談?wù)\,韓勍,朱純亮,李喆倩,劉麗莎
(南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京兒童醫(yī)院,南京 210008)
急性期川崎病患兒外周血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞NF-κB、MMP-9表達(dá)變化及意義
談?wù)\,韓勍,朱純亮,李喆倩,劉麗莎
(南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京兒童醫(yī)院,南京 210008)
目的 探討核細(xì)胞核因子-κB(NF-κB)和基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9 (MMP-9) 在川崎病發(fā)生、發(fā)展中的作用及其機(jī)制。方法 研究對(duì)象為川崎病患兒21例(川崎病組)、呼吸道感染患者18例(陽性對(duì)照組)、正常查體者17例(正常對(duì)照組)。采用密度梯度離心法無菌分離各組外周血PBMCs自然培養(yǎng),采用RT-PCR法和Westen blot法測(cè)定細(xì)胞中NF-κB p65 mRNA和蛋白,采用ELISA方法測(cè)定細(xì)胞上清液中MMP-9蛋白。將川崎病組外周血PBMCs體外培養(yǎng)并分為川崎病1、2、3組,川崎病1組繼續(xù)自然培養(yǎng),川崎病2組加入終濃度為20 nmol/L的NF-κB激動(dòng)劑PMA,川崎病3組同時(shí)加入PMA(濃度同上)及終濃度為100 μmol/L的NF-κB抑制劑 PDTC,孵育2 h后收集上清液和細(xì)胞,分別采用RT-PCR法和Westen blot法測(cè)定NF-κB p65 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá),采用ELISA法測(cè)定細(xì)胞上清液中MMP-9蛋白水平。結(jié)果 川崎病組PBMCs中NF-κB p65 mRNA、蛋白及上清液MMP-9表達(dá)均高于陽性對(duì)照組和健康對(duì)照組(P均<0.05)。川崎病1、3組PBMCs中NF-κB p65蛋白及上清液中MMP-9表達(dá)水平均低于川崎病2組(P均<0.05)。結(jié)論 急性期川崎病患兒外周血PBMCs 中NF-κB和細(xì)胞上清液中MMP-9表達(dá)增強(qiáng);二者可能參與了川崎病的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程。。
川崎??;核因子-κB;基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9;外周血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞
川崎病又稱皮膚黏膜淋巴結(jié)綜合征(MCLS),是一種好發(fā)于5歲以下兒童和嬰幼兒的急性全身性血管炎性疾病,是小兒后天性心臟病的主要病因[1]。目前川崎病的發(fā)病機(jī)理尚不清楚。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,多種因素參與其中,如單核巨噬細(xì)胞參與的免疫激活、一氧化氮參與的血管損傷、金屬基質(zhì)蛋白酶的作用以及血管內(nèi)皮功能紊亂和損傷等[2]。2013年1~6月,我們觀察了急性期川崎病患兒外周血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞(PBMCs) 中核因子κB(NF-κB)和細(xì)胞上清液中基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9 (MMP-9)的表達(dá)及NF-κB抑制劑對(duì)二者表達(dá)的調(diào)節(jié)作用,現(xiàn)分析結(jié)果,探討NF-κB和MMP-9在川崎病發(fā)生發(fā)展中的作用及可能機(jī)制。
1.1 臨床資料 研究對(duì)象為2013年1~6月收治的急性期川崎病患兒21例(川崎病組),其中男13例、女8例,年齡3~6歲。均符合日本川崎病委員會(huì)修訂的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(1984年修訂第4版) :①持續(xù)發(fā)熱5 d以上,抗生素治療無效;②四肢末端改變:初期手足硬性水腫,掌跖、指趾端發(fā)紅,后期指趾端甲床皮膚移行處出現(xiàn)膜樣蛻皮;③多形性皮疹;④雙眼球結(jié)膜充血;⑤口唇及口腔改變:口唇潮紅、楊梅舌、口腔及咽部彌漫潮紅;⑥急性非化膿性頸部淋巴結(jié)腫大?;純壕驮\前均未使用過免疫抑制劑或免疫調(diào)節(jié)劑, 并除外先天性或遺傳性疾病。選取同期上呼吸道感染患兒18例為陽性對(duì)照組,其中男11例、女7例,年齡3~6歲;另選取健康體檢正常兒童17例為健康對(duì)照組,其中男10例、女7例,年齡3~6歲。三組性別、年齡分布差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。本研究均取得患兒監(jiān)護(hù)人書面知情同意。
1.2 PBMCs中NF-κB p65 mRNA、蛋白表達(dá)及細(xì)胞上清液MMP-9水平檢測(cè) 無菌采集各組外周靜脈血5 mL,采用密度梯度離心法分離PBMCs。用含10%胎牛血清的RPMI1640培養(yǎng)基調(diào)細(xì)胞濃度為106/mL,接種于24孔培養(yǎng)板內(nèi),每孔1 mL。采用RT-PCR法檢測(cè)NF-κB p65 mRNA,具體方法為:采用Trizol一步法抽提PBMCs的總RNA。具體步驟參照試劑盒說明書。用核酸定量儀測(cè)定總RNA含量和純度,分光光度計(jì)上測(cè)定A260/A280值為2.0~2.2。RNA行瓊脂糖電泳鑒定RNA完整性后應(yīng)用于逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試驗(yàn)。采用Westen blot法檢測(cè)NF-κB p65蛋白表達(dá):收集各組PBMCs,取70 mL蛋白裂解液RIPA進(jìn)行裂解。收集裂解產(chǎn)物12 000 g/min離心10 min,取上清并分裝,于-80 ℃保存。每組蛋白取20 g上樣于10%的SDS-PAGE膠,電泳2 h。用濕轉(zhuǎn)移的方法轉(zhuǎn)印到0.22 mm孔徑的PVDF膜上。室溫下置于5%BSA中封閉1 h;加入特異性的一抗,4 ℃過夜;TBST液漂洗3次,每次15 min,加入HRP標(biāo)記的二抗,室溫孵育1 h。再用TBST漂洗3次,用ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測(cè)。用移液槍吸取培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞上清液,采用ELISA 雙抗體夾心法檢測(cè)MMP-9 水平。步驟嚴(yán)格按說明書操作。
