吳 皎 姜 新 陳曉紅
遼寧省人民醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科 沈陽(yáng) 110016
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急性腦梗死患者miR-210的表達(dá)及意義
吳皎姜新陳曉紅
遼寧省人民醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科沈陽(yáng)110016
【摘要】目的探討急性腦梗死(ACI)患者血清中缺氧激活因子微小RNA-210(miR-210)的表達(dá)情況及臨床意義。方法選取2013-01—2015-01在我院治療的ACI患者122例(ACI組),同時(shí)選擇同期健康體檢人群80例為對(duì)照組,采用反轉(zhuǎn)錄-聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(RT-PCR)檢測(cè)血清miR-210表達(dá)水平。結(jié)果ACI組miR-210表達(dá)量為(1.24±0.07)2-△△Ct,明顯低于對(duì)照組的(2.02±0.11)2-△△Ct,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);男女ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);≤60歲和>60歲ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);重度ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)為(1.10±0.08)2-△△Ct,明顯低于輕度和中度患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);中度ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)為(1.29±0.10)2-△△Ct,低于輕度患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);miR-210對(duì)ACI的ROC曲線下面積為0.961,95% CI為0.926~0.996,截?cái)嘀禐?1.378)2-△△Ct,時(shí),靈敏度為91.30%,特異度為97.54%。結(jié)論急性腦梗死患者血清中miR-210表達(dá)減弱,且與急性腦梗死嚴(yán)重程度有關(guān),可作為急性腦梗死的診斷依據(jù)。
【關(guān)鍵詞】急性腦梗死;miR-210;診斷價(jià)值;疾病程度
隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展,人們生活方式及飲食習(xí)慣均發(fā)生較大改變,且社會(huì)老齡化趨勢(shì)明顯,故高血壓、高血脂以及糖尿病患者日益增多,加之當(dāng)前快節(jié)奏生活使其漸漸忽視自己身體健康,運(yùn)動(dòng)量下降甚至不運(yùn)動(dòng),同時(shí)部分人嗜煙好酒及喜“三高”食品,故造成急性腦梗死(acute cerebral infarction,ACI)的發(fā)病率不斷提高。ACI發(fā)病突然性高,病情發(fā)展速度快,具有較高病死率,即使患者被搶救成功,均會(huì)造成癱瘓、腦神經(jīng)損傷、語(yǔ)言及肢體功能障礙等后遺癥,致殘率極高[1]。有報(bào)道稱[2-3],血清中缺氧激活因子微小RNA-210(miR-210)的表達(dá)水平和急性腦梗死的形成以及發(fā)展具有相關(guān)性,本文探討其具體關(guān)系,報(bào)告如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料選取2013-01—2015-01在我院治療的急性腦梗死(ACI)患者,納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)診斷符合《中國(guó)急性缺血性卒中診治指南2010》中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[4];(2)均經(jīng)頭顱CT或MRI證實(shí);(3)均為發(fā)病48 h內(nèi)住院治療;(4)患者及家屬知情同意,并簽署同意書(shū)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):合并其他腫瘤、免疫系統(tǒng)疾病者。本次研究共納入患者122例(ACI組),根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院腦卒中量表(NIHSS)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),<5分為輕度,5~20分為中度,>20分為重度,其中輕度36例,中度55例,重度31例。同時(shí)選擇同期健康體檢人群80例為對(duì)照組,2組性別、年齡等一般資料比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。見(jiàn)表1。
表1 2組一般資料比較
1.2血樣采集患者于腦梗死3 d后分別抽取空腹靜脈血3~4 mL滴入抗凝試管,靜置30~35 min,用3 200 r/min離心5 min,取上清液滴入干凈試管,于-80 ℃條件下冷藏備用。
1.3RNA提取方法將分離上清溶液滴加1 mL Trizol試劑進(jìn)行充分裂解[5],于5 min后加200 μL氯仿,于4 ℃下取12 000 r/min進(jìn)行離心15 min,后加入500 μL異丙醇,室溫放置20 min,4 ℃下11 000 r/min離心20 min,將上清棄,加75%的乙醇1 mL后用漩渦器進(jìn)行震蕩以混均,再次于4 ℃下12 000 r/min進(jìn)行離心15 min后保存?zhèn)溆谩?/p>
