篇小說。閱讀小說時，應(yīng)抓住人物、情節(jié)，以及環(huán)境三個要素。本文的閱讀重心應(yīng)放在前兩點上。

全文663詞，難度中等，建議用時12分鐘。

閱讀立意

閱讀時應(yīng)達到以下三個基本目標：

1.通過快速閱讀培養(yǎng)概述故事的能力以及抓住事件發(fā)展的重要環(huán)節(jié)——開端、發(fā)展、高潮及結(jié)局；

2.通過精讀，體會主人公在事件發(fā)展環(huán)節(jié)中的應(yīng)對智慧，形成人物行為品質(zhì)分析的思辨能力；

3.借助對2017年北京卷完形填空故事的簡析，對比分析同樣主題意義的表達，即小孩子影響大世界的不同手法。

A little kid down at our church in Huntington Beach came up to me after he heard me talk about the Children's Bank.“My name is Tommy Tighe.I'm six years old and I want to borrow money from your Children's Bank.”

I said， “Tommy， that's one of my goals， to loan放款money to kids.What do you want to do?”

He said， “Ever since I was four， I had a dream that I could cause peace in the world.I want to make a bumper stickerthatsays， ‘PEACE，PLEASE!DOITFORUSKIDS，’signedTommy.”

“I can get behind that，” I said.He needed$454 to produce 1，000 bumper stickers.The Mark Victor Hansen Children's Free Enterprise Fund wrote a note to the printer who was printing the bumper stickers.

We gave Tommy a copy of all of my tapes and he listened to them 21 times each and①took ownership of the material.It said， “Always start selling at the top.” Tommy②talked his dad into driving him up to Ronald Wilson Reagan's home.Tommy rang the bell and the gatekeeper came out.Tommy gave a two-minute，irresistible sales presentation on hisbumpersticker.The gatekeeper reached in his pocket， gave Tommy$1.50 and said，“Here， I want one of those.③Hold on and I'll get the former president.”

He sent a bumper sticker to Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev with a bill for$1.50 in US funds.Gorbachev sent him back$1.50 and a picture that said， “Go for peace， Tommy，” and signed it， “Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev， President”.

The Sunday edition of the Orange County Register did a feature section on Tommy's story.Marty Shaw，the journalist， interviewed Tommy for six hours and④wrote a successful interview.Marty asked Tommy what he thought his impact would be on world peace.Tommy said， “I don't think I am old enough yet;I think you have to be the eighth or ninth to stop all the wars in the world.”

Three days later，I got a call from the Hallmark Greeting Card Company.They were having a meeting in San Francisco and wanted Tommy to speak.⑤After all，they saw that Tommy had eight goals for himself:

1.⑥Have bumper stickers printed.

2.⑦Make a plan for a loan.

3.Find out how to tell people.

4.Get addresses of leaders.

5.Write a letter to all of the presidents and leaders of other countries and send them all a free bumper sticker.

6.Talk to everyone about peace.

7.Call the newspaper sellers and talk about my business.

8.Have a talk with schools.

Joan Rivers called Tommy Tighe to be on her television show.“Tommy，” Joan said， “this is Joan Rivers and I want you on my TV show which is viewed by millions.”

“Great!”said Tommy.

“I am only eight years old， so I can't come alone.You can afford to pay for my mom，too，can't you，Joan?”

“Yes!”Joan replied.

Step 2 實踐·文本解讀

“By the way， I just watched a Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous show and it said to stay at the Trump Plaza when you're in New York.You can make that happen，can't you， Joan?”

“Yes!”she answered.

“Great.Did I tell you my mom doesn't drive?So we can use your limo豪華轎車， can't we?”

“Sure.” said Joan.

Tommy went on with The Joan Rivers Show and praised Joan， the camera crew， the live and television audiences.He was so handsome， interesting， authentic and such a great story teller.He told such attractive and inspiring stories that the listeners were found⑧pulling money out of their wallets to buy a bumper sticker⑨on the spot.

At the end of the show， Joan asked， “Tommy， do you really think your bumper sticker will cause peace in the world?”

Tommy， like crazy and with a sunny smile， said，“So far I've had it out two years and got the Berlin Wall down.I'm doing pretty good， don't you think?”