1.3 NF-κB抑制劑對(duì)川崎病患兒PBMCs中NF-κB及細(xì)胞上清液MMP-9表達(dá)影響的觀察 取川崎病組PBMCs接種于24孔板并分為川崎病1、2、3組。川崎病1組為空白對(duì)照組,常規(guī)培養(yǎng);川崎病2組加入終濃度為20 nmol/L的NF-κB激動(dòng)劑PMA;川崎病3組加入PMA(濃度同上)及終濃度為100 μmol/L的NF-κB抑制劑PDTC。培養(yǎng)2 h后采用1.2方法檢測(cè)各組PBMCs中NF-κB p65表達(dá)和MMP-9水平。
川崎病組PBMCs中NF-κB p65 mRNA、蛋白及上清液MMP-9表達(dá)均高于陽性對(duì)照組和健康對(duì)照組,P均<0.05。見表1。川崎病2組PBMCs中NF-κB p65蛋白及上清液中MMP-9表達(dá)水平均高于川崎病1組(P均<0.05);川崎病1、3組PBMCs中NF-κB p65蛋白及上清液中MMP-9表達(dá)水平均低于2組(P均<0.05)。見表2。
表1 各組PBMCs中NF-κB p65 mRNA、蛋白表達(dá)及細(xì)胞上清液MMP-9水平比較
注:與陽性對(duì)照組相比,*P<0.05;與健康對(duì)照組相比,#P<0.05。
表2 川崎病1、2、3組PBMCs中NF-κB p65和上清液中MMP-9表達(dá)比較
注:與川崎病1組相比,*P<0.05;與川崎病2組相比,#P<0.05。
NF-κB是一種廣泛存在的轉(zhuǎn)錄因子,可在多種細(xì)胞中被激活,通過調(diào)節(jié)多種前炎性因子/趨化因子、黏附分子、生長因子等的表達(dá),在應(yīng)激反應(yīng)、炎癥和免疫反應(yīng)、細(xì)胞凋亡等過程中發(fā)揮重要的作用[3]。NF-κB是由兩種Rel家族蛋白組成的能與DNA結(jié)合的二聚體蛋白質(zhì),p65/p50異源二聚體是其最主要的組合形式。在靜息狀態(tài)下,NF-κB與其抑制因子IκB結(jié)合在一起,以無活性的NF-κB/IκB形式存在于細(xì)胞質(zhì)中,在氧化劑(PMA等)、炎癥細(xì)胞因子等各種激動(dòng)因素的作用下,IκB被磷酸化并水解,暴露出p50亞基的易位信號(hào)和p65亞基的DNA位點(diǎn),從而使p50/p65異二聚體表現(xiàn)出NF-κB活性,NF-κB從細(xì)胞質(zhì)中移入細(xì)胞核內(nèi),發(fā)揮基因轉(zhuǎn)錄的作用[4]。
MMPs是一組鋅離子(Zn2+)依賴性的內(nèi)源性蛋白水解酶家族,可降解大部分細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)成分,并參與炎性反應(yīng)、缺血缺氧損傷、心血管和癌癥等的生理和病理過程[5]。MMP-9是MMPs 家族主要成員之一,來源于中性粒細(xì)胞、巨噬細(xì)胞、T淋巴細(xì)胞、B淋巴細(xì)胞、成纖維細(xì)胞、血管平滑肌細(xì)胞及心肌細(xì)胞等,可降解明膠、Ⅳ型膠原、Ⅴ型膠原、Ⅵ型膠原、纖維連接蛋白和彈性蛋白,在細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)的降解和組織重建中起非常重要的作用[6]。
研究證實(shí),NF-κB活化可能通過調(diào)節(jié)炎性因子、黏附分子等的表達(dá)參與川崎病血管炎性損傷的病理過程[7]。Ichiyama等[8]報(bào)道,急性期川崎病患兒外周血CD4陽性單核巨噬細(xì)胞和CD3陽性T細(xì)胞中均有NF-κB表達(dá),在給予大劑量的丙種球蛋白治療后NF-κB表達(dá)明顯減弱。表明NF-κB作為始發(fā)炎癥反應(yīng)的上游,活化后與相應(yīng)靶基因結(jié)合,調(diào)控一系列炎性因子表達(dá)。 Gavin等[9]觀察了川崎病急性期死亡患兒的冠狀動(dòng)脈瘤,發(fā)現(xiàn)受損冠狀動(dòng)脈的組織結(jié)構(gòu)完整性被破壞,彈力纖維層片狀斷裂,同時(shí)伴有炎細(xì)胞大量增殖浸潤,如中性粒細(xì)胞、血管平滑肌細(xì)胞等,MMP-9 在受損冠狀動(dòng)脈全層及浸潤的炎細(xì)胞中高表達(dá),而在無冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的對(duì)照組未觀察到上述現(xiàn)象。另有研究表明急性期川崎病患兒血清中MMP-9表達(dá)上調(diào)[10],其表達(dá)水平的動(dòng)態(tài)變化對(duì)于冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的早期診斷具有重要意義。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,川崎病患兒PBMCs在自然培養(yǎng)條件下有一定量NF-κB和MMP-9的表達(dá),加入NF-κB激動(dòng)劑PMA 后NF-κB表達(dá)和細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)上清液中MMP-9水平顯著增加;而同時(shí)加入NF-κB特異性抑制劑PDTC和PMA后NF-κB活化被顯著抑制,相應(yīng)的MMP-9水平明顯降低。鑒于MMP-9基因的啟動(dòng)子調(diào)控區(qū)有NF-κB 特異的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)[11],筆者推測(cè)急性期川崎病的病理損傷可能由NF-κB的活化所介導(dǎo),同時(shí)啟動(dòng)和調(diào)節(jié)MMP-9的轉(zhuǎn)錄,最終導(dǎo)致炎性病理損傷。NF-κB可能作為始發(fā)炎癥反應(yīng)的上游環(huán)節(jié)在介導(dǎo)川崎病血管免疫炎性損傷中起重要作用。