1.4反轉(zhuǎn)錄-聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(RT-PCR)檢測(cè)miRNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄總反應(yīng)體系為30 μL,包括[6]RNA=1 μL×250 ng/1 μL、4種核糖三磷酸溶液=2 μL、無(wú) RNA 酶雙蒸水=20 μL、反應(yīng)引物=2 μL、上樣緩沖液(10×)=3 μL、RNA反應(yīng)抑制酶=0.5 μL、RNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶1.5 μL。15 ℃下反應(yīng)30 min、45 ℃下反應(yīng)30 min、85 ℃下反應(yīng)5 min,于4 ℃保存。
熒光定量 PCR總反應(yīng)體積22 μL,包括cDNA 稀釋液= 3 μL、SYBR熒光混合液(2×)=12 μL、上游引物=1 μL、下游引物=1 μL、ddH2O= 5 μL。95 ℃反應(yīng) 30 s、60 ℃反應(yīng)30 s,循環(huán)35次后72 ℃下反應(yīng)5 min,于4 ℃保存。通過(guò)儀器測(cè)定PCR熒光強(qiáng)度,使用2-ΔΔCt法計(jì)算miR-210基因相對(duì)表達(dá)。
2結(jié)果
2.12組血清miR-210表達(dá)情況ACI組miR-210表達(dá)量明顯低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見(jiàn)表2。
組別n血清miR210表達(dá)(2-△△Ct)t值P值A(chǔ)CI組1221.24±0.07對(duì)照組802.02±0.11-61.611<0.05
2.2血清miR-210表達(dá)與患者年齡、性別關(guān)系男女ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);≤60歲和>60歲ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)差異比較無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。見(jiàn)表3。
表3 不同年齡、性別患者血清miR-210
2.3不同程度梗死患者血清miR-210表達(dá)情況重度ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)明顯低于輕度和中度患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);中度ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)低于輕度患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。隨梗死程度的加重,患者miR-210表達(dá)呈降低趨勢(shì)。見(jiàn)表4。
表4 不同程度梗死患者血清miR-210
2.4血清miR-210對(duì)ACI的診斷價(jià)值采用ROC曲線分析miR-210對(duì)ACI的診斷價(jià)值,結(jié)果顯示ROC曲線下面積為0.961,95%CI為0.926~0.996,截?cái)嘀禐?1.378)2-△△Ct,靈敏度為91.30%,特異度為97.54%。見(jiàn)圖1。
圖1 血清miR-210診斷ACI的ROC曲線
3討論
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)已證實(shí),ACI發(fā)病機(jī)制為人大腦血管閉塞所致腦組織供血及供氧不足,從而導(dǎo)致一系列的炎癥、腦細(xì)胞凋亡及腦組織損傷和腦血管再生障礙等病理性異變[7]。ACI患者多伴神經(jīng)功能障礙,殘疾率較高。既往研究顯示[8],人細(xì)胞內(nèi)miRNA表達(dá)水平和供血及供氧具有密切相關(guān)性,尤其低血氧可明顯導(dǎo)致miRNA變化。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,絕大多數(shù)miRNA能明顯影響人體血及氧供應(yīng),并可調(diào)節(jié)組織再灌注損傷過(guò)程中細(xì)胞凋亡過(guò)程。有研究認(rèn)為,當(dāng)人大腦處于較嚴(yán)重缺血狀態(tài)時(shí),miRNA表達(dá)將會(huì)呈現(xiàn)上升,這可能和其具有促進(jìn)新血管生成機(jī)制相關(guān)。也有動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)證明[9],鼠全腦處于缺血及再灌注損傷時(shí),其海馬miR-210和miR-21會(huì)呈現(xiàn)明顯變化。本研究中,ACI組患者miR-210表達(dá)量明顯低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),證明人腦出現(xiàn)損傷時(shí),其血液中miR-210也會(huì)出現(xiàn)變化,且和腦損傷具有負(fù)相關(guān)性。這可能是因miR-210可被低氧誘導(dǎo)因子誘導(dǎo),當(dāng)ACI患者大腦血管阻塞時(shí),腦組織處于低氧狀態(tài),miR-210表達(dá)量需呈現(xiàn)下降方可在低氧狀態(tài)下暴露,已被低氧誘導(dǎo)因子辨識(shí)后誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)錄。研究顯示,miR-210在低氧狀態(tài)下細(xì)胞調(diào)控過(guò)程中具有重要意義,其在腦組織及腦血管血液中均有表達(dá)。
