曾亞英 王曉清 戴振炎 等
摘要2011年7月至2012年6月,對(duì)五強(qiáng)溪水庫(kù)太湖新銀魚不同繁殖群體的生長(zhǎng)特性進(jìn)行了比較研究.用von Bertalanffy 生長(zhǎng)方程描述其生長(zhǎng)特性,得到不同群體的體長(zhǎng)體重關(guān)系式分別為:春群W=0.003 4 L3.027 2(n=538,r=0.956 6),秋群W=0.001 7 L3.379 1(n=590,r=0.958 5),由此表明該水庫(kù)太湖新銀魚屬于等速生長(zhǎng)類型;并由生長(zhǎng)方程推導(dǎo)出體長(zhǎng)和體重的生長(zhǎng)速度方程及生長(zhǎng)加速度方程,得出太湖新銀魚春群的生長(zhǎng)拐點(diǎn)為5.77月齡,秋群的生長(zhǎng)拐點(diǎn)為3.97月齡,確定五強(qiáng)溪水庫(kù)太湖新銀魚的合理捕撈期為9~10月.
關(guān)鍵詞太湖新銀魚;生長(zhǎng)特性;五強(qiáng)溪水庫(kù)
中圖分類號(hào)S937.3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)10002537(2015)05003505
Growth Characteristics of Neosalanx Taihuensis of SpringStock and
AutumnStock in Wuqiangxi Reservoir
ZENG Yaying1,2, WANG Xiaoqing1*, DAI Zhenyan1*, HU Yazhou1, WU Hanhan1, LIU Yipeng1
(1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University,
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries, Changsha 410128, China;
2.Alxa League of Inner Mongolia Institute of Animal Science, Alxa League of Inner Mongolia Agricultural and Livestock
Products Quality Inspection Center, Alashan Left Banner 750306, China)
AbstractIn this study, the comparison of growth characteristics of two Neosalanx taihuensis populations was conducted in Wuqiangxi reservoir in July, 2011 to June, 2012. Analysis indicates that its month age suits to von Bertalanffy growth formula. The equations are: the springstock W=0.003 4 L3.027 2(n=538, r =0.956 6), the autumn group W=0.001 7 L3.379 1(n=590, r=0.958 5). The results suggested that the fish was isometric velocity growth type. And by the growth formula, the growth rate formula and accelerative growth rate formula of body length and body weight were deduced out. Growth point of inflection sites at 5.77 month age of the springstock, while the growth point of inflection sites at 3.97 month age of the autumn group. These results confirmed that the suitable fishing period is within September to October.
Key wordsNeosalanx taihuensis; growth characteristics; wuqiangxi reservoir
太湖新銀魚(Neosalanx taihuensis Chen)主要生活在敞水區(qū)的中上層[1],其生命周期為一年,在長(zhǎng)江中下游流域有兩個(gè)繁殖群體:春季群體(本文簡(jiǎn)稱春群)繁殖期為1~5月;秋季群體(本文簡(jiǎn)稱秋群)繁殖期為9~11月[24].近年來(lái),國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)太湖新銀魚的兩個(gè)群體的繁殖特性、食性和種群競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等開展了研究[57],部分學(xué)者[812]對(duì)不同水域的太湖新銀魚單個(gè)群體的生長(zhǎng)特性進(jìn)行了較系統(tǒng)的研究,但針對(duì)太湖新銀魚兩個(gè)繁殖群體的生長(zhǎng)特性進(jìn)行比較研究的報(bào)道很少.本文依據(jù)太湖新銀魚的生長(zhǎng)方程,結(jié)合其食性、種群競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等其他因素,最終確定合理的捕撈期,為太湖新銀魚的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供依據(jù).
五強(qiáng)溪水庫(kù)位于湖南省沅江中游干流江段,面積約16 667 hm2(25 萬(wàn)畝),支流、庫(kù)灣多,為魚類增養(yǎng)殖提供了有利條件[1314].該水庫(kù)在1997年從云南滇池移植引入太湖新銀魚受精卵20億粒,剛移植后庫(kù)區(qū)的銀魚資源豐富,1998年產(chǎn)量達(dá)200 t,隨后兩年產(chǎn)量均達(dá)500 t以上,近幾年該水庫(kù)的年產(chǎn)量劇減到100 t以下.本文通過(guò)對(duì)該水庫(kù)中銀魚的周年調(diào)查,比較研究春群和秋群的生長(zhǎng)特性,旨在闡明兩個(gè)群體的生長(zhǎng)特性與生長(zhǎng)差異,了解其生長(zhǎng)規(guī)律,為確定庫(kù)區(qū)銀魚的合理捕撈期,合理開發(fā)和保護(hù)庫(kù)區(qū)銀魚資源管理提供科學(xué)依據(jù).
1材料與方法
1.1樣品的采集