戴 藝徐明生上官新晨蔣 艷鄭國棟王文君
(1.江西省天然產(chǎn)物與功能食品重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)食品科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院,南昌 330045;2.江西工業(yè)貿(mào)易職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院糧食工程系,南昌 330038)
松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用的研究
戴 藝1,2徐明生1?上官新晨1蔣 艷1鄭國棟1王文君1
(1.江西省天然產(chǎn)物與功能食品重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)食品科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院,南昌 330045;2.江西工業(yè)貿(mào)易職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院糧食工程系,南昌 330038)
本試驗(yàn)旨在研究松針多糖對(duì)正常狀態(tài)及脂多糖(LPS)刺激狀態(tài)下小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞的免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用。試驗(yàn)采用不同濃度的松針多糖作用于正常的和經(jīng)LPS刺激的小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞,設(shè)空白對(duì)照組(加入100 μL RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基)、陽性對(duì)照組(加入100 μL終濃度為5 μg/mL的LPS)、松針多糖組(分別加入100 μL 25、50、100、200 μg/mL的松針多糖)和LPS+松針多糖組(加入與松針多糖組相同濃度的松針多糖和終濃度為5 μg/mL的LPS,液體終體積為200 μL)。噻唑藍(lán)(MTT)比色法檢測細(xì)胞活力,中性紅吞噬試驗(yàn)檢測巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力,Griess法檢測一氧化氮(NO)的分泌量,酶聯(lián)免疫吸附測定(ELISA)法檢測巨噬細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)上清液中白細(xì)胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)、白細(xì)胞介素-10(IL-10)的分泌量。結(jié)果表明:1)對(duì)空白對(duì)照組相比,各松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞相對(duì)增殖率均顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),50、100和200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),各 LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率均極顯著提高(P<0.01),200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞NO分泌量極顯著提高(P<0.01),50、100和200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞TNF-α和IL-1β分泌量顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),50、100和200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞IL-10分泌量極顯著降低(P<0.01)。2)與陽性對(duì)照組相比,各松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞相對(duì)增殖率均極顯著降低(P<0.01),100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率極顯著升高(P<0.01),50、100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞NO分泌量極顯著提高(P<0.01),各LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞TNF-α分泌量顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),50、100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞IL-1β分泌量顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞IL-10分泌量極顯著降低(P<0.01)。由此可見,松針多糖通過發(fā)揮其促炎作用調(diào)節(jié)巨噬細(xì)胞的免疫功能,進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)機(jī)體抗疾病的能力。
松針多糖;巨噬細(xì)胞;細(xì)胞因子;免疫調(diào)節(jié)
畜牧養(yǎng)殖業(yè)為了預(yù)防疾病,現(xiàn)如今大多在飼料中添加抗生素或獸藥來提高畜禽對(duì)疾病的抵抗力,這也導(dǎo)致了藥物殘留,對(duì)食品安全和人類健康造成潛在危害。隨著畜牧養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展以及人們對(duì)食品安全的日益重視,研制能增強(qiáng)機(jī)體免疫力、提高抗病力的綠色飼料添加劑成為當(dāng)今研究的熱點(diǎn)。植物多糖是從天然的植物中提取的一種生物活性物質(zhì),試驗(yàn)證明,許多植物多糖都具有促進(jìn)免疫細(xì)胞功能、提高巨噬細(xì)胞活性等多種生物學(xué)功能,動(dòng)物飼料中添加一定量的植物多糖能提高機(jī)體的免疫力、抗感染能力并改善其生產(chǎn)性能[1],是一種理想的綠色環(huán)保的添加劑。松針為松科裸子植物,是松樹的針形葉,也是松樹的藥用代表成分,含豐富的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和活性成分。松針多糖是從松針中提取的植物多糖,有降血糖[2]、降血脂[3]、抗氧化[4]等多種生理活性。 目前國內(nèi)外對(duì)松針多糖的提取純化及抗氧化有較多的研究[5-6],但對(duì)其免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用研究很少,呂夢云等[7]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),松針多糖能提高肉雞的免疫功能和生長性能。因此,本試驗(yàn)采用小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞為模型,考察松針多糖對(duì)正常狀態(tài)及脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)過度激活狀態(tài)巨噬細(xì)胞的活性和免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用,為研究天然新型替代抗生素的飼料添加劑產(chǎn)品以及促進(jìn)松針資源在動(dòng)物生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。
