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詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用解題指導(dǎo)與專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

2016-04-08 20:23:13黃繼飛
試題與研究·中考英語(yǔ) 2015年4期
關(guān)鍵詞:故用空格介詞

黃繼飛

一、選詞填空型

選詞填空是指把一篇文章的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)挖空,詞序打亂,讓考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確的詞語(yǔ)填空。此類題目主要是要求考生在正確理解和把握文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)分析行文線索來(lái)填寫所缺單詞的一種考查形式。

技巧點(diǎn)撥

(1)統(tǒng)攬全局,把握大意

要填的單詞肯定是在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中才能確定。只有了解了短文大意,把握全局,才能明確方向,從而有助于正確理解空缺處所在的句子,縮小詞的選擇范圍。

(2)根據(jù)語(yǔ)法,判定詞性

對(duì)于一般空缺處要填的詞語(yǔ),我們都可以通過(guò)其所在句的句式結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來(lái)判斷其詞性,從而正確選詞,進(jìn)一步縮小詞的選擇范圍。

(3)利用語(yǔ)境,確定詞形

當(dāng)確定了一個(gè)單詞的詞性后,我們可通過(guò)上下文來(lái)判斷其形式。如動(dòng)詞的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、不定式、v-ing形式;名詞的數(shù)和所有格;代詞的各種形式及單復(fù)數(shù);形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí);基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換形式等。

(4)復(fù)讀全文,驗(yàn)證答案

填完單詞后,不可孤立地逐詞檢查,而必須將所有填入的詞代入文章中,復(fù)讀全文。仔細(xì)檢查所填內(nèi)容是否符合文章的語(yǔ)言情境,讀起來(lái)是否流暢、合乎句法,單詞形式是否正確,單詞拼寫是否有誤等。如若發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題應(yīng)及時(shí)更正。通過(guò)復(fù)讀全文,根據(jù)語(yǔ)感很可能將個(gè)別特別難的題空順口讀出來(lái)。

真題解析

(2015年河南卷)閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確的形式填空,使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞,每詞限用一次。方框中有兩個(gè)詞是多余的。

say way star long though popular he

hand call make because between

Are you still doing the V for victory sign?It'sout.The latest popular hand gesture(手勢(shì))is put-ting both of your hands together to make a heart-shape.It is1"hand heart".

Many young pop2in the US have done the move in recent photos."The 'hand heart' ges-ture means something3'I love you' and 'thank you',"said Taylor Swift,the country sing-er."You can send a sweet,simple message with-out4a word."Swift often does it at her con-certs.And she is believed to be the first to5it popular.

Last month,Justin Bieber and6super-star friends did the"hand heart"and put the photos online.They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident.

It used to take much7for nonverbal(非官語(yǔ)的)culture to move.But now,it moves faster8we have smart phones and the Internet.

In the Republic of Korea,the"hand heart"has been9for a long time,but in a different10.People there put their hands above theirheads and make a bigger heart shape with their arms.It means¨I love you".

【主旨大意】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章告訴我們,如果你還是用V字表示“勝利”就太落伍了?,F(xiàn)在流行的方法是用兩只手組成一個(gè)“心”字形或用兩只手放在頭上,組成一個(gè)巨大的“心”字來(lái)表達(dá)“我愛你”“謝謝你”等。

【答案解析】

1.called。根據(jù)上句“將兩只手放在一起構(gòu)成‘心形”的描述可知,這種手勢(shì)被稱作“手心”。在提供的單詞中只有call有“稱作”之意;又因it是動(dòng)作call的承受者,故填其過(guò)去分詞形式called,與lS構(gòu)成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.stars。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處缺少一個(gè)名詞。在提供的選項(xiàng)中只有way、star及hand為名詞。下文中以鄉(xiāng)村歌手Taylor Swift為例,說(shuō)明“心形”這種手勢(shì)的流行程度,由此可推知,本空談?wù)摰氖恰傲餍懈栊恰?;又因star前有many修飾,故本空應(yīng)填其復(fù)數(shù)形式stars。

3.between。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句中含有介詞短語(yǔ)between…and(在……與……之間)。句意為:“心形”手勢(shì)的意思介于“我愛你”與“謝謝”之間,故本空填between。

