安徽 吳安運(yùn)
安全與救護(hù)話題是近幾年中考英語書面表達(dá)的命題熱點(diǎn)之一,其目的是樹立同學(xué)們的安全意識,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解決安全問題的能力。良好的安全與救護(hù)教育可以讓我們學(xué)會自我保護(hù),遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn),從而快樂地享受生活。我們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)記住“生命第一,財(cái)產(chǎn)第二”,平安成長比成功更重要。有關(guān)安全與救護(hù)的話題包括以下幾個(gè)方面:
網(wǎng)上購物、聊天交友、網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲、在線學(xué)習(xí)、電子賀卡、媒體視頻等已經(jīng)實(shí)實(shí)在在地給我們的生活帶來了便利,當(dāng)然上網(wǎng)的安全問題也隨之出現(xiàn)。因此,要求同學(xué)們能就網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶給人們的實(shí)惠和“副作用”等問題發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)與看法。
出行安全包括步行、交通和自然安全等內(nèi)容。步行安全主要指在上學(xué)路上或娛樂場所游玩時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng);交通安全主要指平安乘車(船、飛機(jī))、遵守交通規(guī)則等問題;自然安全主要指防止動物傷害、擁擠踩踏、雨雪風(fēng)暴和高空墜物等問題。
健康安全指食品衛(wèi)生、科學(xué)飲食、疾病防治等,具體包括近視(肥胖)的預(yù)防、急救的常識、飲食的衛(wèi)生、吸煙的危害、情緒的變化,以及對“綠色食品”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的認(rèn)識等內(nèi)容。
家庭安全主要指人們?nèi)粘I钪袘?yīng)該注意的具體事宜,如用水(電)安全、防盜防騙和避免電話騷擾等內(nèi)容。
When it comes to the______security(安全),we have to take it seriously.Nearly every day,there are reports that______.(描述具體現(xiàn)象)In such cases,what measures should be taken to improve the______security?
On the one hand,we students should strengthen our security awareness(意識).Once we______,we should______.(提出建議一)On the other hand,more______should be______so as to______.Besides,a proper amount of security______should be arranged.(提出建議二)
I am firmly convinced(堅(jiān)信)that through our combined efforts(綜合能力)we are bound to enjoy more______in the days ahead.(提出期望)
假定你是王偉,你的英國筆友David來信詢問你們學(xué)校在暑假期間對學(xué)生的安全要求。請你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn),給他回一封電子郵件。
●家庭安全:小心用火、用電,外出時(shí)關(guān)好門、窗;
●游泳安全:不獨(dú)自去河、湖里游泳;
●交通安全:過馬路要當(dāng)心,不在馬路上玩耍。
提示詞:electricity(電)
注意:
1.不要逐句翻譯提示要點(diǎn),細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;
2.詞數(shù)80~100(郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。
Dear David,
Glad to receive your e-mail._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Have a good summer holiday!
Yours,
Wang Wei
【試題解讀】
該書面表達(dá)為應(yīng)用文體裁的文章。要求考生聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,通過電子郵件的形式來談?wù)摷倨诘陌踩珕栴}。該話題涉及的內(nèi)容屬于學(xué)生生活的一部分,這會使每個(gè)考生都會有話可說,容易得分。提示要點(diǎn)為必寫內(nèi)容,對學(xué)生的假期生活具有指導(dǎo)意義。除此之外,要求考生在結(jié)合實(shí)際的前提下,適當(dāng)展開某些細(xì)節(jié)。雖然該話題為大家所熟悉,但有考生自主發(fā)揮的余地(尤其是句式的運(yùn)用),所以將會拉開得分的差距。
要點(diǎn)拓展:
1.在家要注意用火、用電的安全,外出之前要關(guān)好門、窗;
2.不要單獨(dú)去游泳,也不去河里或湖里游泳;
3.過馬路時(shí)要遵守交通規(guī)則,不要在馬路上玩耍。
注意事項(xiàng):
1.應(yīng)該是筆者轉(zhuǎn)述校方的要求,而不是校方對學(xué)生直接做出要求;
2.語言表達(dá)要簡單明了,但句式可以適當(dāng)變化;
3.注意文章的條理性和邏輯性。
【佳作賞析】Dear David,
Glad_ to_ receive_ your e-m__ail.Our school has made many safety rules for us to follow.Let me tell you something about them.
①First,our school warns us to be careful at home,especially when we use fire or electricity.Besides,②when we are going out,we can't forget to close the doors and windows.The next is about swimming.Every year,many teenagers die of swimming.Therefore,③we're required not to go swimming alone,especially in deep rivers or lakes.Of course,④traffic safety mustn't be forgotten.We are supposed to always pay attention to the traffic on the road.⑤Playing in the street isn't allowed.
I think these rules are necessary as safety comes first.
Have a good summer holiday!
Yours,
Wang Wei
亮點(diǎn)分析:
文章涵蓋了題目的所有要點(diǎn)與要求,用詞樸實(shí)無華,但又富于變化。以first,besides等詞連貫全文,使文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰明了。warn sb.to do sth.,die of,required sb.to do sth.,traffic safety,be supposed to,pay attention to等短語和固定搭配的正確運(yùn)用,彰顯了作者扎實(shí)的語言功底;被動語態(tài)的巧妙運(yùn)用,表明了“學(xué)生被要求”的特定含義,恰當(dāng)?shù)伢w現(xiàn)了命題者的意圖。由此可見,這的確是一篇成功的考場佳作。具體分析如下:
①以our school作主語,凸顯了學(xué)校對學(xué)生的要求。由此說明作者能認(rèn)真審題,注重細(xì)節(jié)。
②用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按照計(jì)劃要做的事情,這不難看出作者對時(shí)態(tài)掌握得非常嫻熟。
③雖然與該段第一句表達(dá)的意思相同,但用了不同的表達(dá)句式。豐富的詞匯量支撐著小作者深厚的語言功底。
④含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài),與前面的各項(xiàng)要求在表達(dá)上使用了不同的句式,這增添了文章的可讀性和趣味性。
⑤此句以動名詞作主語,句式變化多樣,表達(dá)自然。
【參考范文】
Dear David,
Glad_ to_ receive_ your e-m__ail.Our school has made many safety rules for us to follow.Let me tell you something about them.
