戚永曄

地處浙江一隅的衢州，自古以來就是“三省通衢”。浙閩贛三省交界的文化沖擊，除了醞釀出多姿多彩的民俗之外，也讓這里的農(nóng)村充滿了魅力。在鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略如火如荼推進之時，衢州的鄉(xiāng)村自然也不會落后。

這次，我從衢州出發(fā)一路南行，來到了此行的目的地，距離江山市區(qū)只有十公里的地方，被譽為衢州最美鄉(xiāng)村的大陳鄉(xiāng)大陳村。

清潔家園，蛻變從笤帚起步

大陳村是有著600多年歷史的古村落。村莊四面環(huán)山，民國時期文化名人余紹宋曾以“環(huán)山十里皆松樹，天下應無第二園”的詩句來贊美她。

但很少有人知道，僅僅十幾年前，這里曾經(jīng)是個臟、亂、差的“三不管”地帶。

大陳村黨支部書記汪衍君回憶過往，感慨萬千。他說：“2005年我赴任大陳村，當時，這里是本地的‘落后村，村內(nèi)眾多古建筑年久失修、破損嚴重，村民亂搭亂建，生活垃圾亂扔、污水亂排……”

原因很簡單，當時的江山，已經(jīng)有廿八都古鎮(zhèn)、江郎山、清漾景區(qū)等等著名景點。而大陳作為一個普普通通的鄉(xiāng)村，在眾多久負盛名的景點中并不起眼。再加上地理原因，這里一直沒形成獨特的產(chǎn)業(yè)，所以經(jīng)濟貧困，基建和衛(wèi)生落后，是個江山當?shù)嘏⒆蛹奕硕疾辉敢饧捱^去的地方。

當?shù)匕傩詹辉敢饪吹竭@種情況繼續(xù)下去，所以，從2006年起，大陳村開始了為期十年的蛻變。

和其他農(nóng)村一改造就大刀闊斧不同，大陳村的變化，可以用“潤物細無聲”來形容。汪衍君開玩笑說，“蛻變從一把笤帚起步”。

當時，大陳村村委會提出了“清潔家園”的口號，鼓勵村民拿起笤帚打掃家園，由干部帶頭、黨員接力，發(fā)動全村村民自覺跟著清掃。不到一年的時間，垃圾亂扔、亂搭亂建、污水亂排的現(xiàn)象得到了很大改觀。2006年，大陳被評為衢州市“衛(wèi)生清潔村”。

這個本來在江山都排不上號的村落，居然在地級市里被評為先進，這極大地鼓舞了大陳百姓的信心，也讓大家有了“做得更好”的打算。

正巧，一年多后，位于浙江省另一頭的安吉縣正式提出“中國美麗鄉(xiāng)村”計劃，出臺《安吉縣建設“中國美麗鄉(xiāng)村”行動綱要》，為社會主義新農(nóng)村建設探索出了一條創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展道路，成為中國新農(nóng)村建設的鮮活樣本。

消息傳到大陳，大家紛紛討論“我們的自然資源、旅游資源也不差，為什么不能更進一步，成為浙江省、乃至全國的新農(nóng)村建設標桿呢？”

2010年，江山市提出了創(chuàng)建“中國幸福鄉(xiāng)村”的構想，而大陳村，正是其中的佼佼者。

舊貌新顏，成了國家級景區(qū)村

很快，大陳村就定下了“建設江山城北大花園”的目標，開始挖掘旅游資源。

之后的幾年里，大陳村大張旗鼓地開展了環(huán)境整治與古村保護行動，大力發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村休閑旅游?！半m然江山市的旅游景點很豐富，但當時大多以旅游觀光為主，很少有以休閑為特色的內(nèi)容?！苯绞新糜尉忠晃还ぷ魅藛T表示，大陳村正是看到了這個市場空缺，一門心思地修繕古村，恢復宗祠，古道沿線綠化美化，創(chuàng)建美麗庭院，打造精品高效農(nóng)業(yè)園區(qū)……

高端民宿、夜景燈光秀、休閑綠道等一系列設施陸續(xù)完備，古村舊貌換新顏。以清代建筑為主的古村落得到保護開發(fā)，規(guī)劃梳理了古民宅、古祠堂、古戲臺等古跡111處，省級文物保護單位2處，市級文物保護單位19處，文物點59個。其中以大陳汪氏宗祠、汪漢滔舊宅為主的一批古建筑，充分展示了大陳汪氏文化的魅力。加上青石鋪綴、曲徑通幽、白墻黛瓦與精品高效的現(xiàn)代化設施，大陳村作為一個既有古典韻味、又有時代風尚的特色風情小鎮(zhèn)已初具雛形，吸引了一波波游人前來參觀。

筑巢引得金鳳來。隨著旅游項目的日漸成熟，國家旅游局正式為大陳村授牌：“國家3A級景區(qū)村”。

更讓人激動的是，2014年，中央電視臺發(fā)布了由國家農(nóng)業(yè)部、環(huán)保部、住建部、水利部、新聞出版廣電總局、林業(yè)局、旅游局等單位共同評選，以“傳播生態(tài)文明，建設美麗中國”為宗旨，以“自然生態(tài)美、生活幸福美、文化和諧美和創(chuàng)新引領美”為評選標準的“中國十大最美鄉(xiāng)村”。大陳村因“保留鮮明的農(nóng)耕時代村落的特征，通過建筑文化、孝道文化、村歌文化，彰顯歷史文化名村的魅力”，成功入選“中國十大最美鄉(xiāng)村”。

