張琳+楊言辰+韓世炯+薄軍委+王鳳博+聶世嘉
摘 要:黑龍江新立金礦床位于興蒙造山帶東段佳木斯地塊中部,礦體賦存于柳毛組云母石英片巖的層間破碎帶中。通過對礦區(qū)片麻狀花崗巖LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb定年及全巖主量元素、微量元素地球化學(xué)特征的研究,探討了其成因類型、形成時代和構(gòu)造背景。巖石地球化學(xué)顯示,片麻狀花崗巖具有準(zhǔn)鋁質(zhì)—過鋁質(zhì)的鈣堿性系列巖石特征,富集大離子親石元素(Rb、K、Ba),不同程度地虧損高場強(qiáng)元素(U、Ta、Nb、Zr、Ti、Hf),輕、重稀土元素分餾明顯,虧損重稀土元素,呈弱Eu負(fù)異常。LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb定年獲得片麻狀花崗巖的成巖時代為(266.0±4.7)Ma,成礦流體為花崗質(zhì)巖漿演化晚期的產(chǎn)物,因此,推測新立金礦床的成礦時代為晚二疊世。礦區(qū)片麻狀花崗巖的成因類型為I型花崗巖,形成于晚古生代古亞洲洋板塊俯沖消減的構(gòu)造環(huán)境。
關(guān)鍵詞:片麻狀花崗巖;I型花崗巖;巖石地球化學(xué);鋯石U-Pb年齡;成礦時代;新立金礦床;黑龍江
中圖分類號:P595;P597.+3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號:1672-6561(2016)05-0638-11
Abstract: Xinli gold deposit in Heilongjiang is located in the center of Jiamusi massif, which belongs to the eastern section of Xing-Meng orogenic belt. The ore bodies are hosted in interstratified fracture belt of Liumao Formation mica-quartzose schist. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of gneissic granite was analyzed, and the geochemistry characteristics of whole rock major and trace elements were reported, and the petrogenesis, formation age and tectonic setting were discussed. The petrogeochemistry shows that gneissic granite is characterized by calc-alkaline and metaluminous-peraluminous rocks, and is enriched in large ion lithophile elements(Rb, K and Ba), and is depleted with different degrees in high field strength elements(U, Ta, Nb, Zr, Ti and Hf); the fractionation of light and heavy rare earth elements is obvious, and heavy rare earth element is depleted, and negative Eu anomaly is weak. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of gneissic granite is (266.0±4.7)Ma. The ore-forming fluids are produced in late period during granitic magma evolution, so that the metallogenic age of Xinli gold deposit maybe Late Permian. The gneissic granite belongs to I-type granite, and is formed by the subduction of Paleo-Asian Ocean Plate in Late Paleozoic.
Key words: gneissic granite; I-type granite; petrogeochemistry; zircon U-Pb age; metallogenic age; Xinli gold deposit; Heilongjiang
0 引 言
中國東北地區(qū)位于西伯利亞克拉通和華北克拉通之間的中亞造山帶東段[1-3],大地構(gòu)造格局自西向東依次為額爾古納地塊、興安地塊、松嫩地塊和佳木斯地塊[4-9]。自古生代以來,由于微陸塊的拼合和古亞洲洋的閉合,該區(qū)發(fā)生了多期次大規(guī)模的巖漿活動[10-13],并與之伴生了大量的內(nèi)生金屬礦床[14]。佳木斯地塊作為黑龍江省重要的金礦產(chǎn)區(qū)之一[15-16],區(qū)內(nèi)大多數(shù)金礦床的形成都與晚古生代花崗質(zhì)巖石關(guān)系密切[17-19]。位于佳木斯地塊中部的新立金礦床是一個成礦作用與花崗質(zhì)巖石有關(guān)的礦床,是佳木斯地塊重要的金礦產(chǎn)區(qū)之一。唐海濤等對該礦床的基本地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行了研究[20],但是缺乏關(guān)于巖石地球化學(xué)、成巖時代方面的研究。本文通過對新立金礦床片麻狀花崗巖的LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb定年及地球化學(xué)特征進(jìn)行研究,探討其成因類型、形成時代及地球動力學(xué)背景。
1 區(qū)域地質(zhì)概況
新立金礦床地處黑龍江省樺南縣駝腰子鎮(zhèn),大地構(gòu)造位置上位于佳木斯地塊中部[圖1(a)]。礦區(qū)出露地層主要為中下元古界麻山群柳毛組中—低級變質(zhì)巖系,巖性以云母石英片巖、大理巖為主,柳毛組地層呈殘留體NE向展布于片麻狀花崗巖中,巖層以中等或較陡傾角傾向NW。區(qū)內(nèi)以斷裂構(gòu)造為主,早期斷裂主要有NNE、NNW向以及與巖層走向一致的層間破碎帶。早期斷裂為控礦構(gòu)造,多被花崗巖脈和石英脈所充填;晚期斷裂可分為NW、NE和近EW向3組,晚期斷裂為成礦后構(gòu)造,常破壞礦體,使地層、巖脈和含礦石英脈發(fā)生微小錯斷。區(qū)內(nèi)侵入巖為晚古生代花崗巖類,其中以片麻狀花崗巖為主,還發(fā)育少量閃長巖[圖1(b)]。片麻狀花崗巖呈淺肉紅色,以中—細(xì)粒粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)為主,具片麻狀構(gòu)造,主要礦物為斜長石、鉀長石和石英,斜長石和鉀長石的自形程度較高。