1.1 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)
昆明(Km)小鼠,清潔級(jí),4~6周齡,18~22 g,雌性,購于江西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心。實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物質(zhì)量合格證號(hào):JZDW No.2014-0183。參考Hammer等[8]的方法提取并培養(yǎng)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞。向小鼠腹腔中注射2.9%巰基乙酸肉湯溶液,1 d后將小鼠脫臼處死,75%酒精浸泡5 min,把小鼠腹部朝上固定于板上,剪開小鼠腹部皮膚,暴露腹膜。無菌注射5 mL預(yù)冷RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基[含10% 胎 牛 血 清 (fetalbovine serum,F(xiàn)BS)、100 U/mL的青霉素、100 μg/mL的鏈霉素],輕柔腹部5 min,吸出腹腔液,1 000 r/min離心5 min,棄上清,用RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基重懸,計(jì)數(shù),調(diào)整細(xì)胞至所需密度。將巨噬細(xì)胞懸液接種于96孔板中,每孔100 μL,置二氧化碳(CO2)培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)4 h至完全貼壁,吸棄上清,使用RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基洗滌2次,去除未貼壁細(xì)胞,即得到純化的腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞。巨噬細(xì)胞純化后進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)分組,共分4組,每組設(shè)置 3重復(fù),具體分組如下??瞻讓?duì)照組:加入100 μL RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基;陽性對(duì)照組:加入100 μL終濃度為5 μg/mL的LPS;松針多糖組:加 入 100 μL 不 同 濃 度 (25、50、100、 200 μg/mL)的松針多糖;LPS+松針多糖組:加入與松針多糖組相同濃度的松針多糖進(jìn)行預(yù)孵6 h后,加入終濃度為5 μg/mL的LPS,液體終體積為200 μL。
1.2 試驗(yàn)材料
松針多糖,南京景竹醫(yī)藥科技有限公司,純度90%;RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基,美國Gibco公司;FBS:以色列 Biological Industries公司;青鏈霉素混合液、噻唑藍(lán)(thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide,MTT)、中性紅、二甲基亞砜(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO),北京索萊寶公司;巰基乙酸肉湯、LPS,美國Sigma公司;一氧化氮(NO)試劑盒,江蘇碧云天生物技術(shù)有限公司;白細(xì)胞介素-1β(interleukin 1 beta,IL-1β)、腫瘤壞死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、白細(xì)胞介素-10(interleukin 10,IL-10)酶聯(lián)免疫吸附測定(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)試劑盒,美國RayBiotech公司。Multiskan MK3酶標(biāo)儀、3121型CO2培養(yǎng)箱,美國Thermo Electron公司;3110 SeriesⅡ超凈工作臺(tái),新加坡Streamline Laboratory公司;低速離心機(jī),上海安亭科學(xué)儀器廠;XD-202倒置生物顯微鏡,南京江南永新光學(xué)公司。
1.3 測定方法
1.3.1 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞代謝活力的測定(MTT法)
細(xì)胞按5×105個(gè)/mL接種于96孔板,按1.1方法進(jìn)行分組處理,37℃、5%CO2孵育24 h后每孔加入5 mg/mL的MTT 20 μL,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)4 h,棄上清,每孔加150 μL DMSO,輕輕振蕩約10 min使其完全溶解,酶標(biāo)儀570 nm波長下測其吸光度值。
1.3.2 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力的測定(中性紅法)
細(xì)胞按5×105個(gè)/mL接種于96孔板,按1.1方法進(jìn)行分組處理,37℃、5%CO2孵育24 h后棄上清,每孔加1%中性紅溶液100 μL,孵育30 min后用磷酸緩沖溶液(phosphate buffered saline,PBS)洗滌3次,每孔加200 μL細(xì)胞裂解液(等體積無水乙醇與乙酸混合液),4℃冰箱靜置過夜,酶標(biāo)儀540 nm波長下測其吸光度值。
1.3.3 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞NO分泌量的測定(Greiss法)
