by Adrian Mourby
翻譯:寒星
英國村莊波特米洛恩—這里不走尋常路
by Adrian Mourby
翻譯:寒星
Track 7
在英國的北威爾士,有那么一個小村莊。那里的建筑風(fēng)格獨特,那里的房屋色彩繽紛,那里的夜格外寧靜……這是個不走尋常路的村莊,只等你去細細探尋。
Built in the 1920s on the sandy1)estuary of northern Wales, beneath Snowdonia's注1majestic peaks, Portmeirion's注2buildings have many diferent styles. They are pink and red, green and2)ochre. Each3)roofine difers from the next.
4)Eccentric Portmeirion is one of the most recognizable attractions in Wales. The lifelong project of an architect with a passion for beauty, it would have been easy for the village to be frozen in time. Instead, it has continued to change and5)evolve. If there's anything constant about Portmeirion—other than its beauty—it is its ability for reinvention.
I first came to the village as a schoolboy in 1968. At that time, all I knew was it was6)featured in the7)bizarre British8)secret agent television series The Prisoner. I fell in love with Portmeirion that day.
A Welshman called Clough Williams-Ellis,born in 1883, was a successful but9)virtually self-taught architect. He wanted to show, as he once wrote, “that buildings properly situated within a landscape could actually10)enhance the scenery.” In 1925, Williams-Ellis bought a small11)estate on the edge of Snowdonia and started proving his point, building on pretty,wooded12)slopes that ran down to the estuary. There was already a gentleman's house on the estate, which Williams-Ellis immediately turned into a hotel.
1) estuary [?estj??rI] n. 河口三角灣,港灣
2) ochre [???k?] adj. 赭色的
3) roofine [?ru?flaIn] n. 屋頂輪廓線
4) eccentric [Ik?sentrIk] adj. 古怪的
5) evolve [I?v?lv] v. 發(fā)展
6) feature [?fi?t??] v. 以……為特色
7) bizarre [bI?zα?] adj. 奇異的,古怪的
8) secret agent 間諜,特務(wù)
9) virtually [?vз?t???lI] adv. 實際上
10) enhance [In?hα?ns] v. 提高
11) estate [I?steIt] n. 莊園
12) slope [sl??p] n. 斜坡
注1:斯諾登山,位于英國威爾士北部的一座山,是英格蘭和威爾士的最高點。在格溫內(nèi)思郡(Gwynedd)境內(nèi),斯諾登尼亞(Snowdonia)是山脈的主峰。
注2:波特米洛恩(Portmeirion),一個位于威爾士北部的充滿意大利風(fēng)情的小村,上世紀六十年代的大熱電視劇《囚犯》(The Prisoner)就是在此地拍攝的。
There were a few other buildings, which Williams-Ellis13)embellished in a colorful manner. His approach was just as14)irreverent as his style: he would draw his concept, and then let his builders work out how to achieve it.
But most of the village was new—in the sense that new uses were found for old pieces of architecture. In the years after World War I and World War II, modern architects were15)demolishing a lot of Britain's old buildings. Williams-Ellis got these buildings, or their parts, to reuse—so much so that he16)declared Portmeirion “a home for fallen buildings.”
On a visit this spring, when I arrived at my pink “17)cottage,”I was surprised to find that it took far fewer steps than I'd expected to get from the road outside to the front door.
Williams-Ellis and his writer wife Amabel hoped that their village would inspire painters. But artists never arrived—perhaps because Portmeirion was already a work of art. Still, thanks to Amabel's contacts with the London18)literati,many19)celebrities were soon accepting invitations. By World War II, Portmeirion had become a20)visual and social phenomenon.
Walking down from the cottage early in the morning, I passed a row of shops with21)faux Dutch22)gable where a café was opening for the day visitors. Outside the hall, the empty bottles were being taken quietly out from last night's reception.
It seemed surprising that such a famous23)anomaly could survive into the 21stcentury—let alone become more popular than ever before.
“The village has always24)muddled along,” William-Ellis' grandson and Portmeirion's25)managing director, the writer Robin Llywelyn, told me over cofee. “Various members of the family have often pursued their own interests. But somehow,this has worked to the long-term beneft of Portmeirion.”
Llywelyn himself pursued the arts while running Portmeirion,26)launching a music and arts festival in the village in 2012. He hopes to soon start a literary festival.
The village certainly continues to make me happy and I find it difficult to imagine life without the occasional visit. The reason why it has such an27)impact is based, I think,in the fact that Williams-Ellis fought for beauty all his life,considering it a “strange necessity.” And it is because his family has28)held on to this idea of beauty—in whatever form it comes—that Portmeirion continues to reinvent itself and29)go from strength to strength.