目前研究還顯示,miRNA可通過(guò)調(diào)控細(xì)胞凋亡因子及增殖因子表達(dá)水平,能夠影響細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)周期,促進(jìn)新生細(xì)胞生成,尤其可致血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞在短時(shí)間快速增殖以修復(fù)腦血管損傷,且miRNA和炎癥反應(yīng)間具有相互促進(jìn)作用,啟動(dòng)炎癥“瀑布”信號(hào)表征。研究顯示[10],miR-210在正常人血液內(nèi)表達(dá)水平穩(wěn)定,其異常表達(dá)變化對(duì)人體疾病及損傷反應(yīng)具有較強(qiáng)敏感性。同時(shí),miR-210檢測(cè)方法較簡(jiǎn)便,僅需抽取患者靜脈血做常規(guī)RNA提取便可,故其已被廣泛應(yīng)用于多種癌癥及危重型疾病診斷中。本研究中,重度ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)明顯低于輕度和中度患者(P<0.05),中度ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)低于輕度患者(P<0.05)。說(shuō)明隨梗死程度的加重,患者miR-210表達(dá)呈降低趨勢(shì),也證明腦梗死作為一種重度炎癥反應(yīng),其病情的嚴(yán)重程度可被miR-210明顯表達(dá)。本研究中,miR-210對(duì)ACI診斷的ROC曲線下面積為0.961,靈敏度91.30%,特異度97.54%,證明miR-210表達(dá)水平對(duì)于ACI診斷及治療預(yù)后具有較為重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
值得注意的是,本研究中男女ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;60歲以上和以下ACI患者血清miR-210表達(dá)比較差異也無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,這表明miR-210表達(dá)水平與患者的年齡和性別無(wú)相關(guān)性,證明其作為一種常規(guī)標(biāo)識(shí)檢測(cè)指標(biāo)以診斷及判斷ACI治療結(jié)果的可行性。
4參考文獻(xiàn)
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(收稿2014-12-18)
The expression of miR-210 in patients with ACI and its significance
WuJiao,JiangXin,ChenXiaohong
DepartmentofNeurology,thePeople’sHospitalofLiaoningProvince,Shenyang110016,China
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the expression of micro RNA-210 (miR-210) in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) patients serum and its clinical significance. Methods From Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2015,122 patients with ACI treated in our hospital (ACI group) were selected,at the same time,80 healthy people were selected as the control group,the serum miR-210 expression level was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The ACI group mir-210 expression amount(1.24±0.07)2-△△Ct,was significantly lower than that in control group (2.02±0.11)2-△△Ct,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); Male and female ACI patients serum mir-210 expression differences were no statistically significant (P>0.05); ≤60 years old and >60 years old ACI patients serum mir-210 expression differences were no statistically significant (P>0.05); Severe ACI patients serum mir-210 expression (1.10±0.08) 2-△△Ct,was significantly lower than that in the mild and moderate patients,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Moderate ACI patients serum mir-210 expression (1.29±0.10) 2-△△Ct,which was lower than the mild patients,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); mir-210 on ACI the area under ROC curve was 0.961,95%CIwas 0.926~0.996,cut-off value was (1.378) 2-△△Ct,sensitivity was 91.30%,specificity was 97.54%. Conclusion The serum miR-210 expression in acute cerebral infarction patients decreases and is related to the severity of acute cerebral infarction,which can be used as the basis for the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction.
【Key words】Acute cerebral infarction; miR-210; Diagnostic value; Disease level
【中圖分類號(hào)】R743.33
【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A
【文章編號(hào)】1673-5110(2016)03-0003-03
中國(guó)實(shí)用神經(jīng)疾病雜志2016年3期