for oneself 有兩個(gè)用法:
1. 自己,親自。如:
You can judge for yourself. (你可以自己做出判斷。)
He demanded the right to decide for himself. (他要求得到自己做決定的權(quán)力。)
2. 為自己,替自己。如:
He made no argument for himself. (他沒為自己辯論。)
She got an extra weeks holiday for herself. (她為自己多弄到一星期的假。)
He acted without thought for himself. (他那樣做的時(shí)候并沒有考慮到自己。)
by oneself 有三個(gè)用法:
1. 單獨(dú)地,獨(dú)自地(= alone)。如:
I like to travel by myself. (我喜歡獨(dú)自旅行。)
She was sitting by herself on a bench. (她獨(dú)自坐在一條長(zhǎng)凳上。)
I often like to spend time by myself. (我平常喜歡獨(dú)自消磨時(shí)間。)
2. 靠自己,無(wú)他人幫助(without help)。如:
I studied by myself for an hour.(我自己學(xué)習(xí)了一個(gè)鐘頭。)
She can mend the fridge by herself. (她能自己修理冰箱。)
I managed to do it by myself. (我是自己做成這件事的。)
3. 自動(dòng)地(主要用于 by itself,意思相當(dāng)于automatically)。如:
This is a machine that works by itself. (這是一臺(tái)自動(dòng)工作的機(jī)器。)
The door opens by itself as you approach[靠近] it. (當(dāng)你靠近時(shí),門就會(huì)自動(dòng)打開。)
The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.(機(jī)器在幾秒鐘后會(huì)自動(dòng)開啟。)