4.saying。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本空應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。在備選項(xiàng)中,只剩say與make兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞。由語(yǔ)境可知,這里說(shuō)的是“你可以不用說(shuō)話,就能傳遞甜蜜而簡(jiǎn)單的信息”,由此考慮用單詞say;又因空格前有介詞without,故填say的動(dòng)名詞形式saylng。

5.make。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本空應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。在所提供的動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)中只剩下make。句意為:她被認(rèn)為是第一個(gè)使這種手勢(shì)流行開來(lái)的人。故填make。

6.his。由語(yǔ)境可知,這里談?wù)摰氖荍ustinBieber和他的超級(jí)明星朋友們。由此考慮選方框中提供的代詞he。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本空應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞性物主代詞修飾super-star friends。故填his。

7. longer。通過(guò)對(duì)照下句“現(xiàn)在傳播得更快”可推知,在過(guò)去,非官方文化的傳播需要花更多的時(shí)間。由此考慮填long。又因?yàn)榭崭袂坝懈痹~much修飾,故應(yīng)填long的比較級(jí)形式longer。

8.because。句意為:由于我們現(xiàn)在有手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng),現(xiàn)在它傳播得更快。由此可知,前后分句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故填because。

9.popular。由語(yǔ)境可知,在韓國(guó),“心形”手勢(shì)已經(jīng)流行好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。故填popular。

10. way。根據(jù)下句“那里的人們將手放在頭上,做一個(gè)大的‘心形,表示‘我愛你”可推知,這種手勢(shì)與“hand heart”的手勢(shì)方法不同,但表達(dá)的意思差不多是一樣的。由此考慮填單詞way。

二、首字母填空型

首字母填空是根據(jù)句意和已給出的首字母,在句子的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,使句子意思完整、語(yǔ)法正確的一種題型。該題型既考查學(xué)生的單詞記憶和拼寫能力,又考查學(xué)生對(duì)句子的理解和運(yùn)用的能力。

技巧點(diǎn)撥

(1)通讀短文,掌握大意

(2)認(rèn)真分析,初填單詞

讀完第一遍后,依據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境、語(yǔ)意或首字母提示,推測(cè)單詞;然后根據(jù)句法、詞語(yǔ)的用法,確定其正確形式。對(duì)不能確定答案的題目,我們?cè)诳崭裉幾鰝€(gè)記號(hào),稍后再進(jìn)行確定。

(3)細(xì)讀全文,掃除障礙

讀完第二遍后,確定了部分題目的答案。對(duì)于不能確定的答案,要重讀全文,反復(fù)推敲。

(4)全文復(fù)讀,融會(huì)貫通

在填好答案之后,我們要從頭至尾再讀一遍短文,細(xì)心檢查。看所填單詞是不是最佳單詞,拼寫是否準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤,詞形是否要進(jìn)行必要的變化,短文是否前后連貫一致,情節(jié)發(fā)展是否合理,議論是否合乎邏輯等。

真題解析

(2015年天津卷)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示,填寫所缺單詞,使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。

In the town of Lampang in northern Thai-land,there is an unusual group of musicians.They play many different k1of music-every-thing from traditional Thai songs to music by Beethoven.Both children and adults love this group.What makes them so p2?Is it their music?Their looks?Yes,it's both of the things,but it's a3something else:they're elephants.

These musical elephants started at the TECC(泰國(guó)大象保護(hù)中心)in Lampang.The TECC protects elephants.It teaches people to under-stand and love them.And,like many zoos a4the world,the TECC encourages elephants to paint.

Richard Lair w5for the TECC.He loves his job there and knows a lot about elephants.He says some of the animals' paintings are very good.But,in fact,elephants h6better than they see.And so he had an idea:if elephants are s7and they have good hearing,maybe they can play mu-sic.To test his idea,Lair and afriend started theThai Elephant Orchestra.During a performance(表演),the elephants play a number of8,in-cluding the drums and the xylophone(木琴).

