戚永曄
三維激光掃描制假肢、科沃斯陪聊機器人、連鎖化互聯(lián)網(wǎng)監(jiān)控……
這是2016年11月中旬,在杭州和平國際會展中心集中展示的新設(shè)備、新技術(shù)。但如果你以為這是一次與年輕人有關(guān)的展會,那就錯了。恰恰相反,這是由浙江省老齡工作委員會、浙江省民政廳、浙江省商務(wù)廳、浙江省殘疾人聯(lián)合會、浙江省貿(mào)促會共同主辦的第五屆浙江國際養(yǎng)老服務(wù)業(yè)博覽會。從會展內(nèi)容到模式,再到服務(wù)對象,都與老年人有關(guān)。
“銀發(fā)經(jīng)濟”是近年來流行的熱詞之一,而浙江已連續(xù)5年的老博會,再次展示了浙江銀發(fā)天地的健康生態(tài)情景。
請進(jìn)來,走出去
走進(jìn)浙江和平會展中心一萬平方米的展廳,迎面而來的就是人頭攢動的老年觀眾和精心布展的商家。上百家參展商按照展品分類,設(shè)有國際館、康復(fù)輔具、健康保健、養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)及公寓、老年旅游、老年金融和生活服務(wù)七大展區(qū),總數(shù)達(dá)1000余種的商品,讓人眼花繚亂,目不暇接。而“國際范兒”,則是粗粗走過整場展覽后的第一觀感。
浙江省社會福利中心展臺的一臺三維打印設(shè)備是最引人注目的。工作人員手持三維掃描儀對著一位觀眾的面部進(jìn)行激光掃描,電腦上很快出現(xiàn)了一幅凹凸有致的立體圖像。據(jù)介紹,該套設(shè)備從德國引進(jìn),主要用于為殘障人士制作假肢,原來人工石膏制模需要兩天,現(xiàn)在縮短到半小時,算是國際前沿科技在老齡用戶中的最新應(yīng)用。
而來自德國的企業(yè)更是鉚足了勁,工作人員在現(xiàn)場展示一臺“電動載人爬樓機”,使用者只需在后面按按鈕,就可幫助坐在輪椅上的老年人上下臺階,用時不到10秒,就可下3級臺階,過程顯得十分輕巧。
來自韓國的一家健康管理公司在國際館中也頗吸引眼球。一位姓鐘的先生是這家公司駐浙江的客戶經(jīng)理,他正面帶微笑,向上門咨詢的老年人介紹公司相關(guān)服務(wù):“中老年后,人體就進(jìn)入衰退期,很多疾病要早預(yù)防早診斷。體檢就非常重要。韓國是個長壽的國家,民眾有很強的健康意識。本公司不僅有來自韓國的全套體檢設(shè)備,更提供了前往韓國旅行順帶體檢的線路,向更多浙江老年人宣傳健康管理理念。”
來自日本的企業(yè)是本次展會中數(shù)量最多的,共計有18家涉老企業(yè)參展,展位超過30個。在展會首日,更配套舉行了一場中日(江浙滬-靜岡)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)業(yè)高峰論壇。民政部、江浙滬民政系統(tǒng)和以日本靜岡縣健康福祉部部長代理渡瀨浩為團長的日本代表團、以及國內(nèi)外養(yǎng)老服務(wù)專家學(xué)者、部分養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)代表共計500人出席論壇,探討?zhàn)B老服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展路徑問題的同時提高了浙江省養(yǎng)老服務(wù)業(yè)的國際化程度。
渡瀨浩的專題報告讓人難忘,他介紹了靜岡縣老齡化程度的基本情況,同時提出了運動、飲食、社會參與這健康長壽三要素及“健康壽命”的靜岡理念。他的報告,很能吸引“向外看”的浙江銀發(fā)天地老人以及展望對外交流的遠(yuǎn)景。
沉下去,提上來
如果說“向外看”是本屆老博會最顯著特點的話,那么科技感就是老博會最大的賣點。
在科沃斯機器人展臺,小巧玲瓏的聊天機器人吸引了老人們圍觀?!澳憬惺裁疵郑俊薄拔医型鷮?。”“奶奶,你該吃藥了。”“我唱一段越劇給你聽……”專門陪聊天,還會講笑話,干的都是“腦力活”,據(jù)悉,旺寶機器人已在浙江100多家養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)服務(wù)2萬多名老人。
而在另一個展臺上,另一款亟待推廣的遠(yuǎn)程陪伴溝通硬件更讓人覺得有趣,工作人員介紹說:“在外工作的年輕人一方面能360度無死角查看家里老人的情況、隨時跟家里老人進(jìn)行溝通,并有一定防偷盜的安全提示功能,例如門窗被撬或有異常,都會引發(fā)警報,并遠(yuǎn)程提示。同時,還可以實時關(guān)注家中動態(tài),比如空調(diào)溫度設(shè)得太低、做飯后忘記關(guān)天然氣之類事情。監(jiān)控器聯(lián)網(wǎng)后,通過手機客戶端,可以遠(yuǎn)程操控家里的所有電子設(shè)備?!?/p>
據(jù)介紹,目前這類互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+養(yǎng)老產(chǎn)品有兩大優(yōu)勢:首先大多是國內(nèi)甚至省內(nèi)廠家自主研發(fā),在語言、操作性上更能適應(yīng)中國老人的狀態(tài),并改變了從前大多數(shù)科技設(shè)備以海外廠商生產(chǎn)為主的局面。
事實上,科技養(yǎng)老不僅成為越來越多人的共識,而且已經(jīng)在本次老博會上結(jié)出豐碩的成果,許多發(fā)展前沿的科學(xué)技術(shù)成果同老齡事業(yè)、老齡產(chǎn)業(yè)互動,其成果既能提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量、滿足并提高老年人的物質(zhì)生活和精神生活的需求,又能降低社會提供服務(wù)所需要的供給成本。
把科技產(chǎn)品的功能“下沉”、技術(shù)“提升”,是很多老人樂于見到的狀況。這直接拉低了科技類產(chǎn)品的使用門檻,并讓它們更加實用,讓“老有所養(yǎng)”的科技夢想照進(jìn)現(xiàn)實。
種下去,長出來
為什么老博會在浙江能辦得如此有聲有色?
