陳洪升,周 帥,陳吟霜,謝永強(qiáng),張?jiān)伬?,周珍文?/p>
(1.廣東藥學(xué)院,廣州 510224;2.廣東省廣州市婦女兒童醫(yī)療中心 510000)
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·論著·
金黃色葡萄球菌腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶耐藥基因的克隆及其原核表達(dá)*
陳洪升1,周帥2,陳吟霜2,謝永強(qiáng)2,張?jiān)伬?,周珍文2△
(1.廣東藥學(xué)院,廣州 510224;2.廣東省廣州市婦女兒童醫(yī)療中心510000)
目的在大腸桿菌中克隆表達(dá)金黃色葡萄球菌氨基糖苷類耐藥基因,即腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因,為其功能研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。方法按金黃色葡萄球菌腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶蛋白編碼序列設(shè)計(jì)引物,以金黃色葡萄球菌基因組DNA為模板,擴(kuò)增腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因,所得片段與pGEX-4t-1(+)載體連接,轉(zhuǎn)化至感受態(tài)大腸桿菌BL21(DE3),提取質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行雙酶切及測(cè)序鑒定,IPTG誘導(dǎo)重組蛋白表達(dá),SDS-PAGE及Western-blot對(duì)重組蛋白作鑒定。結(jié)果使用金黃色葡萄球菌基因組為模板,成功擴(kuò)增約800 bp目的片段,重組質(zhì)粒雙酶切見目的片段,測(cè)序顯示腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因長(zhǎng)783 bp,始于ATG,止于TAG,預(yù)測(cè)的等電點(diǎn)和相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量分別為7.75和29×103,目的基因與Genbank腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶同源性為99%,SDS-PAGE及Western-blot顯示在55×103見重組蛋白表達(dá)。結(jié)論在大腸桿菌中成功克隆表達(dá)了金黃色葡萄球菌腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因。
金黃色葡萄球菌;腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶;耐藥基因
金黃色葡萄球菌是機(jī)體化膿感染中最常見的病原菌,隨著氨基糖苷類藥物的廣泛應(yīng)用,耐藥性日益嚴(yán)重。腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶是一種跨膜多重藥物外排蛋白,介導(dǎo)葡萄球菌對(duì)氨基糖苷類藥物及多種結(jié)構(gòu)上近似甚至無關(guān)的藥物耐藥[1-2]。本研究對(duì)腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因進(jìn)行克隆及原核表達(dá),為其功能研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。
1.1一般材料金黃色葡萄球菌菌株(111123035)分離自廣州市婦女兒童醫(yī)療中心內(nèi)科病區(qū),11歲兒童患者的全身多發(fā)軟組織感染膿液。
1.2儀器與試劑上海力申公司HF safe-1200型生物安全柜,德國(guó)Biometra公司PCR,英國(guó)Uvitec公司GAS7508-T20紫外凝膠成像分析系統(tǒng),德國(guó)Sorvall公司micro 17R臺(tái)式高速冷凍離心機(jī)。pGEX-4t-1質(zhì)粒載體購(gòu)自法國(guó)馬來亞公司;質(zhì)粒提取試劑盒、DNA純化試劑盒、rTaq DNA聚合酶、EcoR Ⅰ和Xhol Ⅰ限制性內(nèi)切酶、T4 DNA連接酶DNA marker等購(gòu)自Takara公司。IPTG、丙烯酰胺、Tris堿、預(yù)染蛋白Marker和DAB顯色劑等購(gòu)自鼎國(guó)生物公司。鼠抗GST標(biāo)簽單克隆抗體購(gòu)自北京康為世紀(jì)生物有限公司。
1.3方法
1.3.1最低抑菌濃度(MIC)按照美國(guó)臨床和實(shí)驗(yàn)室標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化協(xié)會(huì)2012年發(fā)布的《抗微生物藥物敏感試驗(yàn)的執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》,采用瓊脂2倍稀釋法進(jìn)行MIC檢測(cè)。
1.3.2腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因PCR擴(kuò)增根據(jù)GenBank金黃色葡萄球菌腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因序列(CP002120.1),設(shè)計(jì)特異性引物1對(duì)。P1:5′-CGC GAA TTC ATG AGC AAT TTG ATT AAC GG-3′,P2:5′-CGC CTC GAG CTA ATT GAG AGA AGT TTC TA-3′。引物序列分別加入EcoR Ⅰ、Xhol Ⅰ酶切位點(diǎn)。挑取金黃色葡萄球菌單菌落于50 μL 水中,煮沸15 min,12 000r/min離心1 min,取上清液作為PCR模板。PCR反應(yīng)條件:94 ℃熱變性5 min后,94 ℃變性45 s,53 ℃退火45 s,72 ℃延伸1 min,共34個(gè)循環(huán),最后72 ℃延伸15 min。
1.3.3腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因克隆至pGEX-4t-1表達(dá)載體腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因 PCR產(chǎn)物純化后,經(jīng)EcoRⅠ、XholⅠ酶切純化后,與相同酶切的pGEX-4t-1質(zhì)粒連接,轉(zhuǎn)化至大腸桿菌BL21。挑取經(jīng)氨芐霉素篩選的陽性菌落提取質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行PCR及雙酶切鑒定。