But can elephants reaUy make music proper-ly?Yes,says Lair.They are very creative.Hu-man e9the animals to play,but the elephants make their own songs;they don't just copy their trainers o10other people.There are now CDs of the group's music which make money for the TECC.And the music these artists create is pretty amazing.

【主旨大意】

本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了在泰國(guó)有一群能夠演奏音樂(lè)的大象深受大人和小孩子們的喜愛,同時(shí)也描述了大象是如何創(chuàng)作音樂(lè)的。

【答案解析】

1.kinds。根據(jù)后面出現(xiàn)的everything from traditional Thai songs to music bv Beethoven,可以理解此處指“各種各樣的音樂(lè)”,故填kinds。

2.popular。根據(jù)前一句“Both children and adults love this group.”可知,無(wú)論小孩還是成年人都很喜歡,說(shuō)明大象非常受歡迎,所以填popular。

3.also。這里指除了上述的兩個(gè)原因,但是也有其他的一些東西使大象受歡迎,所以填also。

4.around。這里指的是“像全世界許多動(dòng)物園一樣”,故用固定搭配around the world,意為“全世界”。

5.works。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,再根據(jù)下一句“He loves his job…”可以推測(cè),句意為“他為TECC工作”,故應(yīng)該用詞組work for,意為“為……工作”。根據(jù)上下文的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)可知,此處應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

6.hear。下一句“…they have good hearing,maybe they can play music.”說(shuō)明大象的聽力比視力還要好,故填hear。

7.smart。句意為:如果大象足夠聰明并且聽力非常好,那么他們也可能學(xué)會(huì)演奏音樂(lè)。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn),本句缺少一個(gè)形容詞做表語(yǔ)的成分,所以填smart,意為“聰明的、機(jī)智的”。

8.instruments。根據(jù)后半句“…including the drums and the xylophone(木琴).”可知,說(shuō)明大象樂(lè)隊(duì)演奏很多種樂(lè)器,故填寫instruments。

9.encourage。根據(jù)上下文Lair所說(shuō)的話,大象很有創(chuàng)造力,而且會(huì)創(chuàng)作自己的音樂(lè),所以對(duì)于人類來(lái)說(shuō),是要鼓勵(lì)大象去演奏,對(duì)應(yīng)的英文是encourage sb. to do sth.,意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。故填encourage。

10.or。句意為:他們不是簡(jiǎn)單地模仿馴象師或者其他人。否定句中列舉并列成分時(shí)用連詞or。

三、語(yǔ)法填空

語(yǔ)法填空作為一種新穎的題型,能夠全面考查學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)綜合應(yīng)用能力。

技巧點(diǎn)撥

(l)已給出單詞提示的題型

①名詞形式變化。名詞的形式變化主要有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、所有格的變化。

如:There are many students living at school,because the____(child) houses are all far from school.

由students一詞可以判斷出空格處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù),且作為hous es的定語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用其所有格形式,故答案為child的復(fù)合變化形式——復(fù)數(shù)的所有格children's。

②動(dòng)詞形式變化。動(dòng)詞的形式變化比較多,有謂語(yǔ)的變化(時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣),也有非謂語(yǔ)的變化(不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞)。

如:A talk____(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.

句中的lS是主句的謂語(yǔ),所以空格處所填的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用作非謂語(yǔ)。從tomorrow可以看出,報(bào)告仍未進(jìn)行,故用不定式表示將來(lái);且報(bào)告是動(dòng)作give的承受者,故可以判斷出空格處用被動(dòng)形式,即to be given。

③代詞形式變化。代詞形式變化通常是與人稱變化有關(guān)的“三大類、五小類”,即人稱代詞(主格和賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)、反身代詞。另外還有幾個(gè)不定代詞的形式變化,如no one/none、other/another等。

如:The king decided to see the painter by____(he).

由介詞by可以看出,空格處應(yīng)填反身代詞himself。

④形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)變化。英語(yǔ)中大部分形容詞和表示方式的副詞都有原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化。構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的方式,或通過(guò)加后綴-er和-est,或在詞前加more/less和most/least,且形容詞的絕對(duì)最高級(jí)前還要加定冠詞the。

如:I am____(short) than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in our class.

