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化學(xué)

2015-10-31 06:42
中國學(xué)術(shù)期刊文摘 2015年12期
關(guān)鍵詞:鋰離子電池

化學(xué)

封面介紹:The cover image presents the structures of ammonium persulfate,pyrrole,dopamine and the illustration of nitrogen-doped porous carbon and its application in supercapacitors. On page 685,YANG et al. demonstrate that nitrogen-doped porous carbon has good electrochemical performance for supercapacitors due to its unique pore-size distribution,large surface area,and excellent conductivity.

多巴胺改性聚吡咯衍生摻氮多孔碳材料的制備及其超電容性能

楊碩,徐桂銀,韓金鵬,等

含氮聚合物材料在惰性氣氛下熱解能夠產(chǎn)生摻氮多孔碳材料.基于化學(xué)聚合法合成多巴胺(DA)改性的聚吡咯(PDA-PPy),高溫?zé)峤庵苽涑鰮降嗫滋疾牧希∟PC).用傅里葉變換紅外(FTIR)光譜,拉曼光譜,X射線光電子能譜(XPS)分析和掃描電鏡(SEM)研究其結(jié)構(gòu)與形貌.隨著DA與吡咯(Py)單體的摩爾比不斷變化,PDA-PPy的形貌也隨之改變,進而影響NPC的超電容性能.循環(huán)伏安和恒流充放電測試表明,當(dāng)DA與Py單體的摩爾比為0.5時,在0.5 A·g-1的電流密度下,NPC的比電容可以達到210 F·g-1,電流密度為10 A·g-1時,比電容可以達到134 F·g-1,電容保持率為63.8%.

吡咯;多巴胺;多孔碳;氮摻雜;超級電容器

來源出版物:物理化學(xué)學(xué)報,2015,31(4): 685-692聯(lián)系郵箱:張校剛,azhangxg@163.com

MoO3納米帶/RGO復(fù)合材料的制備及其電化學(xué)性能研究

紀(jì)文旭,吳迪,楊蓉,等

摘要:以水楊酸為模板劑和還原劑,采用水熱法制備得到了一種MoO3納米帶/RGO復(fù)合材料.利用XRD、SEM、TEM、拉曼光譜、恒流充放電、交流阻抗等手段對樣品的結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌以及電化學(xué)性能進行表征.測試結(jié)果表明,MoO3納米帶/RGO復(fù)合材料作為鋰離子電池負極材料,在50 mA·g-1的電流密度下可逆比容量為1000 mAh·g-1,循環(huán)50次后比容量還保持在950 mAh·g-1,相比于MoO3納米帶其容量保持能力和循環(huán)性能得到了顯著改善.

關(guān)鍵詞:MoO3納米帶;還原氧化石墨烯;鋰離子電池;負極材料

來源出版物:無機化學(xué)學(xué)報,2015,31(4): 659-665

聯(lián)系郵箱:彭路明,luming@nju.edu.cn

高效液相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜法測定可食性包裝材料中22種酸性染料

粟有志,劉俊,李芳,等

摘要:建立了可食性包裝材料中酸性黃23、酸性紅18、酸性藍7等22種酸性染料的高效液相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法.樣品以乙腈-甲醇(5:5,v/v)提取,采用Strata-X-AW固相萃取柱凈化.待測物經(jīng)Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,1.8 μm)分離,以乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸銨為流動相梯度洗脫;采用電噴霧負離子源(ESI-)、多重反應(yīng)監(jiān)測(MRM)模式檢測;以保留時間和特征離子對(母離子和兩個碎片離子)信息比較進行定性,基質(zhì)匹配外標(biāo)法定量.22種酸性染料在各自的線性范圍內(nèi)相關(guān)系數(shù)(r2)均大于 0.991;在3種基質(zhì)(糯米紙、植物膠囊、明膠膠囊)中方法的定量限(以S/N≥10計)為0.1~2.0 mg/kg,3個加標(biāo)水平(1、2、10倍定量限)下,回收率為78.4%~109.5%,相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(RSD)為4.6%~14.5%.本方法快速簡便、準(zhǔn)確可靠,適用于可食性包裝材料中多種酸性染料的測定.

關(guān)鍵詞:固相萃取(SPE);高效液相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜(HPLC-MS/MS);酸性染料;可食性包裝材料

來源出版物:色譜,2015,33(4): 363-370聯(lián)系郵箱:劉俊,xll1115@sina.com

封面介紹:On page 325,Huang et al synthesized a new composite based on graphene and a novel ferrocene-terminated phenylethynyaniline(Fc-NH2). In the work,cytochrome c(Cytc)was immobilized on the composite to prepare a graphene-chitosan/Fc-NH2/Cytc modified electrode and by which the direct electron transfer was realized. The electrode shows good catalysis towards NaNO2and can be used for the determination of nitrite in juice.