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Experimental study on the NF-κB-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with Kawasaki disease
TANCheng,HANQin,ZHUChun-liang,LIZhe-qian,LIULi-sha
(Children′sHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversity,Nanjing210008,China)
Objective To explore the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and matrix metalloproteases 9(MMP-9) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)in children with Kawasaki disease and the relationship between NF-κB and MMP-9. Methods PBMCs were isolated and purified from blood of fifty-six children including 21children with KD, 18 children with general inflammatory and 17 normal ones by density gradient centrifugation,and were cultured for one hour after cell concentration adjusted to 106/mL. Then both KD group and Control group were divided into three groups,the first group was cultured naturally, the second one was stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA), and the third one was stimulated by PMA and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). PBMCs were cultured for 2 h. The mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB p65 in PBMCs in each groups were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot, and the protein levels of MMP-9 were measured by ELISA. Results The mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB p65 and MMP-9 in KD group were much higher than that in other groups; Stimulating PBMCs by PMA,the mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB p65 and MMP-9 were markedly increased in each group, and there was a significant difference in each group (P<0.05); Using PDTC can reduce the activation of NF-κB in PBMCs, and the protein levels of MMP-9 were significantly reduced by using PDTC in KD group. Conclusions The activity of NF-κB and MMP-9 in PBMCs in patients with acute KD is distinctly increased; The specific inhibitor of NF-κB can inhibit it's activation and the expression of MMP-9 obviously. It suggested that the NF-κB pathway can lead to the activation of MMP-9 in acute KD, and proper application of specific inhibitor of NF-κB may be a new choice for treating KD.
Kawasaki disease; nuclear factor-kappaB;matrix metalloproteases 9; peripheral blood mononuclear cells
談?wù)\(1989-),男,本科,住院醫(yī)師,研究方向?yàn)樽陨砻庖卟〔±頇C(jī)制。E-mail:781769659@qq.com。
劉麗莎(1984-),女,醫(yī)學(xué)碩士,住院醫(yī)師,研究方向?yàn)樽陨砻庖卟〔±頇C(jī)制。E-mail:58065421@qq.com
10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2015.06.004
R392.7;R34
A
1002-266X(2015)06-0011-03
2014-08-11)