蔣清
中藥射干麻黃湯對(duì)小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘的治療價(jià)值探析
蔣清
目的 研究中藥射干麻黃湯對(duì)小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘的治療價(jià)值。方法 選擇我院2015年3月—2017年2月小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘患兒92例并根據(jù)治療方法分組,每組46例,常規(guī)組采用西藥治療;中藥組在常規(guī)組基礎(chǔ)上給予中藥射干麻黃湯治療。對(duì)比效果。結(jié)果 中藥組咳嗽變異性哮喘治療總有效率高于常規(guī)組,P<0.05。中藥組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率和常規(guī)組比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05。中藥組患兒哮喘緩解時(shí)間、X線胸片恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、血常規(guī)指標(biāo)正常時(shí)間均短于常規(guī)組,P<0.05。結(jié)論 中藥射干麻黃湯對(duì)小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘的治療價(jià)值高。
中藥射干麻黃湯;小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘;治療價(jià)值
小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘在臨床上發(fā)病率高,也稱為過(guò)敏性咳嗽,為哮喘常見(jiàn)類型[1],本研究探討了中藥射干麻黃湯對(duì)小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘的治療價(jià)值,報(bào)道如下。
1.1 一般資料
選擇我院2015年3月—2017年2月小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘患兒92例并根據(jù)治療方法分組,每組46例,常規(guī)組男23例,女23例。年齡3.0~11.3歲,平均年齡(5.25±1.53)歲。發(fā)病4~14個(gè)月,平均(10.13±1.24)個(gè)月。中藥組男24例,女22例。年齡3.0~11.2歲,平均年齡(5.22±1.54)歲。發(fā)病4.0~13.8個(gè)月,平均(10.27±1.35)個(gè)月。兩組患兒一般資料差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05,有可比性。
1.2 方法
常規(guī)組采用西藥治療,給予美普清,每次服用12.5~25.0 μg,每天2次,治療1周。
中藥組在常規(guī)組基礎(chǔ)上給予中藥射干麻黃湯治療。方劑組成:紫苑、款冬花、干地龍各8 g;炙麻黃、蟬衣、五味子各5 g;大棗6 g;生姜4 g。打噴嚏和鼻癢者加蒼耳子和辛夷花各6 g;濕疹和皮膚瘙癢加蒺藜8 g和土茯苓10 g;氣虛乏力加黃芪、牡蠣、白術(shù)和太子參各10 g。食欲不振加麥芽15 g和神曲6 g。上述方劑每天1劑,分2次服用。治療1周。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
對(duì)比兩組患兒哮喘緩解時(shí)間、X線胸片恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、血常規(guī)指標(biāo)正常時(shí)間和咳嗽變異性哮喘治療總有效率、不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率。
顯效:臨床癥狀基本消失,胸片X線和實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查結(jié)果正常;有效:臨床癥狀改善,胸片X線和實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查結(jié)果好轉(zhuǎn)但未完全復(fù)常;無(wú)效:未達(dá)到上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)??人宰儺愋韵委熆傆行?顯效率+有效率[2]。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
采用SPSS 15.0軟件統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)量資料行t檢驗(yàn)、計(jì)數(shù)資料行χ2檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 兩組患兒哮喘緩解時(shí)間、X線胸片恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、血常規(guī)指標(biāo)正常時(shí)間比較
中藥組患兒哮喘緩解時(shí)間、X線胸片恢復(fù)正常時(shí)間、血常規(guī)指標(biāo)正常時(shí)間(5.21±1.34)d、(5.21±2.11)d、(6.23±1.20)d,均短于常規(guī)組(8.24±1.92)d、(9.98±2.72)d、(8.26±3.57)d,P<0.05。
2.2 兩組患兒咳嗽變異性哮喘治療總有效率比較
中藥組咳嗽變異性哮喘治療總有效率高于常規(guī)組,P<0.05。其中,常規(guī)組顯效18例,有效15例,無(wú)效13例,總有效率71.74%;中藥組顯效27例,有效17例,無(wú)效2例,總有效率95.65%。
2.3 兩組患兒不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較
中藥組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率與常規(guī)組比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05。其中,常規(guī)組有2例出現(xiàn)心悸,1例出現(xiàn)輕微手顫,而中藥組患兒有1例出現(xiàn)惡心,1例嘔吐。
祖國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘病機(jī)在于風(fēng)寒暑濕和宿痰伏肺[3-4]。因小兒飲食過(guò)于肥甘和生冷,加上臟腑未堅(jiān)和表衛(wèi)不固,容易導(dǎo)致脾胃受損則出現(xiàn)脾胃不足和脾虛運(yùn)化不健,導(dǎo)致痰濁內(nèi)生和水濕留滯[5-6]。中藥射干麻黃湯源于《金匱要略》,方中射干可開痰結(jié);麻黃可宣肺;細(xì)辛和生姜可行水散寒;紫苑、半夏和麥冬可降氣化痰;五味子可收斂肺氣。輔以大棗可安中補(bǔ)血。諸藥合用,可祛邪不傷正,發(fā)揮止咳祛痰、健脾益氣之功?,F(xiàn)代藥理學(xué)也證實(shí),麻黃可松弛支氣管平滑肌和平喘;五味子和蟬衣等可抗過(guò)敏;地龍可平喘清熱。諸藥合用,可有效改善患兒臨床癥狀[7-8]。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,中藥射干麻黃湯對(duì)小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘的治療價(jià)值高,安全有效,是小兒咳嗽變異性哮喘理想治療方案。
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Value of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sheganmahuang Decoction in Treatment of Children With Cough Variant Asthma
JIANG Qing Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binchuan Country Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bingchuan Yun’nan 671600, China
Objective To study the therapeutic value of Traditional Chinese medicine sheganmahuang decoction in treatment of children with cough variant asthma. Methods 92 children with cough variant asthma were enrolled in our hospital from March 2015 to February 2017 and divided into two groups according to the treatment methods. 46 patients in each group, the conventional group was treated with western medicine, on the basis, the Traditional Chinese medicine group was treated with Traditional Chinese medicine. The effect in two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of cough variant asthma in Traditional Chinese medicine group was significantly higher than that in conventional group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the incidence of adverse reactions in the Traditional Chinese medicine group and the conventional group (P > 0.05). The asthma remission time, X-ray recovery of normal time, blood routine indicators in Traditional Chinese medicine group of children were significantly shorter than the conventional group, P < 0.05.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine sheganmahuang decoction in treatment of children with cough variant asthma has high value.
traditional Chinese medicine sheganmahuang decoction; children with cough variant asthma; therapeutic value
R242
A
1674-9316(2017)15-0088-02
10.3969/j.issn.1674-9316.2017.15.052
云南省賓川縣中醫(yī)院中醫(yī)科,云南 賓川 671600