張健東 何國清 陳剛 等
摘要采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板不連續(xù)電泳法對3種鯻科魚類6種組織(腦、眼、心、腎、肝和肌肉)的9種同工酶(ADH,EST,GDH,LDH,MDH,ME,POD,SDH,SOD)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示具有明顯組織特異性.此外,對每種魚40個(gè)個(gè)體的肝臟的8種同工酶進(jìn)行群體遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)分析,共記錄15個(gè)基因位點(diǎn),其中呈多態(tài)性的位點(diǎn)有 2個(gè)(mPod1,sSod1),多態(tài)座位比例(P)為0.133,位點(diǎn)平均有效等位基因數(shù)(Ae)分別為1.004,0.997和1.015,平均每個(gè)位點(diǎn)預(yù)期雜合度(He)值分別為0.068,0.066和0.045,平均每個(gè)位點(diǎn)實(shí)際雜合度(Ho)值分別為0.098,0.083和008.與其他魚類研究結(jié)果相比較,表明3種鯻科魚類的遺傳多樣性居于中等水平.
關(guān)鍵詞鯻科魚類;同工酶;組織特異性;遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)
中圖分類號(hào)S917.4文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)10002537(2015)05002708
The TissueSpecificities of Isozymes and the Genetic
Structure in Three Species of Theraponidae
ZHANG Jiandong1,2*, HE Guoqing1, CHEN Gang1,2, TANG Baogui1,2,
PAN Chuanhao1,2, ZHOU Hui1,2, Huang Jiansheng1,2
(1.Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South
China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Regular High Education Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524025, China)
AbstractHorizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the tissuespecificities of isozymes and the genetic structure of Theraponidae. 9 isozymes (ADH, EST, GDH, LDH, MDH, ME, POD, SDH and SOD) in 6 kinds of tissues (brain, eye, heart, kidney, liver and muscle) of three Theraponidae species were screened and the results showed that the screened isozymes displayed remarkable tissuespecificities. Besides, 8 enzymes from liver tissues in 40 individuals were selected for the genetic analysis. The 8 isozymes systems were encoded by 15 loci, and 2 (mPod1 and sSod1) of them were polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 0.133. The average effective numbers of alleles (Ae) were 1.004(at T.jarbua),0.997 (at T.theraps) and1.015(at P.quadrilineatus), respectively. The mean expected heterozygosities per locus (He) were 0.068, 0.066 and 0.045. The mean actual heterozygosities per locus (Ho) were 0.098,0.083 and 0.08, respectively. This result indicated that there was a middle level of genetic variation in Theraponidae.
Key wordsTheraponidae; Isozyme; tissue specificity; genetic structure
鯻科魚類(Theraponidae) 屬硬骨魚綱(Osteichthyes),鱸形目(Perciformes),鱸亞目(Percoidei),為熱帶區(qū)沿岸性魚類,主要分布于印度西太平洋地區(qū)及澳洲、新幾內(nèi)亞、印尼等沿岸海域[1].常見種類有細(xì)鱗鯻(Therapon jarbua)、鯻(Terapon theraps)、列牙鯻(Pelates quadrilineatus)和尖吻鯻(Rhynchopelate oxyrhynchus)4種,在中國發(fā)現(xiàn)了4屬8種[24],鯻科魚類肉質(zhì)鮮美香滑,經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值高,有很大的市場開發(fā)潛力[56].
同工酶在生物界廣泛存在,變異豐富,且呈共顯性遺傳,能比較客觀地代表基因組的變異,因而能較客觀地度量群體的遺傳變異大小,且實(shí)驗(yàn)條件較為簡單,成本較低,結(jié)果快速可靠等優(yōu)點(diǎn),該技術(shù)已成為一種經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的群體遺傳學(xué)研究手段,是近20年來檢測遺傳多樣性研究最普遍的方法[710].本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了3種鯻科魚類部分同工酶的組織特異性并探討其群體生化遺傳結(jié)構(gòu),以期為該物種的種質(zhì)調(diào)查提供有價(jià)值的生化遺傳參數(shù),同時(shí)也為種質(zhì)資源的合理開發(fā)利用和遺傳育種等提供部分理論依據(jù).