此題后一句交代了Liu Wen是班上個(gè)子最高的學(xué)生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以用shorter。

⑤數(shù)詞形式變化。數(shù)詞的形式變化包括基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞,或加后綴-teen、-ty的變化,甚至還有用作分母的序數(shù)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式,以及one/two的特殊變化形式once/twice。

如:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses.My eldest son shall take a half.my second son shall take a____(three)...

將上下文連續(xù)起來(lái)理解,這是一個(gè)分馬的計(jì)劃:大兒子分到a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,二兒子分到“三分之一”。所以要填人用作分母的序數(shù)詞third。

⑥詞的派生。詞的派生現(xiàn)象在英語(yǔ)單詞中是很常見的,派生現(xiàn)象主要發(fā)生在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四種詞中。這類題目用于檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)詞根、前后綴及派生詞的掌握。

如:Louis lost his wallet yesterday,so he was very__(happiness).

在這道題中,學(xué)生很容易判斷出應(yīng)該用形容詞,happiness的構(gòu)成詞根是形容詞happy;分析句意可知,如果錢包丟了,失主應(yīng)該是“不開心的”,所以還要加前綴-un,正確答案是unhappy。

(2)未給出單詞提示的題型

在不給出任何提示的情況下填空,難度較大,主觀性較強(qiáng),有時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)多種答案。

①固定短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句中空格處前后以及整個(gè)句子來(lái)判斷空格前后是否構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ),但有時(shí)要對(duì)空格前后的幾個(gè)單詞“視而不見”,才能命中答案。

如:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying____,dirty but happy.

從句中的happy可以猜出孩子們是開心的,所以應(yīng)用短語(yǔ)enjoy oneself。答案為them-selves。

②從句引導(dǎo)詞。從句是此題型最為常見的一個(gè)考查點(diǎn),主要檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)從句引導(dǎo)詞的掌握程度。

如:He did not do____his father had asked him to do.

通過(guò)審題可知,空格所缺內(nèi)容應(yīng)該為賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,此引導(dǎo)詞又在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),且指物,所以是what。

又如:Those——want to go to the village must sign here.

經(jīng)過(guò)觀察可以判斷空格所缺內(nèi)容為定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,進(jìn)一步觀察可知先行詞為those,且指人,所以只能填人who。

③短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)。短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是以動(dòng)詞為中心的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ),此類短語(yǔ)中往往是“動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。

如:Mrs.Baker was ill,so her daughter had to ask for leave to take____of her.

由常識(shí)可知,生病需要人照顧,所以答案是care,與前后詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)take care of。

④介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。介詞短語(yǔ)即多個(gè)詞的組合并起介詞作用的短語(yǔ),如:except for,due to等。

如:Mr.Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.

此題中說(shuō)到兩種交通工具.所以可以理解此句有“乘坐……而不是乘坐……”的意思,故答案為instead,以構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)instead of。

⑤連詞、關(guān)聯(lián)短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。常用的連詞有and,or, but,so,for,while等;常用的關(guān)聯(lián)短語(yǔ)有both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。

如:John's family was too poor,____he could not go to school.

前后句是因果關(guān)系,所以填s0。

又如:_____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.

答案為Both。both與后面的and可以構(gòu)成both…and…結(jié)構(gòu)。

⑥冠詞、介詞和常用的副詞。冠詞只能是在a,an,the之間判斷;常用的介詞有in,at,on,before,during等,通??疾楣潭ù钆?;對(duì)副詞的考查點(diǎn)也比較多,如however,riever,vet,much等,但一般不會(huì)考查-ly形式的方式副詞。

如:Jackie likes to drive at_____high speed.It's dangerous.

這里考查的是不定冠詞的習(xí)慣用法,答案為a,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)at a high speed.意為“以高速(開車)”。

又如:Old Tom's granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon.

Saturday afternoon指的是具體某一天的“下午”,因此這里不能用介詞in。本題正確答案是on。

再如:It was only one day left,____,his fa-ther had no idea to answer him.

