王謙,張浩,董麗芳,馮建宇,魏領(lǐng)燕
(河北大學(xué)物理科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院,河北保定 071002)
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亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖中等離子參量的光譜測(cè)量
王謙,張浩,董麗芳,馮建宇,魏領(lǐng)燕
(河北大學(xué)物理科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院,河北保定071002)
摘要:在純空氣或者空氣-氬氣混合氣體介質(zhì)阻擋放電裝置中,觀察到由中心點(diǎn)、頂點(diǎn)和連線組成的亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖.3套結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)出了不同的亮暗狀態(tài),表明它們的等離子狀態(tài)和參數(shù)可能不同.本工作利用發(fā)射光譜法,研究了其分子振動(dòng)溫度和轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度隨氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的變化情況.結(jié)果表明:在同一條件下,分子振動(dòng)溫度由低到高依次為中心點(diǎn)、頂點(diǎn)、連線,而轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度則幾乎相同.隨著氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的增加,3套結(jié)構(gòu)的分子振動(dòng)溫度都呈下降趨勢(shì),轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度則變化不大.
關(guān)鍵詞:介質(zhì)阻擋放電;亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖;分子振動(dòng)溫度;分子轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度
1實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置
實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置示意圖如圖1所示,2個(gè)內(nèi)徑為65 mm的圓柱形容器,它的兩端用厚度為1.5 mm的玻璃片封住,并且充滿水.水作為液體電極,玻璃板作為介電層,兩電極之間放置一個(gè)圓形的玻璃邊界,每個(gè)水電極內(nèi)各有一個(gè)金屬環(huán)浸在水中,并且各自從一端引出與高壓交流電源兩極相連.整套雙水電極裝置放在一個(gè)密閉的腔內(nèi),這個(gè)腔的氣壓和氣體成分以及交流電源的頻率都是可以調(diào)節(jié)的.峰值電壓 0~10 kV,頻率 0~100 kHz.實(shí)驗(yàn)中,氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)從0增加到20%,每增加5%,分別對(duì)3套結(jié)構(gòu)的等離子參量進(jìn)行采集.電壓電流波形的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)通過示波器來記錄(Tektronix TDS 3054B).用曝光時(shí)間為25 ms數(shù)碼相機(jī)(Konica Minolta Dimage Z2)在一側(cè)對(duì)斑圖進(jìn)行拍攝.氣體放電發(fā)出的光通過透鏡成像后,利用光纖探頭將不同位置的光導(dǎo)入光譜儀(ACTON ADVANCED SP 2750A,CCD:1340×400 pixels,光柵:300 G/mm,2 400 G/mm,)由計(jì)算機(jī)采集分析后進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ).
2結(jié)果與討論
圖2所展示的是在雙水電極介質(zhì)阻擋放電中,觀察到的亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖,該斑圖單個(gè)晶胞主要包括中心點(diǎn)、頂點(diǎn)以及連線,其中實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)為:直徑D=2.5 cm圓形放電區(qū)域,放電間隙d=2.8 mm,氣體壓強(qiáng)p=15 kPa,純空氣條件下,外加電壓U=3.04 kV,頻率f=53 kHz.圖2中心點(diǎn)a最亮,直徑也比較大,頂點(diǎn)b次之,最弱的是連線c.由此,可以推測(cè),這3套結(jié)構(gòu)處于不同的等離子狀態(tài).
圖1 實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置 圖2 亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the experimental setupFig.2 Bright and dark dot Honeycomb pattern in dielectric barrier discharge
為了得到氮分子的振動(dòng)溫度,選擇光譜儀的300 G/mm光柵,在360~420 nm內(nèi),采集了氮分子第2正帶系(C3∏u→B3∏g)譜線,如圖3所示,通過觀察可以發(fā)現(xiàn),中心點(diǎn)a的強(qiáng)度最大,頂點(diǎn)b和連線c的強(qiáng)度比較小,a幾乎是b或c的5倍.計(jì)算中,為了減小計(jì)算以及擬合的誤差,選取2組振動(dòng)序帶:(0~2,1~3,2~4)和(0~3,1~4,2~5).結(jié)果顯示:在同一條件下的亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖中(氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)為0時(shí)),中心點(diǎn)的分子振動(dòng)溫度最低(2 520 K),頂點(diǎn)的高些(2 720 K),連線處的溫度最高(2 840 K).圖4給出了亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖中3套子結(jié)構(gòu)的分子振動(dòng)溫度隨氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的變化曲線,保持其他實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)不變的情況下,只改變氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù),分別對(duì)a、b和c的分子振動(dòng)溫度進(jìn)行測(cè)量,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),3套結(jié)構(gòu)的分子振動(dòng)溫度隨氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的升高均減小.
