Waterside Buddist Shrine 水岸佛堂

項目地址：河北，唐山

項目類型：宗教建筑

用地面積：約500平米

建筑面積：169平米

設(shè)計時間：2015.04—2015.08

施工時間：2015.10—2017.01

建筑師：韓文強、姜兆、李曉明

設(shè)計公司：建筑營設(shè)計工作室

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計：張富華

水電設(shè)計：鄭寶偉

撰文：韓文強

攝影師：王寧、金偉琦

Location: Tangshan, Hebei, China

Project Type: Religious Building

Land Area: about 500 m2

Building Area: 169m2

Design Time: 2015.04—2015.08

Construction Time: 2015.10—2017.01

Architectural Design: Han Wenqiang, Jiang Zhao, Li Xiaoming

Design Company: ARCHSTUDIO

Structural Design: Zhang Fuhua

Water-electricity Design: Zheng Baowei

Author: Han Wen-Qiang

Photographer: Wang Ning, Jin Weiqi

這是一個供人參佛、靜思、冥想的場所，同時也可以滿足個人的生活起居。建筑的選址在一條河畔的樹林下。這里沿著河面有一塊土丘，背后是廣闊的田野和零星的蔬菜大棚。設(shè)計從建筑與自然的關(guān)聯(lián)入手，利用覆土的方式讓建筑隱于土丘之下并以流動的內(nèi)部空間彰顯出自然的神性氣質(zhì)，塑造樹、水、佛、人共存的具有感受力的場所。

This is a place for Buddhist mediation, thinking and contemplation, as well as a place satisfying the needs of daily life. The building is located in the forest by the riverside. Along the river, here is a mound, behind which is a great stretch of open fi eld and sporadic vegetable greenhouses. The design started from the connection between the building and nature, adopts the method of earthing to hide the building under the earth mound while presenting the divine temperament of nature with flowing interior space. A place with power of perception where trees, water, Buddha and human coexist is thus created.

為了將河畔樹木完好的保留下來，建筑平面小心翼翼的避開所有的樹干位置，它的形狀也像分叉的樹枝一樣伸展在原有樹林之下。依靠南北與沿河面的兩條軸線，建筑內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生出五個分隔而又連續(xù)一體的空間。五個“分叉”代表了出入、參佛、飲茶、起居、衛(wèi)浴五種不同的空間，共同構(gòu)成漫步式的行為體驗。建筑始終與樹和自然景觀保持著親密關(guān)系。出入口正對著兩棵樹，人從樹下經(jīng)由一條狹窄的通道緩緩的走入建筑之內(nèi)；佛龕背墻面水，天光與樹影通過佛龕頂部的天窗沿著弧形墻面柔和的灑入室內(nèi)，渲染佛祖的光輝；茶室向遍植荷花的水面完全開敞，幾棵樹分居左右成為庭院的一部分，創(chuàng)造品茶與觀景的樂趣；休息室與建筑其他部分由一個竹庭院分隔，讓起居活動伴隨著一天時光的變化。建筑物整體覆土成為土地的延伸，成為樹蔭之下一座可以被使用的“山丘”。

To remain trees along the river perfectly intact, the building plan avoids all trunks. Shape of the plan lookslike branches extending under the existing forest. Five separated and continuous spaces are created within the building by two axis, among which one is north-south going and another one goes along the river. The fi ve “branches” represent fi ve spaces of di ff erent functions: entrance, Buddhist meditation room,tea room, living room and bathroom, which form a strolling-style experience together . The building remains close to trees and natural scenery. The entrance faces two trees; people need to walk into the building through a narrow path under the trees. The shrine is against the wall and facing the water, where the light and the shadow of the trees get through the skylight and fl ow into the interior space softly along the curved wall, exaggerating the light of Buddha. The tea room opens completely to the pool which is filled with lotus,and trees on both sides of the tea room has become part of the courtyard, creating a fun of tea tasting and sight-viewing. The lounge is separated from other parts of the building by a bamboo courtyard; such division enables daily life varies with di ff erent hours of a day. The whole building is covered with earth and becomes an extension of the land, as another “mound” which could be used under the trees.

與自然的關(guān)系進一步延伸至材料層面。建筑墻面與屋頂采用混凝土整體澆筑，一次成型。混凝土模板由3公分寬的松木條拼合而成，自然的木紋與豎向的線性肌理被刻印在室內(nèi)界面，讓冰冷的混凝土材料產(chǎn)生柔和、溫暖的感受。固定家具也是由木條板定制的，灰色的木質(zhì)紋理與混凝土墻產(chǎn)生一些微差。室內(nèi)地面采用光滑的水磨石材，表面有細(xì)細(xì)的石子紋路，將外界的自然景色映射進室內(nèi)。室外地面則由白色鵝卵石漿砌而成，內(nèi)與外產(chǎn)生觸感的變化。所有門窗均為實木門窗，以體現(xiàn)自然的材料質(zhì)感。禪宗講究順應(yīng)自然，并成為自然的一部分。這同樣也是這個空間設(shè)計的追求——利用空間、結(jié)構(gòu)、材料激發(fā)身體的感知，人與建筑都能在一個平常的鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)景之中重新發(fā)現(xiàn)自然的魅力，與自然共生。

The relationship with nature further extends to the use of materials. Integral concreting is used in walls and the roof of the building. The concrete formwork is pieced together with pine strips of 3cm width, in this way natural wood grain and vertical linear texture are impressed on the interior surface, creating a soft and warm feeling to the cold concrete materials. Built-in-furniture is custommade with wood strips, whose grey wood grain is a little bit di ff erent from the concrete walls. Smooth terrazzo is used for the interior fl oor, where there is thin grain of stone on the surface, and it maps the outdoor natural landscape into the interior space. Cement grouting with white pebbles is adopted in outdoor fl ooring, which creates a di ff erence in sense of touch between indoor and outdoor fl oor. To re fl ect natural texture of the materials, solid wood is used for all doors and windows. Zen stresses on complying with nature and being part of nature. That is also the goal of the design for this space—taking use of space, structure and material to stimulate human perception, thus helping man and building to fi nd the charm of nature even in an ordinary rural landscape, and to coexist with nature.

1. 原始場地 site

2. 軸線分析 axis

3. 功能劃分 function

4. 院落空間 courtyard

5. 混凝土頂板 concrete slab

6. 屋面覆土 green roof

剖面圖 section

東立面 east elevation