□ 文/本刊綜合報道

“新絲綢之路”帶來商機“渝新歐”利好葡萄酒進口商

□ 文/本刊綜合報道

保稅商品交易中心進口葡萄酒交易區(qū)，市民可以在家門口淘便宜洋貨。 攝影：吳俊琰

8月30日，渝新歐鐵路首趟進口汽車整車班列順利抵達重慶。這趟班列從德國杜伊斯堡出發(fā)，途經(jīng)波蘭、白俄羅斯、俄羅斯、哈薩克斯坦，翻越阿拉山口進入中國，行程16天，比傳統(tǒng)海運節(jié)省了一半以上的時間，而運輸成本卻相差不大，還避免了海運常常出現(xiàn)的海盜、臺風等風險，突顯出渝新歐鐵路巨大的優(yōu)勢。

自2011年1月28日首趟渝新歐列車成功開行以來，截至目前，渝新歐貨物運輸總量為1萬多標箱，占整個經(jīng)阿拉山口出入境的中歐班列的80%，開行頻率為每周3-4班。

今年，渝新歐公共班列將形成穩(wěn)定、常態(tài)和持續(xù)開行態(tài)勢。根據(jù)計劃，今年開行的渝新歐公共班列將達到114班，其中去程102班，回程12班。不僅開行班列數(shù)量超過過去3年的總和（112班），還將實現(xiàn)公共班列的雙向常態(tài)運行。

這條全長11000多公里被譽為中歐之間的“新絲綢之路”給重慶帶來巨大商機，不僅為“重慶造”出口歐洲提供了便利通道，而且使重慶由中國西部的內(nèi)陸城市一躍成為全國對歐出口貨物的主要集散地，成為歐洲及中亞國家對華出口的中轉(zhuǎn)站，為絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶建設提供了有力支撐。

德國北威州投資促進局局長佩特拉·沃森勒女士和重慶市經(jīng)信委副主任、市物流辦副主任楊麗瓊女士都非常看好渝新歐鐵路。沃森勒女士表示：“渝新歐鐵路連接了世界上兩個重要的物流中心——中國的重慶和德國乃至歐洲的杜伊斯堡，這條‘新絲綢之路’將對中德兩國之間的貨物運輸起到重要作用。我們將幫助重慶在北威州以及整個德國建立與企業(yè)之間的聯(lián)系。我們想要看到這條鐵路線能夠不斷地發(fā)展壯大，班次能夠加密，有更多的貨物通過這條鐵路在中國與歐洲之間運輸。”楊麗瓊女士預測，隨著渝新歐鐵路受到更多中德兩國企業(yè)的青睞，未來來往中德之間的貨運班次增多，尤其是從德國返回中國的貨物增多，運價還有進一步降低的空間。

此外，在這條鐵路的重慶終點站，全國鐵路18個集裝箱中心站之一的團結村鐵路集裝箱中心站已經(jīng)開通并運營，成為中國西部最大的集裝箱中心樞紐站，承擔了重慶鐵路樞紐及周邊300－500公里范圍內(nèi)集裝箱運輸?shù)慕M織、編組、調(diào)配、信息管理和報關、檢驗檢疫等作業(yè)。

于今年10月12日至15日在重慶國際博覽中心舉辦的第91屆全國糖酒會也看中了重慶這方面的優(yōu)勢。近幾年，來自歐洲的進口葡萄酒大量進入中國大陸市場，為消費者帶來更多的選擇。以前，無論是通過香港轉(zhuǎn)口，還是直接貿(mào)易，進口葡萄酒一般都以海運的方式運到中國，時間大約是36天。如今，通過渝新歐鐵路，時間壓縮了一半還多，而且更安全。所以對于葡萄酒的進口商來說，渝新歐鐵路的開通并常態(tài)化，無疑是一個重大利好。

同時，渝新歐鐵路也為食品的進口與出口，特別是歐亞國家生鮮食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的進口，架起了一條充滿財富與機遇的金橋。以波蘭為例，去年9月，波蘭駐華大使塔德烏什·霍米茨基就曾在接受“渝新歐”媒體團采訪時表示，中國對歐洲的出口遠遠大于歐洲對于中國的出口，波蘭每年從中國進口的貨物是中國從波蘭進口的十倍。波蘭政府非常希望加大對波蘭產(chǎn)品的宣傳，特別是高質(zhì)量的食品，希望把肉類等食品出口到中國。

今年6月23日，渝新歐公司與哈薩克斯坦鐵路總公司簽署了《合作備忘錄》，其中明確了哈方將優(yōu)先保證“渝新歐”運輸、IT、化工、食品、醫(yī)藥等特殊需求,并提供相應的溫控物流配套體系和優(yōu)惠政策。此舉意味著在不遠的將來，渝新歐鐵路將成為一條橫貫歐亞大陸的陸上冷鏈物流配套體系的大動脈。中國對歐亞諸國的食品進出口，特別是生鮮產(chǎn)品進出口交流的頻繁，或許將改變中國人和歐亞諸國人民的飲食和消費習慣，豐富人們的餐桌。