細(xì)胞按2×106個(gè)/mL接種于96孔板中,按1.1方法進(jìn)行分組處理,37℃、5%CO2孵育48 h后每孔取50 μL,按NO試劑盒操作。每孔分別加Greiss A和Greiss B試劑50 μL,酶標(biāo)儀于540 nm處測定其吸光度值。根據(jù)亞硝酸鈉(NaNO2)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線換算為亞硝酸根離子(NO2-)濃度,間接反映NO分泌量。
1.3.4 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞IL-10、TNF-α、IL-1β分泌量的測定
細(xì)胞按2×106個(gè)/mL接種于96孔板中,按1.1方法進(jìn)行分組處理,37℃、5%CO2孵育48 h后收集上清液,1 000 r/min離心20 min,取上清。操作嚴(yán)格按照試劑盒說明書進(jìn)行。具體步驟如下:每孔加入 100 μL測定稀釋劑 RD1W;每孔加入100 μL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品、樣品或?qū)φ?。室溫孵? h;抽吸、洗滌4次;每孔加入200 μL復(fù)合溶液,室溫孵育2 h;抽吸、洗滌4次;每孔加入200 μL底物溶液。避光,室溫孵育20 min;每孔加入50 μL終止液,30 min內(nèi)在450 nm處讀數(shù)。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析
采用DPS數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)Duncan氏新復(fù)極差多重比較法進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。
2.1 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞代謝活力的影響
從表1中可知,松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞代謝活力有增強(qiáng)作用,對(duì)空白照組相比,各松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞相對(duì)增殖率均顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),且50~200 μg/mL時(shí)呈劑量依賴性,但各松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞相對(duì)增殖率均極顯著低于陽性對(duì)照組(P<0.01)。
表1 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞代謝活力的影響Table 1 Effects of polysaccharides from pine needles on metabolize viability of mouse peritoneal macrophages %
2.2 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力的影響
從表2中可知,與空白對(duì)照組相比,50、100和200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率顯著或極顯著增強(qiáng)(P<0.05或P<0.01),且呈劑量依賴性;LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率均極顯著高于空白對(duì)照組(P<0.01),但與陽性對(duì)照組相比,100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率極顯著升高(P<0.01),200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞中性紅吞噬率最高。
2.3 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞NO分泌量的影響
從表3中可知,與空白對(duì)照組相比,各松針多糖組均能提高巨噬細(xì)胞NO分泌量,且250 μg/mL松針多糖組極顯著提高(P<0.01);與陽性對(duì)照組相比,50、100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞NO分泌量極顯著提高(P<0.01)。
表2 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力的影響Table 2 Effects of polysaccharides from pine needles on phagocytosis capacity of mouse peritoneal macrophages %
2.4 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞IL-10、TNF-α、IL-1β分泌量的影響
從表4中可知,與空白對(duì)照組相比,50、100和200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞TNF-α和IL-1β分泌量顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),且呈劑量依賴性;50、100和200 μg/mL松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞IL-10分泌量極顯著降低(P<0.01),且呈劑量依賴性。與陽性對(duì)照組相比,25~200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞TNF-α分泌量顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),且呈劑量依賴性;50、100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞IL-1β分泌量顯著或極顯著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);100和200 μg/mL LPS+松針多糖組巨噬細(xì)胞IL-10分泌量極顯著降低(P<0.01)。
炎癥反應(yīng)是一種重要的機(jī)體防御過程,涉及機(jī)體活動(dòng)的許多環(huán)節(jié),其中免疫細(xì)胞(巨噬細(xì)胞、中性粒細(xì)胞等)的激活是炎癥反應(yīng)的啟動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)[9]。巨噬細(xì)胞廣泛分布于體內(nèi),是一類重要的免疫細(xì)胞和炎癥細(xì)胞,在炎癥反應(yīng)中起著重要的作用[10]。巨噬細(xì)胞是先天性細(xì)胞免疫的重要組成部分,有許多功能,包括對(duì)外來微生物(細(xì)菌、病毒、真菌和寄生蟲)的防御和免疫,巨噬細(xì)胞具有一系列識(shí)別、吞噬、摧毀病原體的細(xì)胞表面受體、胞內(nèi)介質(zhì)和至關(guān)重要的分泌分子[11]。
