孫流星++于瀛潔
摘要:
提出了一種基于相移和顏色分光的電子散斑干涉(ESPI)瞬態(tài)三維變形測(cè)量方法,該方法包括一個(gè)彩色CCD和紅綠藍(lán)三種不同波長(zhǎng)的激光器,可同時(shí)采集來自三路的散斑干涉圖像。物體面內(nèi)水平方向、豎直方向以及離面方向的散斑干涉圖像信息通過顏色分光實(shí)現(xiàn)分離,并利用相移算法對(duì)散斑干涉條紋圖進(jìn)行分析處理,分別解調(diào)出水平、豎直及離面方向的變形場(chǎng)相位,實(shí)現(xiàn)三維變形場(chǎng)的測(cè)量。模擬及實(shí)驗(yàn)分析表明,此方法能同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)物體面內(nèi)水平方向、豎直方向以及離面方向的變形測(cè)量,可用于物體表面的三維瞬態(tài)變形測(cè)量,也可單獨(dú)完成面內(nèi)或離面的二維變形測(cè)量。
關(guān)鍵詞:
電子散斑干涉; 顏色分光; 相移算法; 三維變形測(cè)量
中圖分類號(hào): TH 744.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2016.01.005
Transient 3D deformation measurement method by color splitting
based on phase shift and ESPI
SUN Liuxing1,2, YU Yingjie1
(1.Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
2.Shanghai INESA PhysicoOptical Instrument.Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201199, China )
Abstract:
A transient method of threedimensional deformation measurement by color splitting based on phase shift and electronic speckle pattern interferometry(ESPI) is presented. The method takes red, green and blue wavelength lasers as the light sources. A color CCD is used to capture the speckle interference images from three paths. The color light is used to achieve the separation of the speckle interference image information from the inplane vertical direction, inplane horizontal direction and outofplane direction of the object. The phase shifting algorithm is applied to process the speckle interference fringe pattern to demodulate the deformation phase field in all directions separately and to obtain threedimensional deformation field. Computer simulation and experimental results are presented that the system can achieve the deformation measurements of an object′s vertical, horizontal and outofplane directions simultaneously, so that it is applied to measure transient threedimensional deformation of the object′s surface and to realize independent measurements of the inplane and outofplane twodimensional deformations.
Keywords: electronic speckle pattern interferometry(ESPI); color splitting; phase shifting algorithm; threedimensional deformation measurement
引 言
在電子散斑干涉(ESPI)技術(shù)中[12],相移算法是最主要的相位提取算法。由于相移算法精度高,計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)便,在絕大多數(shù)的非實(shí)時(shí)散斑干涉測(cè)量系統(tǒng)中普遍采用[36]。作為電子散斑干涉技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展[711],三維電子散斑技術(shù)都是分時(shí)采集各個(gè)分量的電子散斑干涉圖,再通過數(shù)據(jù)處理獲得物體三維變形信息。測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境和物體的變形對(duì)它的精度有比較大的影響,只能算是偽三維測(cè)量。針對(duì)已有三維電子散斑技術(shù)的不足,有人提出了基于電子散斑干涉技術(shù)的瞬態(tài)三維變形測(cè)量[1215],但裝置復(fù)雜,操作繁瑣,而且研究較少。在位相求解算法方面,已有的ESPI瞬態(tài)三維變形系統(tǒng)中主要是利用傅里葉變換算法或小波變換算法[1619]進(jìn)行相位求解,但精度受限,且需要載波,由于散斑干涉相干長(zhǎng)度短,載波的引入會(huì)降低測(cè)量范圍。本文提出了一種基于相移和顏色分光的電子散斑干涉瞬態(tài)三維變形測(cè)量方法。該方法由一個(gè)彩色CCD和紅綠藍(lán)三種波長(zhǎng)的激光器組成,能同時(shí)采集來自三路的散斑干涉圖像。彩色CCD的三原色與紅綠藍(lán)三種波長(zhǎng)相對(duì)應(yīng),物體面內(nèi)水平、豎直以及離面方向的散斑圖像信息由三原色同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)分離,在反射鏡后面增加壓電陶瓷(PZT)引入相移,并利用相移算法[2021]對(duì)得到的四幅散斑干涉圖進(jìn)行相位求解,同時(shí)求出物體面內(nèi)水平、豎直以及離面方向的變形場(chǎng)相位,完成三維變形場(chǎng)的檢測(cè)。