1.3.4腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因在大腸桿菌BL21/DE3的誘導(dǎo)表達(dá)將含有重組質(zhì)粒的BL21/DE3工程菌接種至含氨芐霉素(50 μg/mL)的LB瓊脂板,培養(yǎng)過夜后挑單菌落于LB液體培養(yǎng)基中(含氨芐霉素50 μg/mL),37 ℃培養(yǎng)至OD值0.4左右,加IPTG至終濃度1 mmol/L 30 ℃誘導(dǎo)表達(dá)6 h,8 000 r/min 4 ℃離心20 min,收集菌體,SDS-PAGE電泳鑒定。
1.3.5重組蛋白Western-blot分析重組蛋白表達(dá)產(chǎn)物經(jīng)12% SDS-PAGE后轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜,使用HRP標(biāo)記的GST標(biāo)簽鼠單克隆抗體(1∶1 000稀釋),DAB顯色液顯色。
2.1氨基糖苷類抗菌藥物的MIC金黃色葡萄球菌菌株(111123035)對(duì)慶大霉素、阿米卡星的MIC分別為18、16 μg/mL。均為耐藥。頭孢西丁MIC值為18 μg/mL,該菌株為耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌菌株。
2.2腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因的PCR擴(kuò)增以111123035菌株基因組DNA為模板,PCR擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,在800~1 000 bp間見明顯特異性條帶,與目的基因(783 bp)大小相似。見圖1。
圖1 腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因的PCR擴(kuò)增
2.3重組質(zhì)粒的鑒定從轉(zhuǎn)化的大腸桿菌BL21提取的重組質(zhì)粒,經(jīng)EcoRⅠ和XholⅠ酶切后見目的條帶。見圖2。測(cè)序顯示腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因長(zhǎng)783 bp,啟始于ATG,終止于TAG,預(yù)測(cè)的等電點(diǎn)為7.75,相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量約為29×103,與GenBank中編號(hào)為NC_017341.1的基因同源性為99%。氨基酸比對(duì)結(jié)果顯示僅見第49位氨基酸D改變?yōu)閅。
2.4SDS-PEGE電泳及Western-blot0.5 mmol 的IPTG誘導(dǎo)8 h后,重組菌體經(jīng)SDS-PEGE電泳后,在55×103可見明顯表達(dá)帶,這與融合重組蛋白的理論相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量相符(26×103GST+29×103adenylyltransferase)。見圖3。
注:1表示DNA 標(biāo)記;2表示重組質(zhì)粒雙酶消化;3表示重組質(zhì)粒;4表示雙親 pGEX-4T-1(+)重組。
圖2重組質(zhì)粒雙酶切鑒定電泳圖
注:1表示蛋白質(zhì)標(biāo)記;2表示pEGX-4T-1(+)/BL21(DE3) 誘導(dǎo)IPTG;3表示質(zhì)粒pEGX-4T-1(+)-腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶/BL21(DE3) 誘導(dǎo) IPTG;4表示質(zhì)粒 pEGX-4T-1(+)-腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶/BL21(DE3)無IPTG誘導(dǎo)。
圖3重組腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶12% SDS-PAGE電泳圖
2.5重組腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶 Western-blot分析鑒定使用鼠抗GST標(biāo)簽單克隆抗體進(jìn)行Western-blot,結(jié)果顯示在55×103左右見目的蛋白。見圖4。
注:1表示蛋白質(zhì)標(biāo)記;2表示質(zhì)粒pEGX-4T-1(+)-腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶/BL21誘導(dǎo)。
圖4重組蛋白表達(dá)產(chǎn)物Western-blot檢測(cè)
本研究從患者全身多發(fā)軟組織感染膿液標(biāo)本分離出1株高耐藥菌株(111123035),為耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌,對(duì)慶大霉素、阿米卡星的MIC分別為18、16 μg/mL,結(jié)果表明對(duì)氨基糖苷類藥物高度耐藥。對(duì)氨基糖苷抗菌藥物耐藥是因細(xì)菌產(chǎn)生氨基糖苷類雙功能修飾酶(AA C(6′)- APH(2")鈍化酶所致[3-5]。該種耐藥性的決定因子為PSK-1樣質(zhì)粒[4]。Jordens 等研究報(bào)道金黃色葡萄球菌對(duì)慶大霉素的耐藥性并非質(zhì)粒攜帶,而是染色體攜帶。
有學(xué)者在大腸桿菌、酵母菌等進(jìn)行了腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶耐藥基因的分離及鑒定,結(jié)果顯示腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因序列和蛋白相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量與報(bào)道相符[6-7]。本研究首次對(duì)金黃色葡萄球菌腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶耐藥基因進(jìn)行克隆表達(dá),從基因組擴(kuò)增出的腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶目的片段經(jīng)雙酶切與質(zhì)粒載體pGEX-4T-1(+)成功重組,測(cè)序結(jié)果表明目的基因片段與GenBank中金黃色葡萄球菌菌株腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因的一致性高達(dá)99.9%,僅第145位T堿基突變成G和第274位G堿基突變成A,說明該基因具有高度保守性。