表4 松針多糖對(duì)小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10分泌量的影響Table 4 Effects of polysaccharides from pine needles on TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 secretory volume of mouse peritoneal macrophages pg/mL
MTT法是一種快速簡便地檢測細(xì)胞的增殖率和細(xì)胞毒性的方法。趙嘉惠等[12]研究表明,MTT法能準(zhǔn)確反映出細(xì)胞的增殖能力。但小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞屬于原代細(xì)胞,在體外幾乎不增殖,而紫色結(jié)晶物的生成不僅與細(xì)胞數(shù)量有關(guān),還與細(xì)胞活性呈正比[13],而顏曉靜等[14]通過 MTT法證明了甘遂醋炙能增強(qiáng)小鼠淋巴細(xì)胞的代謝活力,增強(qiáng)淋巴細(xì)胞活性。故松針多糖能顯著上調(diào)腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞代謝MTT的活力從而增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的活性,發(fā)揮其促炎作用。
吞噬功能是巨噬細(xì)胞的十分重要功能之一,巨噬細(xì)胞通過吞噬侵入的病原體及體內(nèi)衰老、畸變的細(xì)胞而提高機(jī)體的抗感染能力[15]。吞噬能力是衡量巨噬細(xì)胞活性的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo)[16]。巨噬細(xì)胞對(duì)病原體等抗原性異物的識(shí)別是通過其表面模式識(shí)別受體直接識(shí)別某些病原體或其產(chǎn)物所共有的高度保守的特定分子結(jié)構(gòu)免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)、Fc受體(Fc recepter)和補(bǔ)體受體識(shí)別IgG或補(bǔ)體結(jié)合的病原體。巨噬細(xì)胞和病原體等抗原性異物結(jié)合后,經(jīng)過吞噬和吞飲作用將病原體等吸收進(jìn)入細(xì)胞內(nèi)成為吞噬體。在吞噬體內(nèi),可以通過氧依賴和氧非依賴的殺菌系統(tǒng)消滅病原體[17]。本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,松針多糖能增強(qiáng)正常及LPS激活狀態(tài)下小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬能力,推測其可能是通過某個(gè)分子結(jié)構(gòu)或生物學(xué)機(jī)制,促進(jìn)巨噬細(xì)胞表面的模式識(shí)別受體和病原體或凋亡細(xì)胞表面的特定分子結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合,從而增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬功能,提高動(dòng)物機(jī)體抗疾病感染能力。
NO是一種多功能的介質(zhì),參與了大量的生理和病理過程,包括保護(hù)胃腸道、免疫細(xì)胞、單核細(xì)胞和巨噬細(xì)胞受到如病原體及微生物(如LPS、內(nèi)源性細(xì)胞因子等)刺激時(shí)會(huì)表達(dá)誘導(dǎo)型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)從而產(chǎn)生大量NO[18]。NO是巨噬細(xì)胞發(fā)揮吞噬作用的基本條件,隨著NO分泌量的逐步升高,巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力也增強(qiáng),抗疾病能力隨之增強(qiáng)[19]。
TNF-α是一種由單核細(xì)胞、巨噬細(xì)胞和T細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生的細(xì)胞因子,是由病原體、木糖醇和相關(guān)物質(zhì)誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生,在骨代謝和炎癥性疾病中發(fā)揮重要作用。TNF-α在宿主防御中也起著重要的作用,它通過各種細(xì)胞包括負(fù)責(zé)細(xì)胞激活系統(tǒng)的單核吞噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生促炎活動(dòng),是一種炎癥關(guān)鍵因子[20],可促進(jìn)巨噬細(xì)胞表達(dá)IL-1β,從而增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞活性并擴(kuò)大炎癥反應(yīng)。IL-1β是由活化的巨噬細(xì)胞和單核細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生的多功能細(xì)胞因子,它能與白細(xì)胞介素-1(IL-1)受體結(jié)合,并被認(rèn)為是炎癥中不可或缺的一種,它能促進(jìn)其他許多的細(xì)胞因子[如白細(xì)胞介素-6(IL-6)、白細(xì)胞介素-8(IL-8)及TNF-α]的分泌[21],TNF-α及 IL-1β的濃度越高,巨噬細(xì)胞和體液免疫的功能越強(qiáng),小鼠的抗病能力越強(qiáng)。IL-10是由巨噬細(xì)胞,淋巴細(xì)胞及其他細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生的一類抗炎性細(xì)胞因子,是與白細(xì)胞介素-12(IL-12)的產(chǎn)生和 Th1型免疫應(yīng)答相關(guān)的抑制劑[22]。它參與免疫細(xì)胞、炎癥細(xì)胞、腫瘤細(xì)胞等多種細(xì)胞的生物調(diào)節(jié),在多種疾病中發(fā)揮重要作用[23],IL-10的大量分泌能抑制炎癥的產(chǎn)生,從而使巨噬細(xì)胞發(fā)揮負(fù)向免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用。巨噬細(xì)胞的正向免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用主要靠其吞噬功能及分泌一些細(xì)胞因子(IL-1、IL-6及TNF-α)來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,而NO的生成能增強(qiáng)其吞噬能力[24]。本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在一定濃度范圍內(nèi)松針多糖能抑制巨噬細(xì)胞釋放抑炎細(xì)胞因子IL-10,故松針多糖增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬能力,促進(jìn)其產(chǎn)生促炎細(xì)胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β及NO從而發(fā)揮其促炎作用。
