章幗瑛
[摘要]目的 觀察和探討手術(shù)室細節(jié)護理在確保手術(shù)室護理安全中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 選取2016年1~12月在我院進行手術(shù)治療的64例女性患者作為研究對象,隨機分為兩組,每組32例。觀察組采用手術(shù)細節(jié)護理,對照組采用常規(guī)護理,觀察對比兩組患者的護理質(zhì)量評分、護理人員形象與職業(yè)素養(yǎng)評分、術(shù)后護理綜合評分、護理滿意度以及術(shù)前術(shù)后SAS評分等。結(jié)果 觀察組的護理質(zhì)量評分(儀器設(shè)備管理、器械設(shè)備、護士配合等)均顯著優(yōu)于對照組患者,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。觀察組患者的手術(shù)時間短于對照組患者,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。觀察組的護理人員形象與職業(yè)素養(yǎng)、術(shù)后護理綜合評分及護理滿意度方面均顯著優(yōu)于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。兩組患者術(shù)前的SAS評分比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。術(shù)后1 d,觀察組患者的SAS評分顯著低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 手術(shù)室細節(jié)護理顯著提高了手術(shù)室的護理安全及護理質(zhì)量評分,提升了護理人員的形象與素養(yǎng),增強了患者的自信心,效果顯著,值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。
[關(guān)鍵詞]手術(shù)室細節(jié)護理;護理安全;效果
[中圖分類號] R472.3 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721(2017)09(b)-0195-03
The application effect of operating room detail nursing to ensure the safety of nursing in the operation room
ZHANG Guo-ying
The operating room,Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Yichun City,Jiangxi Province,Yichun 336000,China
[Abstract]Objective To observe and discuss the application effect of operating room detail nursing to ensure the safety of nursing in the operation room.Methods A total of 64 female patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January to December 2016 were selected as the study subjects,and patients were randomly divided into two groups,32 cases in each group.The observation group adopted operating room detail nursing,while the control group adopted conventional nursing method.The nursing quality scores,the image and occupation accomplishment of nursing staffs,postoperative nursing comprehensive score,nursing satisfaction and postoperative SAS score of the two groups were observed and compared.Results The nursing quality scores of observation group (equipment management,equipment,the nurses cooperate and etc) were significantly better than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The operation time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group,and the differences was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The image and occupation accomplishment of nursing staffs,postoperative nursing comprehensive score and nursing satisfaction of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The preoperative SAS scores were compared in the two groups,and the differences was not statistically significant (P>0.05).After 1 day of operation, the SAS scores in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion The operation room details nursing can significantly improve the safty of operation room nursing and nursing quality score,promote the image and occupation accomplishment of nursing staffs and strengthen the patients′ self-confidence.The efficacy is significant,so it is worthy of clinical application.endprint
[Key words]Operation room detail nursing;The safety of nursing;Effect
手術(shù)室的護理工作具有工作強度大、風(fēng)險高、復(fù)雜多變等特點。如護理不當,會造成患者的損傷或者機能損害。目前,常規(guī)護理方法已經(jīng)很難滿足手術(shù)室患者的需求。近些年來,細節(jié)護理被應(yīng)用于護理過程中。有文獻研究表明,細節(jié)護理可以降低護理風(fēng)險,提高護理質(zhì)量,但總體來講,此類研究的成果和詢證還是比較少的[1-3]。為了更好地積累循證護理證據(jù),進一步提高我院手術(shù)室的護理質(zhì)量,本研究分析了細節(jié)護理在提高手術(shù)室護理安全中的作用,現(xiàn)報道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2016年1~12月在我院進行手術(shù)治療的64例女性患者作為研究對象,隨機分為兩組,每組32例。觀察組患者年齡19~65歲,平均年齡(42.8±4.2)歲;剖宮產(chǎn)16例,婦科手術(shù)8例,腹部腔鏡手術(shù)8例。對照組患者年齡20~67歲,平均年齡(41.1±3.9)歲;剖宮產(chǎn)16例,婦科手術(shù)7例,腹部腔鏡手術(shù)9例。兩組一般資料比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究經(jīng)我院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會審核及同意,患者均知曉本研究情況并簽署知情同意書。
1.2護理方法
對照組患者行常規(guī)護理。常規(guī)無菌處理后,鋪巾,建立靜脈通道,擺好手術(shù)體位等。觀察組患者行手術(shù)室細節(jié)護理。①術(shù)前。依據(jù)患者的病情以及身體狀況,制定針對性的護理方案。護理人員以溫和的語氣、禮貌的態(tài)度向患者講解手術(shù)的必要性和手術(shù)過程,向患者家屬講解術(shù)中術(shù)后可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險以及手術(shù)獲益,讓患者及其家屬了解手術(shù)的優(yōu)勢。及時疏導(dǎo)患者的不良情緒,與患者及其家屬保持密切的溝通,降低患者的負面情緒。并提前告知患者術(shù)前1 d在飲食、生活上的注意事項,以免影響第2天手術(shù)的進行。并術(shù)前核查檢查手術(shù)器械是否缺失,是否經(jīng)過消毒滅菌,手術(shù)相關(guān)儀器和設(shè)備是否運轉(zhuǎn)正常。②術(shù)中?;颊哌M入手術(shù)室后,其緊張情緒增加,護理人員幫助患者熟悉手術(shù)室的設(shè)備、環(huán)境及參加手術(shù)的人員,使其心理處在平穩(wěn)的狀態(tài)。麻醉后,護理人員注意保護患者的隱私,幫助患者調(diào)整至合適體位,緩解其焦慮情緒。并在手術(shù)過程中,與主治醫(yī)生密切配合,清理血跡與膿物,保證手術(shù)現(xiàn)場的干凈與整潔。③術(shù)后。手術(shù)完畢后,護理人員及時查對清點儀器,避免手術(shù)器械物品遺落在患者體內(nèi),做好整個手術(shù)過程的記錄工作[4-5]。在患者麻醉清醒后,及時對其進行心理護理,告知患者與家屬術(shù)后以及飲食等方面的注意事項。注意對患者術(shù)后的疼痛護理等。
1.3觀察指標與評價標準
護理質(zhì)量評估指標包括儀器設(shè)備管理、器械準備、護士配合、消毒隔離和護理質(zhì)量安全,滿分100分,得分越高,護理質(zhì)量越高。護理滿意度采用自己設(shè)計的護理滿意度調(diào)查表,分滿意和不滿意兩項。并對護理人員的形象和術(shù)中護理進行評分。記錄手術(shù)時間。
1.4統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計量資料用均數(shù)±標準差(x±s)表示,兩組間比較采用t檢驗;計數(shù)資料采用率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗,以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1兩組患者手術(shù)室護理質(zhì)量的比較
觀察組患者的各項護理質(zhì)量評分均高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
2.2兩組患者手術(shù)時間及護理滿意度的比較
兩組患者的手術(shù)時間比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。觀察組患者在護理人員形象與職業(yè)素養(yǎng)、術(shù)后護理綜合評分、護理滿意度方面均高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表2)。
2.3兩組患者SAS評分的比較
術(shù)前,兩組患者的SAS評分比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05);兩組患者術(shù)后1 d的SAS評分與術(shù)前比較,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);術(shù)后1 d,觀察組患者的SAS評分顯著低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表3)。
3討論
手術(shù)室護理工作具有緊張、繁忙、高強度、高壓力、風(fēng)險程度高、工作壓力大等特點。如果護理不當,出現(xiàn)一點差錯,都將會危害患者的生命,造成致殘致endprint