汪愛娟 李阿根 張舟娜
摘要[目的]篩選水稻紋枯病的防治藥劑。[方法]研究了不同廠家生產(chǎn)的噻呋酰胺單劑與復(fù)配制劑,以及23%醚菌·氟環(huán)唑、30%苯甲·丙環(huán)唑等藥劑防治水稻紋枯病效果。[結(jié)果]藥后10 d,23%醚菌·氟環(huán)唑SC 600 ml/hm2、24%噻呋酰胺SC 300 ml/hm2(進(jìn)口)、30%苯甲·丙環(huán)唑EC 450 ml/hm2、40%噻呋酰胺WDG 270 g/hm2、24%噻呋酰胺EC 300 ml/hm2(國產(chǎn))、40%戊唑·噻唑鋅EC 1 050 ml/hm2、27.8%噻呋·己唑醇EC 300 ml/hm2 7個處理的校正防效分別為85.47%、85.69%、85.39%、90.74%、85.44%、85.29%和87.78%,10%丙硫·多菌靈SC 750 ml/hm2和6%丙硫·多菌靈SC 1 350 ml/hm2的校正防效分別為57.91%和70.61%;藥后20 d,各處理防效進(jìn)一步提高。[結(jié)論]噻呋酰胺制劑與23%醚菌·氟環(huán)唑、30%苯甲·丙環(huán)唑、40%戊唑·噻唑鋅都可作為防治水稻紋枯病的推薦藥劑。
關(guān)鍵詞噻呋酰胺;水稻紋枯??;田間藥效
中圖分類號S435.111.42文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2014)28-09766-02
Control Effects of Several Preparations Associated with Trifluzamide against Rice Sheath Blight Disease
WANG Aijuan, LI Agen, ZHANG Zhouna
(Management Station of Agroecology and Plant Protection of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100)
Abstract[Objective] The aim was to screen out efficient agents for controlling rice sheath blight disease. [Method] Single agent and compound preparations of Trifluzamide from deferent manufacturers were tested to comfirm field efficacy to control rice sheath blight disease, comparing with 23% kresoxim methyl·epoxiconazole and 30% difenoconazole·propiconazole. [Result] Ten days after spraying, seven treatmentss correction control effects of 23% kresoxim methyl·epoxiconazole SC 600 ml/hm2, 24% trifluzamide SC 300 ml/hm2(imported), 30% difenoconazole·propiconazole EC 450 ml/hm2, 40% trifluzamide WDG 270 g/hm2, 24% trifluzamide EC 300 ml/hm2(domestic), 40% tebuconazole·zinc thiazole EC 1 050 ml/hm2, 27.8% trifluzamide·hexaconazole EC 300 ml/hm2 were 85.47%, 85.69%, 85.39%, 90.74%, 85.44%, 85.29% and 87.78% respectively; the correction control effects of 10% albendazole·carbendazim SC 750 ml/hm2 and 6% albendazole·carbendazim SC 1 350 ml/hm2 were 57.91% and 70.61% respectively. Twenty days after spraying, the control effect of each treatment was risen. [Conclusion] Trifluzamide and its compound preparations and 23% kresoxim methyl·epoxiconazole, 30% difenoconazole·propiconazole, 40% tebuconazole·zinc thiazole all can be recommendated as the pesticides to control rice sheath blight disease.
Key wordsTrifluzamide; Rice sheath blight; Field efficacy
水稻紋枯病[Thanatephorus cucumeris(Frank)Donk.]是危害杭嘉湖地區(qū)水稻的主要病害[1],嚴(yán)重影響水稻生長和產(chǎn)量。并且傳統(tǒng)防治水稻紋枯病的井岡霉素已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生不同程度的抗藥性[2-3],因此迫切需要篩選出井岡霉素的替代藥劑。為此,筆者研究了幾種國產(chǎn)與進(jìn)口噻呋酰胺制劑,以及10%丙硫多菌靈、23%醚菌·氟環(huán)唑等藥劑對水稻紋枯病的防治效果,旨在為水稻紋枯病的有效防治提供理論依據(jù)。
1材料與方法
1.1供試藥劑試驗藥劑及來源見表1。
1.2試驗地概況
試驗在浙江省病蟲監(jiān)測網(wǎng)余杭區(qū)域站試驗田進(jìn)行。試驗田土壤為典型稻土田(青紫泥土),土壤肥力中等,每小區(qū)由水泥田埂分隔,排灌設(shè)施齊全。水稻品種為嘉58。
1.3試驗設(shè)計試驗共設(shè)10個處理(表1),每處理3次重復(fù),共30個小區(qū),小區(qū)面積為20 m2,小區(qū)隨機排列。于2013年8月21日用藥。
1.4調(diào)查方法
試驗在藥前調(diào)查各小區(qū)水稻紋枯病發(fā)生基數(shù)(8月21日),并在藥后第10(8月31日)、第20天(9月10日)調(diào)查水稻紋枯病發(fā)生情況,計算株發(fā)病率、病情指數(shù)與校正防效。紋枯病調(diào)查分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn):
3結(jié)論
試驗結(jié)果表明,不同含量噻呋酰胺藥劑單劑與復(fù)配劑對水稻紋枯病都有較好的防治效果,進(jìn)口與國產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品在防效上無顯著差異,且高含量噻呋酰胺防治效果更佳;23%醚菌·氟環(huán)唑、30%苯甲·丙環(huán)唑、40%戊唑·噻唑鋅3種藥劑對水稻紋枯病的防治效果也比較理想。由于用藥時田間紋枯病病株率和病情指數(shù)已經(jīng)處于較高水平,如果適當(dāng)提早用藥時間防治效果會更佳。
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] 徐云松,沈桂法,汪愛娟,等.幾種殺菌劑防治水稻紋枯病試驗研究[J].中國稻米,2011,17(4):62,65.
[2] 陳小龍,方夏,沈寅初.紋枯病菌對井岡霉素的作用機制、抗藥性及安全性[J].農(nóng)藥,2010,49(7):481-483.
[3] 胡秀榮.水稻紋枯病菌對井岡霉素的抗性監(jiān)測及其風(fēng)險評估[D].福州:福建農(nóng)林大學(xué),2006.