閱讀掃障

Ⅰ.熟詞生義

文中詞條基本含義引申含義生義例句presentation （Para.5）The presentation of prizes and certificates will take place in the main hall.獎品和證書的頒發(fā)儀式將在大廳舉行。報告；演講；陳述授予；頒發(fā)address（Para.8） 住址；地址；通信處 設(shè)法解決；處理；對付We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution.我們必須設(shè)法解決交通污染問題。

Ⅱ.熱詞積累

Vocabulary

1.irresistible adj.so strong that it cannot be stopped or resisted不可遏止的；無法抵制的

2.crew n.a group of people with special skills working together技術(shù)人員團隊；專業(yè)團隊

3.authentic adj.true and accurate真實的；真正的

Phrases

1.took ownership of...取得……的所有權(quán)

2.talked sb into...說服某人……

3.hold on堅持；等一等

4.wrote a successful interview寫一篇成功的訪談

5.after all畢竟

6.have bumper stickers printed印好緩沖貼紙7.make a plan制定計劃

8.pulling money out of掏錢出來

9.on the spot在現(xiàn)場

Ⅲ.難句分析

Marty asked Tommy what he thought his impact would be on world peace.馬蒂問湯米，他認為他能給世界和平帶來什么影響。

句中what引導的是賓語從句，并在從句中作would be的表語。應(yīng)注意的是，what引導從句時，常用在主語、表語和賓語從句中，充當主語、表語，以及賓語。

句式仿寫

1.我首先想要搞清楚的是，它要花多長時間。（在主語從句中作賓語）

2.這封信很清楚地說明了他們在籌劃什么。（在賓語從句中作賓語）

【答案】1.What I wanted to figure out first was how long it was going to take.

2.The letter showed clearly what they were planning.

立意呈現(xiàn)

1.Preparing to read

（1）From the title and the opening paragraph， what do you think the passage will be about?

（2）This is a well-organized _______.

A.speech B.advertisement C.story

（3）Do you think there is too much talk in the passage?Is it necessary?

【答案】（1）It will be a topic about Tommy borrowing money from the Children’s Bank to make bumper stickers.

（2）C

（3）No.It is necessary to continue the story.

2.Understanding the structure and the content

Complete the form after reading the passage quickly.One word for one blank.

Development 1._______Beginning A little kid called 2._______borrowed money from the Children's Bank for his 3.that he could cause peace in the world.He had eight clear 4.for himself and achieved 5.by selling lots of bumper stickers.He was invited by the popular 6._______show to share his amazing story.

【答案】1.Ending 2.Tommy 3.dream 4.goals 5.success 6.TV

點石成金：快讀文本的方法有很多，其中一種就是通過標題和首段進行預測。結(jié)合全文，當觀察到文中出現(xiàn)大量對話時，即可判斷文章體裁為小說。對話的作用是推進情節(jié)的。本文人物線非常清晰，文本的推進沒有顯性的時間詞，關(guān)鍵是事件發(fā)展的邏輯性。那么抓事件的開端、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果，就是可供選擇的高效閱讀方法。

Step 3 運用·讀寫整合

1.凸顯文本特點

通過前面的閱讀，我們完成了語篇概括。通過深入挖掘此篇文章，我們可以看出，在對話推動事件發(fā)展的過程中，人物性格非常清晰，值得細細揣摩。

2.讀寫任務(wù)達成

（1）語篇縮寫（見立意呈現(xiàn)表格）

At the beginning of the story，_________________________.The amazing part is that________________________.The ending can't be missed that___________________.

【參考答案】

At the beginning of the story，a little kid called Tommy borrowed money from my Children's Bank for his dream that he could cause peace in the world.The amazing part is that this 6-year-old boy had eight clear goals for himself and achieved success by selling lots of bumper stickers.The ending can't be missed that he was invited by the popular TV show to share his dream and action.（2）段落寫作

Tommy用他的自信、機智、勇敢和幽默征服了觀眾甚至總統(tǒng)。幾乎每個人都愿意掏錢買他的緩沖貼紙，幫助他實現(xiàn)維護和平的心愿。讓我們一起近距離走進湯米的對話，感知這個了不起的孩子的智慧。

①信息提取——行為品質(zhì)分析圖

Tips:

The word bank below is available for you to choose freely.Different judgement is accepted.

adventurous有冒險精神的；大膽的 calm冷靜的industrious勤奮的 sincere誠摯的 considerate考慮周到的；體諒的 humorous幽默的 resourceful足智多謀的confident/self-confident自信的 firm堅定的 methodical有條不紊的 thoughtful考慮周到的 motivated積極的purposeful果斷的 honest誠實的 wise明智的；聰明的smart/intelligent/clever聰明的 witty機智的；詼諧的

②信息整合——問題鏈激發(fā)思維

Q1：What quality of the boy impresses you most?