根據(jù)題意可以看出,上下句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,并且空格處與前后句用逗號(hào)隔開,故可排除but,答案是however。

⑦上下文中出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞。這類題日是出題方式最為靈活的,但也是難度最大的。學(xué)生可以根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系和自己積累的知識(shí),填入某個(gè)已出現(xiàn)的詞,或其反義詞,或其同類的某個(gè)詞。答案的線索可能在本句,可能出現(xiàn)在上下相連的句子中,還可能出現(xiàn)在范圍較大的地方——上下段中與此段位置大體相當(dāng)?shù)木渥?。如果該空格處出現(xiàn)在某段的首句,則線索可能在上下段的首句;如果空格處出現(xiàn)在某段的末句,則線索可能在上下段的末句,以此類推。

如:Tony____travelling abroad,but dis-likes staying home watching TV.

后半句中的but表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折,故前半句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是dislikes的反義詞,也就是likes。

上述內(nèi)容概括了此題型的大多數(shù)考查點(diǎn),在備考復(fù)習(xí)中能起到很好的加強(qiáng)作用,真正做到事半功倍,較大地提高得分率。

真題解析

(2015年麗水卷)閱讀下面短文,按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填人一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。

We usually had some strange and funny ideas when we were1(child).

When l was a little girl,I2(live)in a very big neighborhood and we shared a garden and3pool between forty-eight houses.There were a lot of kids around my age and we all used4(play) together,and we'd often swim5the pool.But there was one boy who was about five years6(old) than us.One day,when I was swimmlng,7told me,“I hope you know there is a shark in the light.And it8(come out)to get you if you swim alone.”I was very afraid,and up until today-I am twenty-five years old now-I still get nervous when I swim alone9I always check the light to make sure there's no shark.

What10you think of this kind of ideas?Write your stories and share with us.

【主旨大意】

本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述了作者回憶自己小時(shí)候發(fā)生過(guò)的一件事情。這件事情對(duì)作者造成的影響很大,使她至今仍然無(wú)法釋懷。

【答案解析】

1.children??疾槊~的用法。句意為:當(dāng)我們還是孩子的時(shí)候,通常有一些稀奇古怪的想法。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)we可以判斷,從句中的名詞child要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式children。

2. lived??疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前半句“When l was a little girl(當(dāng)我還是個(gè)小女孩時(shí))”可知,這里是敘述自己過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷,故用動(dòng)詞live的過(guò)去式lived。

3.a??疾楣谠~的用法。句意為:我們共同使用一個(gè)花園和一個(gè)游泳池。表示泛指用不定冠詞a。

4.to play。考查固定搭配的用法。used to do sth.意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”。

5.in??疾榻樵~的用法。in意為“在……的里面”。表示“在游泳池里游泳”用swim in the pool。

6. older??疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)的用法。由句中的than可以確定,要用形容詞old的比較級(jí)形式older。

7.he。考查人稱代詞的用法。聯(lián)系上文中的a boy可知,句意為:有一天當(dāng)我在游泳的時(shí)候,他告訴我??崭裉幈硎尽八?,并在句中做主語(yǔ),故用人稱代詞的主格he。

8.will/may come out??疾闂l件狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。句意為:如果你獨(dú)自在游泳池里游泳,那么大鯊魚將出來(lái)抓住你。直接引述某人說(shuō)過(guò)的話,引號(hào)里面要用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可判斷該句為條件狀語(yǔ)從句,從句動(dòng)詞swim用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),主句動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用一般將來(lái)時(shí)will come out。也可用may come out,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may表示“可能”。

9.and/so。考查連詞的用法。該句前后是并列復(fù)合句,前面的分句意為:(聽他說(shuō)完)我非常害怕,一直到今天——我現(xiàn)在25歲了——當(dāng)我獨(dú)自游泳時(shí)我仍然感到緊張。后面的分句意為:我總是檢查一下光線以確保沒(méi)有鯊魚。由此可推斷前后分句是并列關(guān)系或因果關(guān)系,故用連詞and或so。

10.do??疾橹鷦?dòng)詞的用法。由下一句中的動(dòng)詞write和share可判斷本句是在征求對(duì)方的看法,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是you,在疑問(wèn)句中助動(dòng)詞用do。句意為:你認(rèn)為這種想法怎么樣?