這是浙江省唯一一個入選的鄉(xiāng)村。在眾多“美麗鄉(xiāng)村”先行者中，大陳村后來居上，脫穎而出。這個光榮的稱呼，從此成了大陳村人的驕傲。

走進央視，唱著那碗大陳面

大陳村的村歌廣場，是給我留下深刻印象的一個地方。作為一個旅游休閑目的地，大陳村最核心的競爭力，就是“文化”二字，而村歌，正是當?shù)匚幕罴械囊粋€體現(xiàn)。

2008年，大陳村村歌《媽媽的那碗大陳面》問世，講述了大陳游子回鄉(xiāng)，吃著媽媽親手燒的面條的故事。很快，這首村歌成了全村膾炙人口的歌曲。

幾年后，汪衍君唱著《媽媽的那碗大陳面》走進了央視，走進全國村歌大賽演唱會，最終站上了最高領獎臺，成了“中國村歌和諧之星”。伴隨著他深情、悠揚的歌聲，《媽媽的那碗大陳面》也從2800多首村歌中脫穎而出，成為“中國村歌十大金曲”之一。隨后，大陳村被授予“中國村歌發(fā)祥地”。

《媽媽的那碗大陳面》一炮走紅，引發(fā)了整個衢州創(chuàng)唱村歌的熱情。

村歌廣場，正是在這種背景下建立起來的。

汪衍君說，大陳村文化底蘊深厚，全村一直在用文化引領民風。美麗鄉(xiāng)村建設的主體是村民，通過文化能夠增強村民的認同感和歸屬感，能更好地發(fā)揮大家的主觀能動性，參與到鄉(xiāng)村建設中來。

除了村歌，大陳村還發(fā)掘各色各樣的文化形式，“大陳麻糍文化節(jié)”已成為一個品牌，楊梅采摘、荷花觀賞、大陳面制作等農(nóng)旅結合產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展，接下來，大陳村還將打造村歌婚慶等品牌，將美麗鄉(xiāng)村建設與鄉(xiāng)村休閑游更深度地融合，做精做透“美麗鄉(xiāng)村+旅游”這篇文章，將美麗鄉(xiāng)村轉化為美麗經(jīng)濟，讓村民享受到更多的紅利。

如當時一位省領導在考察大陳村時所說：“美麗鄉(xiāng)村建設中，不僅要滿足村民的物質(zhì)需求，更要結合文化建設，注重村民的精神需求，不斷豐富精神生活，實實在在地提升老百姓的生活質(zhì)量和幸福指數(shù)。”

大陳村，正是這樣一個文化振興鄉(xiāng)村的范例。

Dachen is a village about 10 kilometers from Jiangshan， a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Quzhou in southwestern Zhejiang Province. With a history of 600 years， the village used to be praised for its scenic beauty. In the early 20th century， a poet lauded the village as the most beautiful garden-like village in the world， surrounded by pine woods in the mountains.

However， things in the village deteriorated over a period of several decades. Only about ten plus years ago， it was still infamous for a bad reputation for being dirty， messy and disorganized.

Wang Yanjun recalls his arrival at Dachen to start work as the party secretary of the village in 2005. The ancient houses in the village were in disrepair and many were woefully damaged. Moreover， there was an ugly mess of illegal buildings. Household rubbish and sewage discharge were a nightmare. Young woman from other parts of the city shuddered to imagine a married life in such a village.

The residents were eager to stop being dirty， messy and disorganized. They hated such an inferior life. In 2006， the village started a ten-year project to clean itself up. All the changes started with a bloom， Wang joked. The village pitched in. Leaders and party members led the clean-up movement. Within a year， Dachen transformed itself into a tidy， clean and orderly village. In 2006， Dachen became a city-level model village of sanitation and cleanness.

The residents felt proud. They started looking around and wondered what else they could do to further improve. In 2008， Anji County in the north of Zhejiang started a project to build beautiful countryside. After learning about the project， residents in Dachen wanted to copy the successful practice. “We have rich natural resources and tourism resources and there is no reason why we cant become a model for building beautiful countryside” They wondered.

The village planned objectively and realistically. Jiangshan has a lot of sightseeing attractions such as places of historical and cultural interests， but back then， but there were few attractions for tourists to unwind themselves and enjoy rural amenities. Dachen saw the niche market and grabbed the opportunity. In the following years， Dachen restored its ancient buildings such as a clan temple， a theater， and many residential houses. Of these ancient sites， 2 are now listed as cultural relics under the protection of the provincial government， 19 as cultural relics under the protection of the city government， and 59 as sites of cultural relics.

In 2014， Dachen was selected as Chinas top ten most beautiful villages. The selection was jointly sponsored by six ministries of the central government and the result was announced at CCTV， the countrys largest television network. Dachen was chosen for maintaining distinct features of a village in the agricultural time， displaying physical charms through ancient architecture， and upholding village virtues and culture by means of taking care of the old people and singing the village song. Dachen was the only village picked that year in Zhejiang Province.

is the title of the village song of Dachen. It was composed in 2008. The song enjoyed popularity with the villagers. In 2009， Wang Yanjun sang the song at a CCTV program featuring the first national competition for village songs. That year， over 2，800 village songs took part in the competition. The village song of Dachen was one of the top ten.