構(gòu)建表達(dá)系統(tǒng)時(shí)選擇了pGEX表達(dá)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)是目前廣泛使用的一種融合蛋白表達(dá)系統(tǒng),可用于表達(dá)和純化,作為免疫原和生物、生化制劑的多肽,或構(gòu)建cDNA表達(dá)文庫(kù)[8-10]。GST標(biāo)簽體系具有蛋白表達(dá)產(chǎn)率高、表達(dá)產(chǎn)物純化方便,以及有利于GST抗體制備等特點(diǎn)。GST融合蛋白可溶于水溶液,可從細(xì)菌裂解液中提取,在不變性的條件下通過親和層析得到。GST融合蛋白可被位點(diǎn)特異性蛋白酶裂解,從而除去GST蛋白。融合蛋白又是一個(gè)良好的強(qiáng)免疫原,因此很容易制備抗新蛋白的抗體[11-12]。本組實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,在IPTG的誘導(dǎo)下,重組表達(dá)質(zhì)粒表達(dá)出約55×103的融合蛋白,其中腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶蛋白約為29×103,與由核苷酸序列推導(dǎo)的蛋白質(zhì)相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量大小相符。
本研究成功對(duì)染色體介導(dǎo)的氨基糖苷耐藥基因腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶進(jìn)行了克隆和原核表達(dá),獲得腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶蛋白,為進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶蛋白高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)測(cè)定做好了準(zhǔn)備,為了解腺苷酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶蛋白的特性和功能及其對(duì)細(xì)菌耐藥機(jī)制的深入研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)[13-14]。
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Clone and prokaryotic expression of staphylococcus aureus drug resistance adenylyltransferase gene*
CHENHongsheng1,ZHOUShuai2,CHENYinshuang2,XIEYongqiang2,ZHANGYongli1,ZHOUZhenwen2△
(1.GuangdongCollegeofPharmacy,Guangzhou,Guangdong510224,China;2.GuangzhouWomenandChildren′sMedicalCenter,Guangzhou,Guangdong510000,China)
ObjectiveTo clone and express Staphylococcus aureus drug resistance adenylyltransferase gene in E.coli BL21,and to make the foundation for its function research.MethodsPrimers were designed on the basis of adenylyltransferase gene in genbank,PCR was used to amplify adenylyltransferase gene using Staphylococcus aureus genomic DNA as template.The obtained PCR production was attatched with pGEX-4t-1(+) plasmid,and transformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3).The recombinant plasmid was digested by double enzyme digestion and identified by gene sequence.The recombinant protein was induced to expression by IPTG and identified by Western-blotting.ResultsUsing Staphylococcus aureus genome as a template,the target fragment about 800 bp was successful amplified.After enzyme-cutting and DNA-sequencing,the target fragment showed that the ORF begin with ATG,end with TAG,783 bp in length,the predicted isoelectric point and molecular weight were 7.75 and 29×103,and it was homology 99% homology with the reported sequence gene in genbank.SDS-PAGE and Western-blot showed the molecular weight of recombinant fusion protein was about 55×103.ConclusionAdenylyltransferase gene of Staphylococcus aureus was successfully cloned and expressed in E.coli as a fusion protein,which makes the foundation for the research of its function.
Staphylococcus aureus;adenosine acyl transferase;drug resistance gene
廣州市醫(yī)藥科技項(xiàng)目(20131A011053)。
陳洪升,男,在讀碩士,主要從事病原生物學(xué)研究。
,E-mail:861636726@qq.com。
10.3969/j.issn.1673-4130.2016.19.003
A
1673-4130(2016)19-2667-03
2016-02-22
2016-04-17)