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

(一)

example such say so other place need

brother parent not have to do mean

How to Talk about Your Feelings

Once you know who you can talk with,you'llwant to pick a time and1to talk.Does it need to be private(私下的),or can you talk with your2and sister in the room?If you think you'll have trouble3what's on your mind,write it down on a piece of paper.

If the person doesn't understand what you4right away,try explaining it in a different way or give a(n)5of what's about you.Is there something you think could be done to make things better?If6,say it.

Some kids-just like some adults-are more private than7.That means some people will feel more shy about sharing their feelings.A kid8share every feelings he or she has,but it is important to share feelings when a kid9help.You don't have to solve every problem on your own.Sometimes you need help. And if you10,talking about your feelings can be the first step to-ward getting it.1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(二)

ask answer for and large learn mean

question why smile

Long ago,there lived a learned man in Greece.He was well-known1his wide knowl-edge.And lots of people from all over the countrycame to2things from him. The great man taught his students with all his heart and3their questions with patience.

One day a student4him,"My dear teach-er,didn't you say you have manv more questions than we do?But we think we students have a lot more than you."With a5,the teacher drew two circles-one is as6as a big plate,and the other is smaller.

"Of course,I've learned much more.But I don't think I know all you know.Now,look at these two circles.Inside the big one is my knowl-edge of things,7inside the smaller one yours. Out of the circles is what we don't know.My circle is larger,so its line is longer.That8I have more opportunities to meet with what we don't know.And that's9I myself have morequestions than you do.The more you learn,the more10you'll have.You will never learn enough,you know. "1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(三)

Only One Move

Sometimes your biggest weakness can be-come your greatest strength.

There was a lO-year-old boy,whose left arm was b1and was cut off. He decided to learn judo(柔道).His teacher was an old Chinese judo expert.

The boy learned quickly.A2three months,he had learned only one move.He asked his teacher to teach him m3moves.The teach-er told him that this was all he would n4.

Soon after,the boy entered a g5,where he quickly advanced(晉級(jí))to the finals,where his opponent(對(duì)手)was bigger and more experi-enced.The boy seemed very out matched(不匹配).After a long m6,the opponent seemed to lose concentration.Quickly,the boy took advan-tage(優(yōu)勢(shì))and b7the opponent.

On the ride home. the boy asked his teacher."How could I w8with only one move?"The teacher r9,"You have learned one of the most difficult moves in all of judo.And,the only de-fense against(防御)that m10,is for your op-ponent to catch your left arm."

Sometimes your biggest weakness can be-come your greatest strength.1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(四)

Grow Great by Dreams

The question was once asked of a highly suc-cessful businessman:"How have you d1so much in your lifetime?"

He replied,"l have dreamed.I have t2them into what I wanted to do.Then I have gone to bed and thought about my d3.In the night dreamt about my dreams.And when I awoke in the m4,I saw the way to make my dreams real.While other people were saying,‘You can't do that.It isn't p5I was well on my way to reach what I wanted."As Woodrow Wilson,28th President of the U.S.,said,"We grow great b6dreams.All big men are dreamers."

They see things in the soft fog of a spring day,or in the red fire on a long winter's evening.Some of us let these great dreams die,but o7nourish(滋養(yǎng))and protect them;nourish them through bad days until they bring t8to the sunshine and light which comes always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come9."

So please,don't let a10steal your dreams,or try to tell you they are too impossible.

"Sing your song, dream your dreams,hope your hope and pray your prayer.1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(五)

In my life,I have a lot of friends,1thereis a special one who I'm the most thankful to.I first knew him when I began to go to school.He has been with me ever since.

Though he2serious,he is really fun as you get close to him.He is very quiet,smart and knowledgeable.He knows every language of the world,all the events of3,all the thoughts of great scientists and so on.He is admired(欽佩)by4who meets him.

To me,he has been a great5as well.He first taught me the secrets of my own language and then those of others.With these keys,he showed us how to unlock all the arts and sciences of man.

My friend is quite6.Although I am slow in understanding,I can return to him again and again,and he is7ready to teach me.When I am8,he makes me relaxed.When I am lonely,he stays with me silently.When I am sad,he9me up.He is a friend not only to me,but10to millions of people around the world.Shall I tell you his name?His name is"Reading".1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(六)

I still remember the first time I left home for one or two1(night).I was going to a summer camp for a month.When my parents told me about the camp,I was2(excite),because there were lots of activities there.