We are asked to be careful with electricity when we are using it.It is dangerous to play with fire,for it may cause terrible accidents.We should make sure doors and windows are shut before we leave.Besides,we are not allowed to swim alone,especially in deep rivers or lakes.If we really want to,we must go to the swimming pool with our parents or teachers.What's more,following the traffic rules is also very important.Everyone should watch out when crossing the road.And our school warns us not to play on the road.
I think these rules are necessary as safety comes first.
Have a good summer holiday!
Yours,
Wang Wei
暑假即將來臨,許多學(xué)生喜歡下河游泳。為預(yù)防游泳溺水事故的發(fā)生,你們班將舉行以“珍愛生命,預(yù)防溺水”為主題的班會。請你用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿,談?wù)勀銓Π踩斡镜慕ㄗh。
內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):不要到陌生的河流、湖泊游泳;不允許擅自或未經(jīng)允許去游泳;如果不會游泳不要下水救人……
具體要求:
1.語言通順,意思連貫,符合邏輯。
2.內(nèi)容可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。
3.詞數(shù)90左右。
參考詞匯:alone單獨(dú)的,without permission未經(jīng)許可,allow允許,ask for help尋求幫助,cherish珍愛___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【試題解讀】
本文為提綱式說明文體裁。題目要求考生根據(jù)要點(diǎn)提示寫一篇發(fā)言稿,談?wù)勛约簩κ钇诎踩斡镜慕ㄗh。題目對建議內(nèi)容已做出了相關(guān)提示,因此文章的正文部分可包括三個(gè)要點(diǎn),即不要到陌生的河流、湖泊游泳(Don't go swimming in strange rivers or lakes.);不允許獨(dú)自一個(gè)人或者未經(jīng)允許游泳(Don't go swimming alone or without permission.);不會游泳不要下水救人……(Don't get into the water if you can't swim.)。在寫作時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文的需要適當(dāng)加入一些過渡句式以使文章更加連貫。
要點(diǎn)拓展:
1.不要到陌生的河流湖泊游泳;
2.不允許獨(dú)自或未經(jīng)允許游泳;
3.不會游泳不要下水救人。
注意事項(xiàng):
1.寫作時(shí)應(yīng)該包括要點(diǎn)提示的所有內(nèi)容,不能遺漏要點(diǎn);
2.文章內(nèi)容主要是對安全游泳的建議,故應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和第二人稱為主;
3.適當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確地使用過渡詞語和過渡句,以使文章連貫自然。
【佳作賞析】
Going swimming safely
①With the summer holiday approaching,many students prefer to go swimming in rivers and lakes because it is cool.However,we must pay attention to our safety while going there.To begin with,you should never go to swim in strange rivers or lakes.In addition,②you are not permitted to go swimming alone.③At no time can you go swimming without telling your parents.④More importantly,you mustn't go into the water to save a drowned person if you can't swim.
⑤In a word,life is so precious for us that we must cherish it.
亮點(diǎn)分析:
本文條理清晰,語言地道,內(nèi)容中肯。作者巧妙地運(yùn)用了過渡詞語,使文章有條不紊地呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前。被動語態(tài)、倒裝句式和復(fù)合句等高級句式的運(yùn)用,彰顯了作者靈活運(yùn)用語言的能力。文章結(jié)尾觀點(diǎn)鮮明,富有說服力。因此,本文堪稱是一篇非常不錯(cuò)的臨場作文。現(xiàn)具體分析如下:
①with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的正確選用,顯示了作者對英語詞匯的熟練運(yùn)用程度。
②被動語態(tài)的使用,避免了句式單一的弊端。
③這是部分倒裝句式,此句選用這一高級結(jié)構(gòu)代替普通的狀語從句,用法規(guī)范,效果非凡。
④more importantly是固定詞組,意為“更重要的是”,為過渡性詞組,它的運(yùn)用使文章結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊、連貫、自然。
⑤in a word意為“用一句話來說”或“總之”,起到承上啟下的作用。此外,so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的合理運(yùn)用也增添了文章的色彩。
【參考范文】
Going swimming safely
The summer vacation is coming.Many students like going swimming in rivers and lakes.But how to swim safely?Here is my advice:Don't swim in strange rivers or lakes.We shouldn't go swimming alone.We can't swim with other students without permission.We are not allowed to swim without a parent.If we can't swim,we mustn't get into the water to save a person.Sometimes it is dangerous for students to swim.
We live only once,so we must cherish life.
學(xué)會自我保護(hù)是青少年需要具備的一種意識和能力。請根據(jù)以下提示,并結(jié)合自己的觀點(diǎn),以“How can we protect ourselves?”為題,寫一篇不少于80詞的英語短文,談?wù)勗谏钪星嗌倌陸?yīng)該怎樣進(jìn)行自我保護(hù)(self-protection)。
提示:1.never swim alone;
2.be careful to make friends;
3.call the police when you are in danger;
4.eat healthy food;
5.don't crowd(go upstairs and downstairs)
要求:結(jié)構(gòu)合理,要點(diǎn)齊全,行文流暢。
How can we protect ourselves?