新型石墨烯-殼聚糖/二茂鐵衍生物/細胞色素 c修飾電極的制備及其用于亞硝酸鈉的檢測研究

黃娜,劉美玲,鄧建輝,等

摘要:具有共軛結(jié)構(gòu)的分子導(dǎo)線是構(gòu)筑分子電子器件的重要組成單元,而含有二茂鐵單元的該類化合物具有良好的電化學(xué)性質(zhì),被廣泛研究.基于此,本實驗通過Sonogashira交叉偶聯(lián)等反應(yīng)合成了一種新型二茂鐵乙炔衍生物(Fc-NH2),并經(jīng)紅外(IR)、核磁共振(1H NMR和13C NMR)、質(zhì)譜(MS)和循環(huán)伏安(CV)等方法表征.利用Fc-NH2與石墨烯-殼聚糖(GH-CS)之間的相互作用制備了GH-CS/Fc-NH2復(fù)合物,并成功用于細胞色素c(Cytc)的固定,得到GH-CS/Fc-NH2/Cytc修飾電極.研究表明,GH-CS/Fc-NH2/Cytc/GCE在-0.2 V附近出現(xiàn)一對峰,對應(yīng)于Cytc的可逆氧化還原峰.此電極對NaNO2有良好的電催化作用,在1×10-7~1.5×10-4mol/L范圍內(nèi),NaNO2濃度與氧化峰電流呈良好的線性關(guān)系,檢測限低至4×10-8mol/L.此修飾電極不但可以實現(xiàn)細胞色素c的直接電化學(xué),也可以用于定量檢測NaNO2.

關(guān)鍵詞:二茂鐵乙炔衍生物;細胞色素c;石墨烯;亞硝酸鹽;電催化

來源出版物:分析化學(xué),2015,43(3): 325-332聯(lián)系郵箱:劉美玲,liumeilingww@126.com

來源出版物:Chinese Journal of Chemistry,2015,33(3): 329-334聯(lián)系郵箱:Xiaoyu Hu,huxy@nju.edu.cn

封面介紹:A copper-catalyzed asymmetric B—H bond insertion reaction of α-diazoketones with phosphine-borane adducts was realized by using chiral spiro bisoxazoline ligands under mild reaction conditions,which provides a direct and efficient method for preparation of synthetically important chiral α-borylketones with high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities. [Zhu,Shoufei et al. on page 326-329.]

銅催化α-重氮酮對硼氫鍵的不對稱插入反應(yīng)

程清卿,許喚,朱守非,等

摘要:手性有機硼化合物在有機合成、醫(yī)藥、材料等諸多領(lǐng)域中有廣泛的應(yīng)用,發(fā)展該類化合物的高效合成方法一直廣受關(guān)注.此前,我們發(fā)展了過渡金屬催化卡賓對硼氫鍵(B—H)的插入反應(yīng),并實現(xiàn)了α-重氮酯對B—H鍵的不對稱插入反應(yīng).本文以手性螺環(huán)雙噁唑啉配體和銅的絡(luò)合物作為催化劑,首次實現(xiàn)了α-重氮酮對膦-硼烷加合物的B—H鍵不對稱插入反應(yīng),獲得了較高的收率和高達83% ee的對映選擇性.該研究成果是為數(shù)不多的以α-重氮酮作為卡賓前體的不對稱雜原子氫鍵插入反應(yīng),為手性α-硼取代酮化合物這類新的有機硼化合物的合成提供了有效方法.

關(guān)鍵詞:不對稱催化;卡賓插入反應(yīng);α-重氮酮;硼烷加合物;手性螺環(huán)配體

來源出版物:化學(xué)學(xué)報,2015,73(4): 326-329聯(lián)系郵箱:朱守非,sfzhu@nankai.edu.cn

封面介紹:The cover picture shows the construction of novel supramolecular prodrug micelles based on the host-guest interaction of water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6)and doxorubicin(DOX)-based drug-drug conjugate(G). Herein,the release rate of DOX from these supramolecular micelles is approximate to 100% within 30 min at pH 5.5 by simulating the endo-lysosomal environment. Significantly,intracellular localization experiments demonstrated that these supramolecular micelles,taken up by cancer cells via endocytosis,can lead to efficient DOX accumulation in SKOV3 cancer cells,implying its promising future for cancer therapy. More details are discussed in the article by Hu et al. on page 329-334.

Supramolecular Prodrug Micelles Constructed by Drug-Drug Conjugate with Water Soluble Pillar[6]arene for Controllable and Rapid Drug Release

Yu Cao,Xiaochun Zou,Shuhan Xiong,et al.

The first attempt of constructing supramolecular prodrug micelles based on the hostguest interaction between water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6)and a novel doxorubicin(DOX)-based drug-drug conjugate(G)is reported,in which the drug-drug conjugate is synthesized by conjugating anticancer drug DOX with another drug isoniazide via the acid-cleavable hydrazone bond. The obtained WP6?G micelles are stable under physiological conditions,whereas the cumulative release of DOX is approximate to 100% within 30 min at pH 5.5 by simulating the endo-lysosomal environment at 37°C. Therefore,this WP6-based prodrug micelles can achieve efficient DOX accumulation in the acidic tumor cells within a short period of time,which is very important and valuable;meanwhile it can also reduce the unexpected premature burst release under physiological condition. Furthermore,cellular internalization and localization experiments demonstrated that these prodrug micelles enter cancer cells mainly via endocytosis and can lead to significant drug accumulation in SKOV3 cancer cells,implying its promising future for cancer therapy.

supramolecular micelles; drug delivery; pillararene; self-assembly; rapid release

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