Q2：What can you learn from Tommy?

③信息續(xù)構(gòu)——句型詞塊搭建支架

In my opinion，the quality impressing me most is___________________.In this story，Tommy_______________________.What I can learn from him is that___________________.

段內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)：觀點＋事例支撐＋個人感悟及總結(jié)

可供選擇的其他句型或詞塊：

On my personal note/From where I stand/As far as I am concerned/As for me...

The quality that impresses me most/that leaves me a deep impression/that touches me is_______________________________________________________________.The important thing that I can learn from him is that______________________________________________.

【參考范文】

In my opinion，the quality impressing me most is his confidence and creativity.In this story，Tommy is hopeful about his plan and replies to the interview confidently.Besides，he employs creative ways to sell his bumper stickers，which is a real success.What I can learn from him is that I should gain confidence by setting up a practical plan and working towards it.Developing creative thinking abilities is also of great significance in my future.（3）寫作實踐（全文重構(gòu)）

請概述《湯米的緩沖貼紙》一文主要內(nèi)容，抓住文中湯米的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)，談?wù)勀愕目捶ú⑺伎嘉覀兡軐W到的地方。

點石成金：語篇縮寫，達成寫作第一段。段落寫作，達成寫作實踐的第二、三段。（4）讀寫歸納

本文為典型的記敘文，文本的獨特性是以對話和事件的發(fā)展邏輯性推動全文。人物線單一，同學們可以通過抓住人物品質(zhì)進行讀寫?？熳x策略的應(yīng)用，為同學們練習語篇縮寫打下基礎(chǔ)。人物行為品質(zhì)分析圖，又為解構(gòu)文本、提取信息建好支架。借助提供的詞塊、句型、語料素材，同學們可以在閱讀中完成讀后感寫作以及對詞塊句型的學習。

Step 4 提升·素養(yǎng)建構(gòu)

對比提升

《湯米的緩沖貼紙》與2017年北京卷完形填空的對比賞析

背景信息

2017 年北京卷完形填空

題材：孩子參與公益活動，幫助無家可歸的人。

體裁：記敘文。

故事梗概：5歲的Hannah Taylor和媽媽看到一個從垃圾桶里撿東西吃的流浪漢后很難過。上學的時候，Hannah又看到全部家當只有一輛購物車的人。她在媽媽的鼓勵下，呼吁社會幫助流浪漢并靠自己的努力組織慈善活動和建立慈善所，最終獲得表彰。Hannah繼續(xù)過著普通學校女生的生活，依然幫助無家可歸的人。

對比材料片段節(jié)選

來自2017年北京卷的完形填空部分節(jié)選：

One day， when she was five years old， she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a man eating out of a garbage can.

Later， when Hannah attended school， she saw another homeless person...Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad，she wouldn't feel as bad.

Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces.She hoped to spread her message of hope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foundation，an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness.She began to host “Big Bosses”lunches，where she would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause.She also organized a fundraising (募 捐 )drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone's spare change during “Make Change” month.More recently，the foundation began another campaign called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate$20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada's hungry and homeless.

對比賞析 湯米的緩沖貼紙 2017年北京卷完形填空主題意義五歲女孩致力公益資助無家可歸的人六歲男孩倡導維護世界和平故事梗概Tommy從兒童銀行貸款，制作并出售印有和平宣傳語的緩沖貼紙，受到總統(tǒng)和民眾的歡迎。他所表現(xiàn)出的大膽、機智、幽默、真實，以及有說服力的自身故事征服了電視秀現(xiàn)場的觀眾。大家欽佩他的世界和平夢想。Hannah受到流浪漢的觸動，決定以一己之力做公益。先后為慈善發(fā)聲，創(chuàng)辦了瓢蟲基金會，主持“大老板”午餐會，組織了一場募捐活動，在“改變”月里收集每個人的零錢。最近，基金會開始了另一項活動，在傳統(tǒng)的“紅領(lǐng)巾日”這一天，人們捐出20美元，戴上紅色圍巾，以支持饑餓和無家可歸的人。

歸納總結(jié)

同學們在閱讀相似主題，不同文本時，可以根據(jù)文本的不同特點，進行不同側(cè)重的閱讀思考；完形、閱讀、寫作的考查都是基于話題功能和文本特色的。不積跬步無以至千里，開啟閱讀之路吧！