The whole family drove me to the camp.When we arrived,I saw a lot of kids,3I didn't know anyone.I began to feel nervous.They gave me a little card4my name on it.Then a girl,who looked5(old) than me,came up to me and said,"Hi,Margiel I'm Sara.Our cabin(小木屋)is the Pines."

Finally the time came when my parents said,"Well,Margie,goodbye.Have6great time.And don't worry,we'll write to7often."

I had an awful feeling.I wanted8(cry).But just then another girl of my age came up to me and9(say),"Hi,are you Margie?I'm Tammy.I'm in the Pines,too.Come on.Let's go to see the horses."

So off we went and I had a10(wonder)month at camp.1.____2.____3.____4.____5.____6.____7.____8.____9.____10.____

【參考答案與解析】

(一)

1. place。空格前是time,方框中所給的名詞中能和time并列的只有place。句意為:選個(gè)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)去交談。

2 brother。備選的詞中能和sister構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系的,只有brother最為合適。句意為:在房間里與你的兄弟姐妹交談。

3.saying。根據(jù)后面意思“把它寫在紙上”,這里應(yīng)該是have trouble saying,意為“有說(shuō)不出的煩惱”。

4.mean。根據(jù)后面try explaining it in a dif-ferent way(設(shè)法用不同的方法來(lái)解釋)可知,前面指的是“不能明白你的意思”,故用mean。

5.example。能和前面的way構(gòu)成選擇關(guān)系的應(yīng)該是example,這里指“方法或者舉例”。

6.so。句意為:你有能使事情變得更好的做法嗎?后面一句是“如果有,請(qǐng)說(shuō)出來(lái)”。這里用so來(lái)代替前句中所陳述的內(nèi)容。

7.others。some…others…意為“一些……另一些……”,是固定搭配。

8.doesn,t have to。根據(jù)下一句“共享情感很重要”及表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but可知,本句意為:小孩沒(méi)有必要共享他或她的情感和擁有的東西。因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是a kid,故用doesn't have to表示“沒(méi)有必要”。

9.needs。這里指“但是在孩子有所需要的時(shí)候,共享情感很重要”。故用needs。

10.do。這里是用一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞來(lái)代替“需要幫助”,用do最為合適。

(二)

1.for。be well-known for為固定短語(yǔ),意為“因……而聞名”。

2. learn。learn…from…為固定搭配,意為“向……學(xué)習(xí)……”。

3.answered。句意為:這位老師用心教導(dǎo)他的學(xué)生,耐心地回答他們的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句子后面的questions可以確定用answered。

4.asked。根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容“…didn't you say you have many more questions than we do?"可知這里是一個(gè)學(xué)生問(wèn)他問(wèn)題。故用asked。

5.smile。句意為:老師面帶微笑地畫了兩個(gè)圓圈。with a smile意為“面帶微笑”。

6. large。從后面的“…a bigplate,and the other is smaller.”可知,空格處表示“大的”,故選large。

7.and。這兩個(gè)句子是并列關(guān)系,能用來(lái)做連詞的選項(xiàng)只有and。

8.means。句意為:這意味著我有更多的機(jī)會(huì)去接觸我們未知的東西??崭裉幪顚憁eans。

9.why。句意為:這就是我比你有更多問(wèn)題的原因。這里填寫why。

10.questions。根據(jù)“You will never learnenough,you know.”可知,空格處所在句的意思為“你學(xué)到的越多,你的問(wèn)題就越多”。故填寫questions。

(三)

1.broken。由后面的was cut off(被截肢)可知,前面是broken。

2.After。由前面“這個(gè)男孩學(xué)得很快”可知,這里指“三個(gè)月以后”,故用after。

3.more。根據(jù)前面的only one move可知,這里指男孩要求老師教他更多動(dòng)作。故用more。

4.need。句意為:老師告訴他所有這些將是他所需要的。故用need。

5.game。由后面的“晉級(jí)”和“對(duì)手”可知,他是參加“比賽”。故用game。

6.match。句意為:經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的比賽后,對(duì)方似乎失去注意力。