王翔巖等[25]研究表明,植物多糖類化合物通過激活巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力,增加促炎細(xì)胞因子和NO等的分泌,從而增強(qiáng)其免疫調(diào)節(jié)作用。劉艷艷等[26]發(fā)現(xiàn),黃芪多糖復(fù)方制劑可以顯著提高胸腺、法氏囊指數(shù),促進(jìn)白細(xì)胞介素等細(xì)胞因子的分泌從而增強(qiáng)肉雞的免疫力。Hashimoto等[27]也發(fā)現(xiàn)裂褶菌β-葡聚糖可促進(jìn)NO的合成與分泌,均與本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果相符。單核-巨噬細(xì)胞可以吞噬病原體,殺傷、清除病毒和細(xì)菌等,也可以通過分泌細(xì)胞因子、趨化因子等介導(dǎo)和促進(jìn)炎癥反應(yīng),增強(qiáng)機(jī)體的抗疾病能力[28],故松針多糖能增強(qiáng)動(dòng)物對(duì)疾病的抵抗力。
因此,本試驗(yàn)以小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞為模型,研究了松針多糖對(duì)巨噬細(xì)胞代謝活力、吞噬能力及產(chǎn)生NO、IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10能力的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,不同濃度的松針多糖均能促進(jìn)正常狀態(tài)下小鼠腹腔巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO,當(dāng)其濃度大于25 μg/mL時(shí)能增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬能力,促進(jìn)TNF-α和 IL-1β的分泌量。高濃度(100和200 μg/mL)的松針多糖能顯著抑制 IL-10分泌量;不同濃度的松針多糖均能協(xié)同LPS釋放大量TNF-α。當(dāng)松針多糖濃度大于50 μg/mL時(shí),LPS+松針多糖組能顯著地增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬能力,促進(jìn)巨噬細(xì)胞釋放NO和促炎因子TNF-α、IL-1β,抑制IL-10的產(chǎn)生,并呈劑量依賴性。故松針多糖能發(fā)揮促炎作用而調(diào)節(jié)巨噬細(xì)胞的免疫功能。在通常狀態(tài)下,通過對(duì)正常狀態(tài)巨噬細(xì)胞的剌激增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的促進(jìn)炎性反應(yīng),提高機(jī)體的抗病能力,由此表明松針多糖對(duì)疾病有一定的預(yù)防作用。這為松針多糖在飼料添加劑中的進(jìn)一步研究奠定了一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。
松針多糖可抑制巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生抗炎細(xì)胞因子IL-10,并通過增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的代謝活力、吞噬能力,增加NO和促炎細(xì)胞因子TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌量而增強(qiáng)機(jī)體的免疫力,從而提高機(jī)體抵抗疾病的能力。
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Immunoregulation Effects of Polysaccharides from Pine Needles on Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages
DAI Yi1,2XU Mingsheng1?SHANGGUAN Xinchen1JIANG Yan1ZHENG Guodong1WANG Wenjun1
(1.Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food,College of Food Science and Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang330045,China;2.Jiangxi Vocational Technical College of Industry&Trade,Nanchang330038,China)
This experiment was conducted to explore the immunoregulation effects of polysaccharides from pine needles on normal and LPS stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.Different concentrations of polysaccharides from pine needles were used in normal and LPS stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.The blank control group was added 100 μL RPMI-1640 medium,the positive control group was added 100 μL LPS which the final concentration was 5 μg/mL,the polysaccharides from pine needles groups were added 100 μL of 25,50,100,200 μg/mL polysaccharides from pine needles,and the LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles groups were added the mixture of the same concentration as polysaccharides from pine needles groups and LPS solution which the final concentration was 