現(xiàn)實情況是,中國是全球老年人口最多的國家。隨著老年人口日益增多,老齡化問題愈來愈受到社會的高度關(guān)注。而江浙滬地區(qū)是我國老齡化程度最高的地區(qū)之一,根據(jù)浙江省民政廳提供的數(shù)據(jù),早在1987年,浙江省就進(jìn)入了老齡化社會,比全國提前13年。截至2015年底,全省戶籍人口中60歲及以上老年人達(dá)984.03萬人,占20.19%;80歲及以上高齡老人達(dá)155.83萬人,占老年人口的15.84%。老齡化率和高齡化率均明顯高于全國。
“養(yǎng)老服務(wù)成為社會關(guān)注的熱點問題,是一項重大的民生議題。”浙江省副省長熊建平如是說。
所以,浙江的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)發(fā)展水平也與整個長三角地區(qū)協(xié)同,領(lǐng)先于全國。本次老博會,就是一個縮影。
一對70多歲的老夫婦,在逛完老博會后開心地對記者說:“展出的產(chǎn)品真是琳瑯滿目,全方位、多角度地涵蓋了我們老年人的日常生活。逛一次老博會,把我和老伴的健康問題和生活問題都解決了!”
事實上,老博會的成功,離不開浙江省近年來對于銀發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)的辛勤“播種”、“耕耘”,才有今天長成的參天大樹。政府用“市場化+”的辦法,充分調(diào)動社會積極性,多措并舉確保托底型養(yǎng)老、擴大普惠型養(yǎng)老、支持社會化養(yǎng)老?!澳壳埃∫跃蛹覟榛A(chǔ)、社區(qū)為依托、機構(gòu)為補充、醫(yī)養(yǎng)相結(jié)合的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系基本形成,養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)共有床位37.5萬張,每千名老人擁有機構(gòu)床位數(shù)達(dá)到38張;已建成城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)照料中心22300家、老年食堂1萬余家,實現(xiàn)了城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施的基本覆蓋。”浙江省民政廳副廳長蘇長聰這樣說。
“潛力無限?!庇斜緦美喜⒄股踢@樣評價浙江的養(yǎng)老市場,而對于老年人來說,這也是生活的真實需求。
In the middle of November, 2016, a high-tech exhibition was held at Zhejiang Peace Conference Center in Hangzhou. It was not an event for the young passionate for high-tech trendy fancy gadgets. It was for elderly citizens. Displayed at the exhibition jointly sponsored by the government and organizations for elder people were a lot of high tech things such as robots that could chat with people, a distant internet supervision system, and artificial limbs made with a 3D laser printer. It was the fifth expo held in Hangzhou for senior citizens.
The silver-haired economy is a phrase popular in recent years. The expo over the past consecutive years has well featured the sound and solid progress of the industry geared to serve the needs and wants of the silver-haired.
There are reasons why an exposition for the silver-haired population is so popular in the province. In fact, China has the largest aged population in the world and Zhejiang is one of the regions in the country where the silver-haired population is a key social phenomenon. The province has been an aged society since 1987, 13 years before the whole nation entered the era. At the end of 2015, there were 9.84 million people who were 60 years old and more of the registered population of the province, accounting for 20.19% of the total.
Services for the elderly are a major concern of the society and a top priority on the government agenda. Zhejiang is quite advanced in providing services and care for the silver-haired and in keeping pace with the neighboring Shanghai and Jiangsu in this endeavor. The exposition in 2016 embodied what the provinces service industry has achieved. At present, the province has set up a care system with 375,000 beds and 22,300 centers and 10,000 dining halls for the elderly.
The 10,000-square-meter space at the center was compartmentalized into seven exhibition sections. One was for exhibitors from abroad. One displayed devices for fitness and rehabilitation. One exhibited sporting devices and instruments. One promoted health-care service institutions and homes for the elders. One presented tour operators specialized in tours and services for old people. One hosted financial service companies providing services tailored for the silver-haired generation. One exhibited devices for everyday life. More than 1,000 commodities were on display.
High tech gadgets attracted the attention of the silver-haired visitors. Wangbao Talk Robot demonstrated what it could do. At present, the model has already been adopted by more than 100 homes for the golden-aged and serves more than 20,000 residents across the province. A German company demonstrated a motorized staircase climber that could automatically move a wheelchair up and down stairs. In the demonstration, the machine got up three steps in less than 10 seconds. A Korean company displayed a system that did one-stop health checkup. The company even recommended a checkup tour in Korea. Eighteen Japanese exhibitors, the largest business group from outside China, set up over 30 pavilions at the venue. On the first day, the Japanese exhibitors held a symposium on the health-care for the aged, attended by over 500 people from the governments, scholars and health-care institutions in Zhejiang, Shanghai and Jiangsu, the core of the Yangtze River Delta. The participants explored issues concerning the development of care for the aged and the promotion of the internalization of the service industry in Zhejiang.