a.中心點(diǎn);b.頂點(diǎn);c.連線. a.中心點(diǎn);b.頂點(diǎn);c.連線. 圖3 a、b、c點(diǎn) 在360~420 nm的發(fā)射光譜 圖4 a、b、c點(diǎn)的分子振動(dòng)溫度隨氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的變化曲線 Fig.3 Optical emission spectra of a,b and c Fig.4 Variations of the vibrational temperature of a,b and c respectively in the range of 360~420 nm as a function of argon volume fraction
a.中心點(diǎn);b.頂點(diǎn);c.連線. a.中心點(diǎn);b.頂點(diǎn);c.連線. 圖5 介質(zhì)阻擋放電中的氮分子離子第1負(fù)帶隙轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)譜 圖6 a、b、c點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度隨氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的變化曲線 Fig.5 First negative(0,0) rotational lines of Fig.6 Variations of the rotational temperature of a,b observed in dielectric barrier discharge and c as a function of argon volume fraction
3結(jié)論
在空氣或者氬氣/空氣的混合氣體條件下的雙水電極介質(zhì)阻擋放電裝置中,都能觀察到由中心點(diǎn),頂點(diǎn)及連線組成的亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖.采用發(fā)射光譜法,研究了亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖中3套結(jié)構(gòu)的等離子體參量以及隨氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的變化關(guān)系.實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn):在同一條件下,中心點(diǎn)的分子振動(dòng)溫度最低,頂點(diǎn)的高些,連線的分子振動(dòng)溫度最高,這3套結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度幾乎相同.氬氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)從0變到20%時(shí)3套結(jié)構(gòu)的分子振動(dòng)溫度呈下降趨勢(shì),而轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)溫度則幾乎不變.上述結(jié)果為亮暗點(diǎn)蜂窩斑圖的等離子體參數(shù)研究提供了基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)亮暗點(diǎn)斑圖的形成機(jī)制的研究有重要意義.
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(責(zé)任編輯:孟素蘭)
Measurement of plasma parameters in bright and dark dot honeycomb pattern
WANG Qian,ZHANG Hao,DONG Lifang,FENG Jianyu,WEI Lingyan
(College of Physics Science and Technology,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)
Abstract:The bright and dark dot honeycomb pattern composed of center spot,vertex and spot of the line can be observed in a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) device filled with air or its mixture with argon.The brightness of the three sets of structures is different.It indicates that the parameters and the states of the plasma may be different.The molecular vibrational temperatures and the rotational temperatures of the three sets of structures are measured by using optical emission spectra under different argon concentration.The results show that the sequence of the molecular vibrational temperatures from the highest to the lowest is the spot of the line,the vertex,the center spot.The rotational temperatures of them remain constant.The vibrational temperatures of the three sets of structures decrease with the rising of the argon concentration while the rotational temperature changes little.
Key words:dielectric barrier discharge;bright and dark dot honeycomb pattern;molecular vibrational temperature;rotational temperature
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2016.01.004
收稿日期:2015-07-14
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(11175054);河北省科技廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(11967135D);河北省教育廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(ZD2010140)
通信作者:董麗芳(1963—),女,河北保定人,河北大學(xué)教授,博士生導(dǎo)師,主要從事光學(xué)診斷與等離子體物理方面的研究.
中圖分類號(hào):O461.2
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號(hào):1000-1565(2016)01-0017-04
第一作者:王謙(1989—),女,河北石家莊人,河北大學(xué)在讀碩士研究生.E-mail:wqywzwq214215@163.com
E-mail:donglf @hbu.edu.cn