5 μg/mL and the final volume of the liquid was 200 μL.The thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay was used to tested the cell viability,and the macrophages phagocytic ability was tested by neutral red phagocytosis experiments,the secretory volume of nitrous oxide(NO)was measured by Griess reaction,the secretory volumes of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-10(IL-10)in culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent method(ELISA).The results showed that:1)compared with the blank control group,the relative proliferation rate of macrophages was significantly increased in all polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.05 orP<0.01),the neutral red phagocytic rate of macrophages was significantly increased in 50,100 and 200 μg/mL polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.05 orP<0.01),the neutral red phagocytic rate of macrophages was significantly increased in all LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.01),the NO secretory volume of macrophages was significantly increased in 200 μg/mL polysaccharides from pine needles group(P<0.01),the TNF-α and IL-1β secretory volumes of macrophages were significantly increased in 50,100 and 200 μg/mL polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.05 orP<0.01),the IL-10 secretory volume of macrophages was significantly decreased in 50,100 and 200 μg/mL polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.01).2)Compared with the positive control group,the relative proliferation rate of macrophages was significantly decreased in all polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.01),the neutral red phagocytic rate of macrophages was significantly increased in 100 and 200 LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.01),the NO secretory volume of macrophages was significantly increased in 50,100 and 200 μg/mL LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles group(P<0.01),the TNF-α secretory volume of macrophages was significantly increased in all LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.05 orP<0.01),the IL-1β secretory volume of macrophages was significantly increased in 50,100 and 200 μg/mL LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.05 orP<0.01),the IL-10 secretory volume of macrophages was significantly decreased in 100 and 200 μg/mL LPS+polysaccharides from pine needles groups(P<0.01).It is concluded that polysaccharides from pine needles can play a role in proinflammatory,thereby regulate the immune function of macrophages,thus enhancing the ability of anti-disease.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29(2):670-677]
polysaccharides from pine needles;macrophages;cytokines;immuneoregulation
S811.3
A
1006-267X(2017)02-0670-08
10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.02.037
(責(zé)任編輯 武海龍)
2016-08-01
國家科技支撐計(jì)劃(2013BAD10B04-3);江西省科技廳農(nóng)業(yè)處重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(2016BBF60086)
戴 藝(1992—),女,江西南昌人,碩士研究生,從事天然產(chǎn)物提取與應(yīng)用研究。E-mail:ivyjaydai@163.com
?通信作者:徐明生,教授,碩士生導(dǎo)師,E-mail:xmsjy@sina.com
?Corresponding author,professor,E-mail:xmsjy@sina.com
動(dòng)物營養(yǎng)學(xué)報(bào)2017年2期