13) embellish [Im?belI?] v. 美化,裝飾
14) irreverent [I?rev?r?nt] adj.無禮的,傲慢的
15) demolish [dI?m?lI?] v. 毀壞,拆除
16) declare [dI?kle?] v. 宣布,聲稱
17) cottage [?k?tId?] n. 村舍,小屋
18) literati [?lIt??rα?tI] n. 文人學(xué)士
19) celebrity [sI?lebrItI] n. 名人
20) visual [?vI?j??l] adj. 視覺上的
21) faux [f??] adj. 人造的
22) gable [?geIbl] n.尖頂屋兩端的山形墻,三角形飾物
23) anomaly [??n?m?lI] n. 異常物
24) muddle along 得過且過
25) managing director 總經(jīng)理
26) launch [l??nt?] v. 開辦,創(chuàng)辦
27) impact [?Imp?kt] n. 影響力
28) hold on to 堅持
29) go from strength to strength 不斷壯大
位于北威爾士沙河口三角灣的波特米洛恩村莊始建于20世紀20年代。在斯諾登尼亞山雄偉的峰巒之下,波特米洛恩的建筑風(fēng)格迥異—有粉色、紅色、綠色和赭色。每個屋頂都各不相同,相映成趣。
不走尋常路的波特米洛恩是威爾士最受認可的旅游景點之一。這個村莊是一位熱愛美的建筑家的畢生杰作,它原本應(yīng)該很容易就呈現(xiàn)出一副時光在此停駐的景象??上喾吹?,它一直處于變化和發(fā)展之中。如果說除了美以外,還有什么是波特米洛恩村莊亙古不變的,那便是它不斷創(chuàng)新的能力。
1968年,我第一次來到這個村莊,當時的我還是個小男生。那個時候,我只知道它是奇異的英國特工電視劇《囚犯》的取景地。那一天,我愛上了波特米洛恩。
威爾士人克拉夫·威廉姆斯-埃利斯出生于1883年,是一名自學(xué)成才的杰出建筑師。他想向世人證明,正如他曾經(jīng)所寫的一樣,“因地制宜的建筑物,實際上能讓美麗的景色更加錦上添花”。1925年,威廉姆斯-埃利斯買下了斯諾登尼亞山腳下的一個小莊園,他開始證明自己的觀點,在通往河口三角灣的樹木繁盛的美麗斜坡上建房子。那個莊園里原本就建有某位紳士的宅邸,威廉姆斯-埃利斯即刻將其改造成了一家酒店。
威廉姆斯-埃利斯將其他幾座建筑重新裝飾成了色彩絢爛的風(fēng)格。他的做事方式和其建筑風(fēng)格一樣“傲慢無禮”:他畫出了自己的概念草圖,然后交給施工人員自行找出建造方法。
然而村莊的大部分地方都是新的—或者說,舊式建筑都被賦予了新的用途。在一戰(zhàn)和二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的那些年里,現(xiàn)代建筑師推翻了許多英式古老建筑。威廉姆斯-埃利斯于是將這些建筑或者它們的某些部分重新利用起來。在如此的改造方式中,他宣稱波特米洛恩村莊是“荒廢建筑的家園”。
在今年春天的一次造訪中,當我來到我那間粉紅色的“小村屋”時,我十分詫異,因為這一路上來到屋子門前的路程竟比我預(yù)期中要短得多。
威廉姆斯-埃利斯和他的作家妻子阿瑪貝爾希望他們的村莊能給畫家們一些啟發(fā)??墒撬囆g(shù)家們從不踏足這片土地—大概是因為波特米洛恩早已是一件藝術(shù)品了吧。盡管如此,多虧了阿瑪貝爾在倫敦文學(xué)界的人脈關(guān)系,許多名人很快就接受了邀請。到二戰(zhàn)時,波特米洛恩已然成為了一種視覺藝術(shù)和社會現(xiàn)象。
清晨從小屋中漫步而下,我路過一排仿荷蘭三角屋頂?shù)纳痰?,那里有一家專門對白天游客開放的咖啡廳。在大廳的外頭,前一晚接待完客人后的空瓶子被靜悄悄地清理了出來。
如此一個眾所周知的反常之物竟能存活到21世紀的今天,這似乎很讓人驚奇—更別說它的人氣要比以前任何一個時期都還要高。
“波特米洛恩本來一直都是得過且過的,”威廉姆斯-埃利斯的外孫羅賓·勒韋林是一名作家,同時也是波特米洛恩的總經(jīng)理,他一邊喝著咖啡一邊對我說?!凹易謇锏牟煌蓡T常常會追求他們自己的愛好,但不管怎樣,最后都讓波特米洛恩長期受益?!?/p>
勒韋林在管理波特米洛恩的同時也追求著藝術(shù),2012年,他在村莊里舉辦了一場音樂藝術(shù)節(jié)。他希望不久之后還能舉辦文學(xué)節(jié)。
波特米洛恩村莊仍然是我快樂的源泉,要是不能偶爾造訪它,我簡直無法想象該如何生活下去。我認為,它之所以擁有如此大的影響力是基于這樣的事實—威廉姆斯-埃利斯的一生都在執(zhí)著追求美,他認為美是一種“奇特的必需品”;同時也因為他的家族堅持了這樣的美學(xué)觀點—無論以怎樣的形式表現(xiàn),波特米洛恩將持續(xù)自我創(chuàng)造,越發(fā)強大。
Portmeirion—Britain's Most Bizarre Village