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船舶機(jī)艙油氣延伸報(bào)警輔助系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)

2018-01-05 10:02李衛(wèi)強(qiáng)曹輝
關(guān)鍵詞:油泵機(jī)艙油氣

李衛(wèi)強(qiáng)+曹輝

DOI:10.13340/j.jsmu.2017.03.014

文章編號(hào):1672-9498(2017)03007906

摘要:為對(duì)機(jī)艙設(shè)備的油氣濃度進(jìn)行獨(dú)立、有效的監(jiān)視,根據(jù)機(jī)艙設(shè)備的油氣濃度在船舶航行過程以及靠離港時(shí)的變化特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)一種船舶機(jī)艙油氣報(bào)警輔助系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)由布置在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的MQ2傳感器、STM32處理器、單片網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口芯片W5100以及315 MHz無線模塊SR9915等組成。下位機(jī)STM32處理器接收現(xiàn)場(chǎng)油氣濃度數(shù)據(jù),該數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)解析、封裝和傳輸后,通過315 MHz無線模塊SR9915發(fā)送到手持人機(jī)交互界面,對(duì)機(jī)艙油氣濃度進(jìn)行隨時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)。系統(tǒng)能對(duì)不同處所、不同設(shè)備的油氣濃度進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)顯示與輔助報(bào)警。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)性強(qiáng)、響應(yīng)迅速、界面顯示清晰,能夠準(zhǔn)確地獲得機(jī)艙內(nèi)油氣的濃度。

關(guān)鍵詞:

船舶機(jī)艙; 數(shù)據(jù)采集; 無線傳輸; 手持設(shè)備; 延伸報(bào)警

中圖分類號(hào):

U664.88;TN919.3;TP274.2

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

Design and implementation of combustible gas extension alarm

auxiliary system of marine engine room

LI Weiqiang, CAO Hui

(Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China)

Abstract:

In order to monitor combustible gas concentration independently and effectively in the marine engine room, according to the variation characteristics of the combustible gas concentration during ship sailing, berthing and unberthing, the combustible gas alarm auxiliary system of the marine engine room is designed. The system consists of MQ2 sensors arranged in the scene, the slave computer STM32 processor, the monolithic network interface chip W5100, and the 315 MHz wireless module SR9915. The slave computer STM32 processor receives the concentration data. The data are parsed, packaged and transmitted. For monitoring the concentration at any time, the data are sent to the humancomputer interaction interface through the 315 MHz wireless module SR9915. The system can carry out realtime display and auxiliary alarm to the combustible gas concentration of different equipments at different locations. Experimental results show that: the system is of good realtime, fast response and clear interface display; it can accurately obtain the concentration of combustible gas in the marine engine room

Key words:

marine engine room; data acquisition; wireless transmission; handheld device; extension alarm

0引言

在貨油泵艙內(nèi)的任何操作都會(huì)導(dǎo)致氣液兩相間發(fā)生相互轉(zhuǎn)換現(xiàn)象,所要駁運(yùn)油的品類、液貨油的溫度、艙內(nèi)壓力和油液位變化速率等都會(huì)影響新的氣液平衡,進(jìn)而使貨油泵艙內(nèi)油氣濃度發(fā)生變化。資料顯示,油氣濃度、艙內(nèi)初始溫度等對(duì)貨油泵艙油氣混合物爆炸有重要影響,且存在臨界油氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)(2.5%)及臨界初始溫度(306 K),在臨界值時(shí)油氣爆炸最為劇烈

。[1]MOON等[2]給出了自動(dòng)化機(jī)艙延伸報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu),對(duì)設(shè)備參數(shù)的監(jiān)控與報(bào)警延伸到輪機(jī)員住所、駕控臺(tái)、輪機(jī)長(zhǎng)房間以及重要的公共場(chǎng)合。目前船舶安全管理中,對(duì)機(jī)艙主機(jī)掃氣箱、曲軸箱以及燃油艙油氣濃度的監(jiān)控,只能在固定場(chǎng)所內(nèi)通過安裝在集控室內(nèi)固定的控制面板完成。當(dāng)誤報(bào)警發(fā)生時(shí),輪機(jī)員必須在集控室內(nèi)完成消除報(bào)警操作,以使系統(tǒng)繼續(xù)運(yùn)行,否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致主機(jī)停車,甚至發(fā)生交互控制系統(tǒng)癱瘓等事故。現(xiàn)有船舶弱電控制均采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)布線對(duì)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行控制,隨著監(jiān)控節(jié)點(diǎn)的增多,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)布線數(shù)量也隨之增加,這必然導(dǎo)致成本增加以及維護(hù)不便。隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息技術(shù)以及控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展,智能移動(dòng)設(shè)備在工業(yè)控制、安防監(jiān)控等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用漸漸成熟。[3]現(xiàn)有的機(jī)艙油氣濃度檢測(cè)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)無線測(cè)量,但可以通過手持的智能數(shù)據(jù)顯示設(shè)備(作為機(jī)艙管理的輔助裝置)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)貨油泵艙原油、燃油、輕油等油氣濃度以及掃氣箱、曲軸箱、大艙、船員生活區(qū)、廚房等的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,最大限度地加強(qiáng)船舶的安全管理。endprint

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