7.beat。由前面的took advantage(占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì))可知,這里指“擊敗對(duì)手”,故用beat。

8.win。根據(jù)上文,這句話的意思為:我只用了一個(gè)動(dòng)作,是怎么贏的呢?故填win。

9.replied。前面是the boy asked,這里應(yīng)該是the teacher answered/replied。但是,首字母給的是r,所以用replied。

10.move。根據(jù)前面“You have learned one of the most difficult moves in all of judo.”可知,這里講的是“唯一的防御動(dòng)作”。故填move。

(四)

1.done。用do的過(guò)去分詞done和前面的have構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

2.turned。所填詞和后面的into構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)turn into,意為“(使)變成”。

3.dreams。根據(jù)go to bed和后面的“In the night I dreamt about my dreams.”可知,這里應(yīng)填dreamso

4.morning。根據(jù)前一句的In the night和本句的when I awoke可知,這里應(yīng)填mormng。

5.possible。由前一句“You can't do that.”可知,這里指“它是不可能的”,故填possible。

6.by。根據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題“Grow Great by Dreams”可知填by。

7.others。與前一句的some構(gòu)成some…other…(一些……另一些……)結(jié)構(gòu)。

8.them。空格處的內(nèi)容用于代替these great dreams,故用them。

9.true。come true為固定短語(yǔ),意為”實(shí)現(xiàn)”。本句意為:他們的夢(mèng)想將會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

10. anyone。根據(jù)后面的steal your dreams可知,本句意為:不要讓別人偷走了你的夢(mèng)想。故填anyone。

(五)

1.but。由上一句“I have a lot of friends…”和下一句“…there is a special one who I'm the most thankful to.”的意思可以推斷,兩者為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用but。

2.looks。這里要用looks,表示“看起來(lái)”。

3.history。句意為:歷史上的所有大事件。

4.everyone。定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù),因此,先行詞為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。句意為:每個(gè)和他相識(shí)的人都敬佩他。

5.teacher。由下文中的“He first taught me the secrets of my own language…”可知,此空填teacher。

6.patient。由下文中的“Although I am slow in understanding,I can return to him again and again…”可知,他很“有耐心”。

7.always。句意為:他總是隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備教導(dǎo)我。

8.tired。由下一句“…h(huán)e makes me relaxed.”可推測(cè),此空為tired。

9.cheers。cheer up為固定短語(yǔ),意思是“使(某人)振作或開心”。

10. also。句意為:他不僅是我的朋友,也是世界上成千上萬(wàn)人的朋友。

(六)

1.nights。由空格前的two可知,空格處填night的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

2.excited。句意為:我很興奮,因?yàn)槟抢镉性S多活動(dòng)。excited是形容詞,意為“感到興奮的”,用于形容人。

3.but。句意為:我看到了很多孩子,但是我不認(rèn)識(shí)任何人。上下句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but。

4.with。句意為:他們給了我一張寫著我名字的卡片。with表示“有”。

5.older。句意為:然后一個(gè)女孩走過(guò)來(lái),她看起來(lái)比我年紀(jì)大。由空格后的than可知本句用形容詞的比較級(jí),且表示“年齡的大小”,故填older。

6.a。句意為:祝你玩得開心。have agreat time是固定短語(yǔ)。

7.you。句意為:我們會(huì)經(jīng)常給你寫信。由語(yǔ)境可知,這些話是父母說(shuō)給孩子的,應(yīng)為第二人稱;又因所填詞位于介詞后,故用you。

8.to cry。句意為:我有一種可怕的感覺。我想大哭。want to do sth.意為“想要做某事”。

9.said。句意為:但是恰在那時(shí),另一個(gè)和我年齡一般大的女孩向我走來(lái)。and連接并列成分時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致,其前是一般過(guò)去時(shí),因此and后面也是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填said。

10. wonderful。句意為:因此我們出發(fā)了。我度過(guò)了一個(gè)月的精彩的野營(yíng)生活。空格后是名詞,空格處缺少定語(yǔ),故填形容詞wonderful。

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