劉云翔 姚文斌
摘 ?要: 為了解決企業(yè)生產(chǎn)出現(xiàn)設(shè)備故障時(shí),報(bào)修困難,維修不便,定位不準(zhǔn)和缺少知識(shí)庫(kù)智能判斷的問(wèn)題,提出一種智能工業(yè)設(shè)備報(bào)修方法及系統(tǒng)。其方法是通過(guò)機(jī)臺(tái)系統(tǒng)、廣播系統(tǒng)、設(shè)備亮燈和監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)起報(bào)修,根據(jù)電子信息、語(yǔ)音信息、設(shè)備信號(hào)和監(jiān)控信息生成報(bào)修流程,通過(guò)知識(shí)庫(kù)的智能判斷,快速定位解決問(wèn)題。實(shí)現(xiàn)了企業(yè)設(shè)備快速高效維修,并形成一個(gè)以信息流,語(yǔ)音流,信號(hào)流融為一體的智能報(bào)修平臺(tái)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 設(shè)備故障; 設(shè)備報(bào)修; 監(jiān)控系統(tǒng); 知識(shí)庫(kù); 報(bào)修流程; 智能判斷
中圖分類號(hào): TN915?34; TP277 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號(hào): 1004?373X(2018)10?0157?04
Abstract: A method and system of intelligent industrial equipment repair request is proposed to solve the problems of repair request difficulty, inconvenient maintenance, inaccurate positioning, and lack of intelligent judgment of knowledge base when equipment failure occurs in enterprise production. The repair request is initiated via machine platform system, broadcasting system, lighting equipment and monitoring system. The process of repair request is generated according to electronic information, voice information, equipment signals, and monitoring information. The problems are rapidly located and resolved by means of intelligent judgment of knowledge base. The rapid and high?efficient enterprise equipment maintenance is achieved, and an intelligent repair request platform with integration of information flow, voice flow, and signal flow is formed.
Keywords: equipment failure; equipment repair request; monitoring system; knowledge base; repair request process; intelligent judgment
隨著科技的發(fā)展,自動(dòng)化技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為企業(yè)的生命線。伴隨著企業(yè)自動(dòng)化、大量的設(shè)備增加,設(shè)備故障出現(xiàn)設(shè)備報(bào)修的次數(shù)日益劇增,且設(shè)備報(bào)修困難、報(bào)修過(guò)程繁瑣、報(bào)修等待時(shí)間長(zhǎng),及設(shè)備維修不便、設(shè)備定位[1]不準(zhǔn)和缺少知識(shí)庫(kù)智能判斷的問(wèn)題。智能設(shè)備報(bào)修系統(tǒng)[2?3]采用自動(dòng)觸發(fā)報(bào)修或者手動(dòng)觸發(fā)報(bào)修的方式發(fā)起報(bào)修,機(jī)修根據(jù)報(bào)修流程完成報(bào)修,匯入知識(shí)庫(kù)[4]。
目前工業(yè)設(shè)備報(bào)修分線上和線下。線下報(bào)修需要用戶填寫(xiě)紙質(zhì)報(bào)修單,經(jīng)過(guò)各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)主管簽字確認(rèn)后進(jìn)行維修;線上報(bào)修就是利用ERP系統(tǒng)開(kāi)報(bào)修單后維修。這兩種報(bào)修都存在報(bào)修流程繁瑣,報(bào)修等待時(shí)間長(zhǎng),維修方案不能共享的問(wèn)題。
2.1 ?報(bào)修方法及系統(tǒng)解決方案
一種智能工業(yè)設(shè)備報(bào)修方法及系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖如圖1所示。
2.1.1 ?機(jī)臺(tái)系統(tǒng)報(bào)修[5]
機(jī)臺(tái)設(shè)備發(fā)生故障時(shí),操作工手工點(diǎn)擊“設(shè)備報(bào)修”按鈕,系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)獲取報(bào)修機(jī)器編號(hào),地址和報(bào)修人,選擇故障大類,并填寫(xiě)故障現(xiàn)象后,提交發(fā)送報(bào)修信息給中心數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),如圖2所示。
2.1.2 ?廣播系統(tǒng)報(bào)修