而精明的重慶商人，也已經(jīng)洞見這條新絲綢之路所蘊藏的無限商機。有重慶外貿(mào)經(jīng)商者表示，渝新歐穿越的塔吉克斯坦和俄羅斯等國家，有著豐富的農(nóng)業(yè)資源，把這些國家的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品通過渝新歐鐵路引進到重慶將是一個很好的項目。未來，可以借助渝新歐促進歐洲的畜產(chǎn)品，特別是重慶人喜歡的牛肉和牛肚等牛副產(chǎn)品進口。

參加第91屆全國糖酒會，進一步考察重慶，投資重慶，利用渝新歐鐵路進口歐洲的葡萄酒和食品，正在那些有眼光的投資者中間形成共識。

"New Silk Road" Creates Business Opportunities Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway Benefi ts Wine Importers

On August 30, the first train of import vehicles on the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway arrived at Chongqing. The train set out from Duisburg in Germany and passed Poland, Belarus, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Alataw Pass to enter China. The journey took 16 days, which is half the time but around the same cost compared with sea transportation. It also avoids risks including pirates and typhoons, representing a great advantage of the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway.

Since the first train started running on January 28, 2011, the railway has shipped over 10,000 TEUs of goods, accounting for 80% of the total goods passing through the Alataw Pass. There are 3 to 4 trains running a week currently.

According to the plan for this year, the public trains on Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway will run regularly and continuously. In this year, there will be 114 public trains, including 102 runs from Chongqing to the Europe and 12 backwards. The number of runs will exceed the total 112 in the last three years. In addition, the two-way running of public trains will be normalized.

At a length of about 11,000 kilometers, this railway is referred to as the "New Silk Road", connecting China and Europe. It not only functions as a convenient channel for exporting products manufactured in Chongqing to Europe, but also turns Chongqing, an inland city in West China, into China's major distribution center of outbound goods to Europe and a transit stop for European and Central Asian countries to export to China, effectively bolstering the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

NRW.INVEST CEO Petra Wassner shares the same optimistic view on the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway with Yang Liqiong, Deputy Director of Chongqing Economic and Information Commission and Chongqing Logistics Office. Ms. Wassner said, "The Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway connects Chongqing in China to Duisburg in Germany, which are two important logistics centers in the world, and establishes a 'New Silk Road', which will play a critical role in cargo transportation between the two countries. We will help Chongqing set up relationships with enterprises in North Rhine Westphalia and even throughout Germany. We hope that this railway can be developed continuously with more intensive schedules, transporting more goods between China and Europe." Ms. Yang Liqiong forecasted that with the increasing popularity of railway transport among Chinese and German enterprises, more trains will be opened up in the future to deliver goods between China and Germany. Especially when goods imported from Germany to China increase, the rate can be further lowered.”

Near the Chongqing terminal, the TuanjiecunRailway Container Hub, one of China's 18 railway container hubs and the biggest container hub in West China, has been put into operation to organize, marshal, schedule and manage railway containers for Chongqing and its neighboring area with a radius of 300-500 km, and to provide customs clearance, inspection, and quarantine.

“新絲綢之路”和“21世紀海上絲綢之路”

The 91st China Food and Drinks Fair, which will be held in the Chongqing International Expo Center on October 12 to 15, leverages this advantage too. In recent years, a large number of European wines have been imported to the mainland market to offer more choices to Chinese consumers. Before the railway was completed, the wines were usually shipped to China by sea for 36 days regardless of whether it was imported directly to the mainland or via Hong Kong. The railway reduces the time by over 50% and makes the transportation safer. As a result, the operation of the railway in a regular manner will further benefi t wine importers.

The railway also equals to a golden bridge of fortune and opportunities to food import and export, particularly to the import of fresh food and agricultural produces from European and Asian countries. Take Poland as an example, the Polish Ambassador to China Tadeusz Chomicki told media in an interview that last September, China’s export to Europe is way more than the other way around, and Poland's import from China was 10 times of its export to China each year. The Polish government hopes very much to promote its products, especially quality food, and export more food like meat to China.

On June 23 2014, Yuxinou (Chongqing) Logistics Co., Ltd. signed a MOU of Cooperation with Kazakhstan Railways to guarantee Kazakhstan that the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway will first address the country’s special requirements for transporting IT, chemical, food, and medical products and provide a relevant logistics system with temperature control and preferential policies. This will soon turn the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway into an artery of inland coldchain logistics system across the Eurasia Continent. The increasing exchanges of food, especially fresh food, between China and European and Asian countries will provide more choices to the people in these countries and may change their dietary and consumption habits by enriching their dinner table.

Smart Chongqing businessmen have seen the infinite business opportunities brought by the New Silk Road. Some involving in foreign trade said that the countries along the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway, such as Tajikistan and Russia, have abundant agricultural resources and it will be profi table to import them to Chongqing through the railway. In the future, more livestock products, especially cattle byproducts such as beef and tripe which are highly popular in Chongqing, can be imported from Europe.

Attending the 91st China Food and Wine Fair for a close look at Chongqing and exporting European wines and food through the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway are becoming common tactics for investors with foresight.