廣播系統(tǒng)報(bào)修[6]用于偏遠(yuǎn)產(chǎn)區(qū)沒(méi)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)或機(jī)臺(tái)系統(tǒng)支持的設(shè)備發(fā)生故障時(shí),操作工通過(guò)廠區(qū)廣播系統(tǒng)發(fā)起報(bào)修。所描述廣播系統(tǒng)報(bào)修包括:語(yǔ)音錄制(廣播自帶)?語(yǔ)音發(fā)送?語(yǔ)音接收?語(yǔ)音解析?信息錄入中心數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),如圖3所示。
2.1.3 ?設(shè)備亮燈報(bào)修
設(shè)備亮燈報(bào)修[7]用于在設(shè)備發(fā)生故障時(shí)通過(guò)拍停設(shè)備亮燈按鈕發(fā)起報(bào)修。
所述的設(shè)備亮燈報(bào)修系統(tǒng)包括:一個(gè)客戶端(設(shè)備自帶開(kāi)關(guān))、一個(gè)信號(hào)輸入設(shè)備、一個(gè)信號(hào)輸出設(shè)備、一個(gè)信號(hào)客端(設(shè)備自帶紅綠燈),如圖4所示。設(shè)備發(fā)生故障時(shí),按下紅色亮燈按鈕,該信號(hào)通過(guò)RS 232串口與輸入端設(shè)備連接,輸入端將信息寫(xiě)入中心數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù);同時(shí)輸出設(shè)備通過(guò)RS 232串口將信息輸出到信號(hào)客端,紅燈亮起。
2.1.4 ?監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)報(bào)修
監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)報(bào)修[8]用于在惡劣環(huán)境,如高溫或極低溫,或化工環(huán)境設(shè)備發(fā)生故障時(shí)通過(guò)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)報(bào)修。該描述包括設(shè)備網(wǎng)絡(luò)IP地址,監(jiān)控參數(shù)閾值設(shè)置模塊和監(jiān)控模塊。每秒對(duì)設(shè)備監(jiān)控參數(shù)采集,當(dāng)監(jiān)控參數(shù)值大于閾值時(shí),報(bào)警并將參數(shù)值寫(xiě)入中心數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),如圖5所示。
2.1.5 ?知識(shí)庫(kù)
知識(shí)庫(kù)用于存儲(chǔ)報(bào)修信息與維修成功案例推送。用于把未完成的報(bào)修通過(guò)手持終端手機(jī)、PDA、機(jī)臺(tái)系統(tǒng)、LED看板顯示出來(lái),記錄和管理報(bào)修問(wèn)題[9]。
2.2 ?一種智能工業(yè)設(shè)備報(bào)修方法
設(shè)備報(bào)修實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟流程如圖6所示。
1) 設(shè)備報(bào)修,通過(guò)設(shè)機(jī)臺(tái)系統(tǒng)[10]、廣播系統(tǒng)[11]、設(shè)備亮燈[12?13]、監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)[14]發(fā)起報(bào)修;
2) 報(bào)修流程,根據(jù)步驟1)中提交報(bào)修信息生成報(bào)修流程;
3) 設(shè)備維修,機(jī)修人員根據(jù)步驟2)中報(bào)修流程進(jìn)行設(shè)備維修;
4) 知識(shí)歸檔,設(shè)備管理員對(duì)步驟3)維修方案記錄并確認(rèn)歸檔。
2.3 ?報(bào)修方法及系統(tǒng)具有的有益效果
1) 采用多種途徑、多路徑的報(bào)修方案,解決報(bào)修過(guò)程繁瑣,報(bào)修不及時(shí)等問(wèn)題;
2) 采用流程控制,實(shí)現(xiàn)報(bào)修進(jìn)度的跟蹤與追溯;
3) 采用知識(shí)庫(kù)管理,為報(bào)修提供最快最直接的方案指導(dǎo)。
3.1 ?設(shè)備報(bào)修
該報(bào)修系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)是根據(jù)上海延鋒汽車(chē)實(shí)際設(shè)備報(bào)修業(yè)務(wù),從機(jī)臺(tái)系統(tǒng)報(bào)修、廣播系統(tǒng)報(bào)修、設(shè)備亮燈報(bào)修和監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)報(bào)修4方面闡述報(bào)修系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程。報(bào)修業(yè)務(wù)流程如圖7所示。
接收到報(bào)修流程,一線員工確認(rèn)是否維修。如果不維修,選擇非設(shè)備故障原因關(guān)閉流程;如果需要維修,則提交流程系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)接維修工程師對(duì)設(shè)備進(jìn)行維修,并記錄設(shè)備故障原因及解決方案。完成后由設(shè)備工程師確認(rèn)關(guān)閉報(bào)修。
3.2 ?知識(shí)庫(kù)
知識(shí)庫(kù)[15]主要是存儲(chǔ)和共享。存儲(chǔ)主要存儲(chǔ)報(bào)修流程信息流、語(yǔ)音信息、監(jiān)控信息。共享是指案例查詢和推送,通過(guò)模糊描述查詢知識(shí)庫(kù)獲得成功解決方案[16]。
設(shè)備故障是制造企業(yè)停線的主要因素,設(shè)備報(bào)修系統(tǒng)在制造企業(yè)起到重要的角色。通過(guò)智能工業(yè)設(shè)備報(bào)修方法及系統(tǒng)快些完成設(shè)備報(bào)修,并且通過(guò)電子信息流程跟蹤問(wèn)題解決,最終通過(guò)知識(shí)庫(kù)實(shí)現(xiàn)維修方案的知識(shí)共享,大大提高了設(shè)備維修率,將企業(yè)的停線時(shí)間減少到最少,實(shí)現(xiàn)了企業(yè)降本增效。
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